2014 Vol. 20, No. 3

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QUERY ON THE NEOCATHAYSIAN FROM THE CONTRAST WITH SICHUAN BASIN AND JIANGHAN SUBSIDENCE AREA
LIN Zong-man
2014, 20(3): 205-221.
Abstract (173) HTML (73) PDF (1715KB)(12)
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The Sichuan Basin which superimposed on the upper Yangtze Paraplatform during Late Triassic-Jurassic is a large downwarping basin, being a typical basin in the third subsidence zone in Cathaysian.The Jianghan subsidence which superimposed on the fold belt of middle Yangtze during Cretaceous to Tertiary is a rift zone, and is a typical subsidence zone of the second subsidence belt of Neocathaysian. They belong to different basins in time and characteristics, and have extensive structural unconformity. The Neocathaysian three uplifts and three depressions, which put forward by Professor LI Si-guang, is a huge complex tectonic zone, and include stacked composite between Cathaysian and Neocathaysian. The research results prove that the Meso-cathaysian did not exist, for it is just a variation of Cathaysian. In order to correctly describe the basic tectonic characteristics of Eastern China, it's necessary to further clarify the meaning of Cathaysian and Neocathaysian.
PETROLEUM ACCUMULATION CHARACTERISTICS AND PRESERVATION CONDITIONS OF LIANYUAN SAG IN THE CENTRAL HUNAN
ZHOU Xiao-kang, GUO Jian-hua
2014, 20(3): 222-229.
Abstract (223) HTML (89) PDF (1233KB)(16)
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Based on the analysis of asphalts and inclusions in Lianyuan sag of Central Hunan, a study on the accumulation periods, destruction and transformation of oil and gas reservoirs has been researched. The result shows that the oil and gas charging occurred during pre-Indo-China movement, with earlier Indo-China movement and later Indo-China movement two times charging naturally. Indo-China Stage was not only high-matured gas time but also structural traps formed time, while Yanshan Stage played a destructive and transformative role on earlier traps and reservoirs. Four destruction, transformation and preservation models of reservoir are proposed, such as original reservoirs without destruction, original reservoirs with little destruction, original reservoirs with serious destruction, and original reservoirs with total destruction. Finally, it comes to a conclusion that three tectonic zones of Lianyuan sag have different preserving conditions, from west to east, the conditions become better and better.
THE POROSITY CHARACTERISTICS OF SEDIMENTARY AND DIAGENETIC ENVIRONMENT FOR SHAN-2 MEMBER TO HE-8 MEMBER AT THE UPPER PALEOZOIC IN NORTHERN SHAANXI SLOPE
WANG Yi-xuan, ZHANG Xiao-dong, SUN Yong, AN Xing-yu
2014, 20(3): 230-242.
Abstract (116) HTML (87) PDF (1543KB)(11)
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The typical low permeability lithological reservoir is the main reservoir which has been developed from Shan-2 member to He-8 member at the upper Paleozoic in Northern Shaanxi slope, Ordos Basin. The reservoir properties dominate the enrichment of oils and gas. The merits of tight reservoir porosity are associated with their sedimentary and diagenetic environment. In this paper, the influence of the late-diagenetic on reservoir porosity was discussed according to the sedimentary particle size analysis and scanning electron microscopy observation. From the result of this study, we can draw the conclusion that the chief destructions of reservoir-quality which is in the transform sequence of "Montmorillonite-Andreattite-Illite" are the cementation and the evolution of clay cementation. Furthermore, the clay membrane of chlorite which is developed in the surface of clastic particles can protect the reservoir porosity from the late-cementation while block the primary porosity. Therefore the clay membrane of chlorite can be one of the criteria to judge the reservoir-quality in gas reservoir exploration.
SUMMARY ON THE PREVENTION PROGRESS OF ENGINEERING SLOPE IN HONG KONG
SUN Ping, WU Shu-ren
2014, 20(3): 243-253.
Abstract (325) HTML (139) PDF (1383KB)(35)
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Due to the special hilly terrain, strongly weathered rock and the seasonal rainfall, landslide occurs frequently in Hong Kong. According to the relevant data collected from Hong Kong civil Engineering development board (CEDD), the GEO Geotechnical Engineering Office (GEO), the historical process and the key prevention and control technology of engineering slope in Hong Kong are summarized in this paper, which will be valuable to the relevant prevention and control of slope engineering in mainland China.
APPLICATION OF SPATIAL DATABASE TECHNOLOGY AND SEISMIC GAP METHOD TO SEISMIC HAZARD ANALYSIS AROUND SOUTH-EASTERN TIBETAN PLATEAU
LIU Yan-hui, ZHAO Gen-mo, WU Zhong-hai, LI Yue-hua, MA Dan, JIANG Yao
2014, 20(3): 254-273.
Abstract (181) HTML (86) PDF (1434KB)(20)
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Based on the software platform of ArcGIS (invented by ESRI), VS2010, and SQL Server 2008, the spatial database system of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau active tectonic zones that can provide a useful platform for predicting the mid-long term megaseism on active tectonic zones is preliminary established. Taking the study of active faults of southeastern Tibetan Plateau as an example, the research result shows the platform is effective and practical to predict the megaseism. According to the active faults database, 11 cases of the seismic gap's (M≥7.0) parameters and characteristics classified by time are analyzed. On the basis of the empirical formula, this paper propose preliminary analysis on the development of the seismic gaps (M≥5.0) data from 1950 to 2012 and comprehensive analysis on the potential hypocenter and magnitude in southeastern Tibetan Plateau in the future. The results show there are six significant potential seismic gaps around the southeastern Tibetan Plateau that confined by Yushu-Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang Fault, including the Cona-Oiga rift zone, eastern Himalayan syntaxis, Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang Fault zone, Nantinghe and Honghe Fault, Wanding fault-Nanting River fault zone, with the eastern segment of the Lancang-Jinghong fault zone being dangerous areas in next few years probably. Combining with the historical seismicity, late quaternary activity of the active faults in seismic gap indicate the forthcoming earthquake prediction should be paid great attention to.
THE FORMATION CONDITIONS AND STABILITY OF CHAHANDUSI RESERVOIR LANDSLIDE IN XUNHUA COUNTY, QINGHAI PROVINCE
ZHANG Miao, ZHANG Chun-shan, YANG Wei-min, WANG Qiu-mei, LIU Xuan, LIU Ting
2014, 20(3): 274-284.
Abstract (261) HTML (91) PDF (1111KB)(15)
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Based on the field work and engineering geologic investigation of Chanhandusi Reservoir Landslide in Xunhua County, this paper focuses on the development characteristics, formation conditions and stability analysis of this landslide. The result shows that this landslide is mainly influenced by landforms, stratum lithology, earthquake and hydrology. ANSYS is used for the stability analysis, which suggests that Chahandusi Reservoir Landslide is currently under stable state. It is necessary for landslide monitoring.
LA-ICP-MS U-Pb GEOCHRONOLOGY OF THE SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND VOLCANO ROCK ZIRCONS FROM THE EMOERHE GROUP IN THE MOHE BASIN AND ITS GEOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE
ZHAO Li-guo, YANG Xiao-ping, ZHAO Xing-min, LIU Yuan, ZHANG Wei-long
2014, 20(3): 285-291.
Abstract (139) HTML (66) PDF (1016KB)(7)
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Emoerhe Group in the Mohe Basin of northwestern Daxing'anling consists of Xiufeng Formation, Ershierzhan Formation, and Kaikukang Formation. Currently on Emoerhe Group's Formation age is still controversial. Study on the Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb age of the Xiufeng Formation pebbly coarse sandstone sedimentary rock and interlayer of Rhyolitic tuff in Ershierzhan Formation clastic rock show that Xiufeng pebbly sandstone coarse detrital zircon U-Pb ages varied from 2195 Ma to 163 Ma. This alludes that the source region is Proterozoic-Middle Jurassic basement. The aging data of the basement rocks and the periphery of the basin are coincide. Detrital zircons in the five youngest zircon 206Pb/238U weighted mean age of (167±2) Ma. It reflects the sedimentary basin limit of early Late Jurassic. Ershierzhan Rhyolitic tuff magmatic zircons 206Pb/238U weighted mean age of (148±2) Ma which suggests the basin sedimentation occurred in the Late Jurassic Period. Zircon U-Pb age data reflect Emoerhe Group deposition time was in Late Jurassic. It provides new evidences to restore the Mohe Basin evolution and resources exploration.
ZIRCON U-Pb AGE FOR GRANITE OF THE ORDOVICIAN FORMATION AND ITS TECTONIC SIGNIFICANCE IN THE SOUTHERN QILIAN
LIAO Hua, HU Dao-gong, ZHANG Xu-jiao, YU Wen-lin, GUO Tao
2014, 20(3): 292-298.
Abstract (162) HTML (74) PDF (1085KB)(11)
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Caledonian movement is a very important tectonic deformation stage since the Early Paleozoic in Qilian. The most intense tectonic activity began to emerge between the late Silurian and Early Devonian. The granitic intrusive began to emerge in early Caledonian movement. To the late Caledonian movement, South Qiian is developed in neutral-acidic intrusive rocks, and especially in the south western part of Qilian is relatively concentrated, the rock mass around in Hala Lake and Yangkang, Zhihema, etc. We made zircon U-Pb dating for granite by LA-MC-ICPMS. Zircon U-Pb age determination results show that, the formation of granite at the age of 461.5±1.6 Ma. It indicates that the geological age of granite in Saodi belongs to Middle Ordovician. Thus, the Balonggonggeer Formation should be earlier than the Middle Ordovician.
ESR AGES EVIDENCES OF MOHE OVERTHRUST STRUCTURE STAGE
LIU Xiao-jia, ZHAO Li-guo, TIAN Jun, YANG Xiao-ping, ZHANG Wen-long, GAO Xue-mi
2014, 20(3): 299-303.
Abstract (170) HTML (58) PDF (892KB)(11)
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The 10 different structure quartz veins and calcite veins from Mohe basin overthrust structure root zone, the central belt and front belt has been dated by electron spin resonance (ESR). ESRS dating results show Mohe basin overthrust structure formed in (149.3±14.0) Ma~(118.7±11.0) Ma, which indicate the main deformation of Mohe overthrust structure was in the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous. The structure has great relationship with Jurassic to Early Cretaceous Hang Gai-Kent Ocean closed, ancient land thrusting and crustal thickening caused by ancient Pacific Ocean subduction. Then it led Mohe Basin atrophy of squeezing and lifting.
ANALYSIS OF GEOMORPHOLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE YAMZHO YUMCO REGION BASED ON ASTER-GDEM
CHEN Qi-guang, SHAO Zhao-gang, HAN Jian-en, MENG Xian-gang, YU Jia, WANG Jin
2014, 20(3): 304-316.
Abstract (177) HTML (103) PDF (1481KB)(18)
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The DEM data, gradually advancing, is applied widespreadly in the analysis of geomorphic. In order to provide important evidences for the tectonic pattern and evolution process of geomorphy in the study area, with detailed field survey and verification as well as searching and compare with former regional geologic data, the characteristics of tectonic geomorphy have been studied, based on data of ASTER-GDEM, the utilization of GIS spatial analysis statistic technology, statistics of geomorphic parameters including the terrain elevation(including the average elevation, the maximum elevation and the minimum elevation), the terrain fluctuation and the surface gradient, graphic and mathematic analysis of the strip profile and the area-elevation integral. The result shows that the study area, characterized by the EW directional basin geomorphy, with highest altitude of 7515 m and lowest altitude of 2581 m, belongs to the area of high-extremely high altitude, while areas within the watershed mainly exhibits geomorphy of plain and hill. With the average fluctuation of 314 m, average gradient of 19°, the terrain fluctuates little and shows layered geomorphy of three grades. The edge of the basin is controlled by faults, where tectonic phenomena develop with obvious characteristics of linear imagines. The east and west part are controlled by the Sangri-Cuona fault belt and the Yadong-Lugu fault belt respectively, in which multi-period tectonic activities are revealed by the elevation profile. Additionally, the south and north part of the watershed basin is controlled by the Rongbu-Zhegu fault and the Qiuduojiang fault, and the faulting in north is more intensive than that in south. Influenced by the combined action of tectonic activities and surface water flow, the geomorphy has entered the aging stage of evolution.
APPLICATION OF GeoEye-1 SATELLITE DATA TO MINE DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT
WU Fang
2014, 20(3): 317-323.
Abstract (174) HTML (84) PDF (1056KB)(28)
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By using of satellite remote sensing technology, the exploitation and utilization of mineral resources have been carried out, and the mine geological environments issues have also been analyzed. The result shows that the geoeye-1 satellite data could provide accurate and timely basis for the scientific management and decision-making. Taking Shanxi Loufan polymetallic prospect for example, the analysis and extraction of remote sensing data play an important role for environmental survey and enhancement. Finally, geological suggestions in the region are proposed.
THE CORRELATIONS BETWEEN GEOLOGICAL STRESS AND CASING DAMAGE AND BETWEEN ROCK MECHANICS PARAMETERS AND CASING DAMAGE IN SANDSTONE RESERVOIR
SONG Jie
2014, 20(3): 324-330.
Abstract (157) HTML (69) PDF (1086KB)(10)
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XMAC logging tool is able to continuously measure in underground. For every reservoir sedimentary unit, it can not only measure the maximum horizontal principal stress, minimum horizontal principal stress, the maximum horizontal principal stress orientation, but the lithology mechanical parameters can be obtained, such as density, fracture pressure, poisson's ratio, young's modulus, and shear modulus. It will help us to study rock mechanical characteristics of the reservoir. So the technical supports will be provided for us to determine the correlation between geological stress and casing damage, and to establish the correlation between rock mechanical parameters and casing damage. Compared with non-casing-damage area, the principal stress and fracture pressure was very high, poisson's ratio was large, and the shear modulus was small in the larger index bed casing-damage area. So the mechanical characteristics can be used to establish the formation or existence of casing damage area in the standard layer. Compared with the normal well area, the principal stress and fracture pressure were higher, poisson's ratio was larger, the shear modulus was small, and the principal stress orientation was deflected. So the mechanical characteristics can be used to establish the formation or existence of casing damage area in reservoir section. Higher fracture pressure, bigger poisson's ratio, smaller shear modulus, and greater differences in stress are internal cause of casing damage in N2 index bed. Plane stress differences between regions are standard parts of the external impetus of casing damage. The rock mechanical characteristics which bigger poisson's ratio, smaller shear modulus, fracture pressure is higher, and so on, are the internal causes of casing damage in reservoir section. The changes of geological-stress field and formation-pressure-field are the external causes of casing damage in reservoir section. The casing damage in reservoir section is the result of the effect of internal and external causes.

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