Abstract: The analysis of structural evolution in the East Yanshan Area and Xialiaohe Basin since Meso-Cenozoic shows that this area has experienced five times of compression deformation (the end of Middle Triassic, Early Jurassic, Late Jurassic, Cretaceous and Paleogene) which resulted in withering or disappearing of the early basins and basin reversion and form ed compression structures, and three extensional periods in which Middle and Late Jurassic fault basin, Cretaceous fault basin, and Cenozoic rift basin were formed respectively. The compression and extension occurred alternatively, compression structure and extensional structures developed alternatively in the structural evolution.