Zircon U-Pb dating of the Dizhuanggou Formation, Changjiaoba Group in the South Qinling Belt and its tectonic significance
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摘要: 长角坝群出露于南秦岭佛坪地区，是该构造带内残留的少数研究程度较低的地层之一，其物质组成、形成时代一直缺乏准确的限定，进而制约了对南秦岭的构造归属和构造演化的深入研究。文章对长角坝群内低庄沟组变质沉积岩开展了岩石学和锆石U-Pb年代学研究，结果显示所取2个样品的碎屑锆石年龄主要峰值为810~835 Ma, 最年轻的年龄区间为600~700 Ma，最大沉积时代为新元古代。这与同为长角坝群、出露最广泛的泥盆纪黑龙潭组具有明显的时代差异，显示了长角坝群物质组成的复杂性。此外，低庄沟组的碎屑锆石年龄谱系特征与用于对比测试的另一个碎屑锆石最小年龄峰值为718 Ma、主要峰值为810 Ma的佛坪群样品高度相似，结合二者的岩石学及野外地质特征，认为二者共同构成了南秦岭西部的过渡性基底，与南秦岭带内宁陕断裂以东的过渡性基底−武当群、耀岭河群具有明显的可对比性。长角坝群新元古代物质的识别还为佛坪地区变质单元的划分提供了新的依据，进而梳理出成层性、变质程度不同的3个单元，为南秦岭中生代造山演化过程的恢复提供了佐证 。Abstract:
Objective The Changjiaoba Group, located in the Foping area of the South Qinling Belt, is one of the few poorly-studied strata in the belt. The lack of an accurate composition and formation age of these strata has restricted research on the tectonic affinity and evolution of the South Qinling Belt. Method This paper investigates the petrological characteristics and zircon U-Pb chronology of two metasedimentary rocks from the Dizhuanggou Formation of the Changjiaoba Group. Results The results show that the dominant peak detrital zircon dates of the two samples were approximately 810–835 Ma, with the youngest date range being approximately 600–700 Ma, indicating that the maximum depositional age was Neoproterozoic. This age spectrum differs significantly from that of the most exposed Devonian Heilongtan Formation of the Changjiaoba Group, but is highly similar to that of another sample from the Foping Group, which has a minimum age peak of 718 Ma and a major peak at 810 Ma. In addition, metamorphic zircons from the Dizhuanggou Formation and the Foping Group yielded ages of 207 Ma and 193 Ma, respectively. Conclusion The distinct depositional age of the Changjiaoba Group indicate the complexity of its composition. Combined with the petrological and field geological features, the Dizhuanggou Formation and a Neoproterozoic strata of the Foping Group are considered to form the transitional basement of the western South Qinling Belt. This is comparable to the transitional basement of the Wudang and Yaolinghe Groups east of the Ningshan Fault in the South Qinling Belt. Significance The identification of Neoproterozoic and Mesozoic materials in the Changjiaoba Group provides a new basis for the division of metamorphic units in the Foping area, identifying three units with different degrees of layering and metamorphism, which, in turn, facilitates understanding of the Mesozoic orogenic process in the South Qinling Belt. -
Key words:
- South Qinling Belt /
- Changjiaoba Group /
- detrital zircon /
- Neoproterozoic /
- unit division
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图 1 研究区位置图
T—三叠纪；D—泥盆纪；Pt—元古宙a— 秦岭造山带大地构造略图（据张国伟等，2001；李三忠等，2003；Dong et al.，2011；Zhao and Cawood，2012；Hu et al.，2016修改）; b— 佛坪地区地质简图 （据陕西省地质矿产局，1999修改）
Figure 1. Location of the study area
(a) Simplified tectonic map of the Qinling orogenic belt (modified after Zhang et al., 2001; Li et al., 2003; Dong et al., 2011; Zhao and Cawood, 2012; Hu et al., 2016); (b) Geological sketch map of the Foping area (modified after Brueau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Shaanxi Province, 1999)T—Triassic; D—Devonian; Pt—Proterozoic
图 2 佛坪地区新元古代岩石样品野外露头照片及显微镜单偏光照片
Grt—石榴石；Bt—黑云母；Sill—矽线石；Pl—斜长石；Q—石英a— 长角坝群低庄沟组样品FP105-3野外照片；b— FP105-3单偏光照片；c—长角坝群低庄沟组样品FP141-5野外照片；d— FP141-5单偏光照片；e— 佛坪群样品FP110-5野外照片；f— FP110-5单偏光照片
Figure 2. Photographs and photomicrographs of the Neoproterozoic samples in the Foping area
(a) Outcrop of sample FP105-3 from the Dizhuanggou Formation; (b) Photomicrograph of sample FP105-3; (c) Outcrop of sample FP141-5 from the Dizhuanggou Formation; (d) Photomicrograph of sample FP141-5; (e) Outcrop of sample FP110-5 from the Foping Group; (f) Photomicrograph of sample FP110-5 Grt—garnet; Bt—biotite; Sill—sillimanite; Pl—plagioclase; Q—quartz
图 3 佛坪地区新元古代样品碎屑锆石的阴极发光（CL）图像
红色圆圈为锆石测点位置，黄色年龄数据来自岩浆锆石，蓝色年龄数据来自变质锆石a— 长角坝群低庄沟组样品FP105-3的碎屑锆石特征；b— 长角坝群低庄沟组样品FP141-5的碎屑锆石特征；c—佛坪群样品FP110-5的碎屑锆石特征
Figure 3. Cathodoluminescence (CL) images of detrital zircons from the Neoproterozoic samples
(a) FP105-3 from the Dizhuanggou Formation, Changjiaoba Group; (b) FP141-5 from the Dizhuanggou Formation, Changjiaoba Group; (c) FP110-5 from the Foping Group Red circles are analytical spots, yellow dates numbers are from magmatic zircons, while blue dates numbers are from metamorphic zircons.
图 4 佛坪地区新元古代样品碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图与频率分布直方图
a—样品FP105-3的碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图；b—样品FP105-3的碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄频率分布直方图；c—样品FP141-5的碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图；d—样品FP141-5的碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄频率分布直方图；e—样品FP110-5的碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图；f—样品FP110-5的碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄频率分布直方图
Figure 4. U-Pb concordia and age probability density diagrams of detrital zircons from the Neoproterozoic rock samples in the Foping area
(a) Zircon U-Pb concordia diagrams of sample FP105-3; (b) Zircon U-Pb age histogram probability density diagrams of sample FP105-3; (c) Zircon U-Pb concordia diagrams of sample FP141-5; (d) Zircon U-Pb age histogram probability density diagrams of sample FP141-5; (e) Zircon U-Pb concordia diagrams of sample FP110-5; (f) Zircon U-Pb age histogram probability density diagrams of sample FP110-5
图 5 研究区及其相邻区域年代学数据频谱对比图
a—佛坪地区新元古代地层变质沉积岩碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄频率分布直方图（数据来源于刘志慧等，2018及文中）；b— 南秦岭东段新元古代地体变质沉积岩碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄频率分布直方图（数据来源于李怀坤等，2003、 凌文黎等，2007，2010； 祝禧艳等，2008； 张永清等，2013；王嘉玮等，2021）；c— 扬子地区火成岩结晶年龄（频率直方图及数据引自Zhang et al.，2023a）
Figure 5. Age probability density diagrams of the samples from the study area and its adjacent regions
(a) Ages of detrital zircons from the Neoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks in the Foping area (data are from this paper and Liu et al., 2018); (b) Ages of detrital zircons from the Neoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks in the eastern South Qinling area (data are from Li et al., 2003; Ling et al., 2007, 2010; Zhu et al., 2008 and Zhang et al., 2013); (c) Igneous ages from Yangtze block (diagram and data quoted from Zhang et al., 2023a)
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