地质力学学报

OVERVIEW OF THE GROUND APPLICATION SYSTEM OF SATELLITE-AVIATION-GROUND REMOTE SENSING DATA AT HOME AND ABROAD

XIAO Zheng-hao, WANG Da-ming, WEN Jing, FANG Hong-bin, HU Yu-xin, XU Ning

2015, 21(2): 117-128.

Abstract (214) HTML (685) PDF (1288KB)(32)

Abstract:
Ground remote sensing system is mainly used for receiving, processing, managing and distributing, for developing a further satellite-aviation-ground system which can be applied to geological exploration and processing mass hyperspectral remote sensing data, this article summarized and analyzed characteristics, components and development direction of ground remote sensing system at home and abroad, such as satellite system, aviation system and ground core system. This overview offered technical basic and theoretical support for developing remote sensing system for geological exploration.

INTRODUCTION OF THE REMOTE SENSING TEST FIELD SITE CONSTRUCTION PROGRESS AT HOME AND ABROAD

LIANG Shu-neng, GAN Fu-ping, ZHANG Zhen-hua, WEI Hong-yan, XIAO Chen-chao, WEI Dan-dan

2015, 21(2): 129-141.

Abstract (209) HTML (66) PDF (1453KB)(11)

Abstract:
Remote sensing test site is an important foundation for the quantitative application of remote sensing which can be used to carry out basic research, technology test, payload index demonstration and evaluation, remote sensing image quality evaluation and so on. In the research field of Geology and Mineral Resources, remote sensing is one of the most important supporting technologies for geological survey, mineral resource evaluation, surveying and evaluating geological disaster and geological environments survey. Under the support of the project "Research of integrated test field for resources and energy survey using space-borne remote sensing techniques" which is a grant from China Geological Survey, we investigated the construction of the remote sensing testing site, compared and analyzed the establishment purpose, the observation content and the application situation of the main remote sensing testing ground at home and abroad had provided an important reference to the construction of Hami remote sensing test site. This research is of great significance to promote the quantitative application of remote sensing techniques in the field of geological mineral resources survey and environment evaluation, and it overcome the blindness of remote sensing data application and promotion.

CURRENT STATUS OF HYPERSPECTRAL TECHNIQUES FOR OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION IN VEGETATION COVERING AREA

LI Qian-qian, XU Ning

2015, 21(2): 142-150.

Abstract (187) HTML (63) PDF (1077KB)(7)

Abstract:
The technology of oil-gas exploration using hyperspectral remote sensing is based on the spectrum anomalies of alteration minerals and plants to extract the information of hydrocarbon microseepage, which is an auxiliary means of oil and gas exploration. But in the study area covered by vegetation, the real situation of the surface is occluded by the existence of vegetation, which will affect the application efficiency to the technology of oil-gas exploration using hyperspectral remote sensing. In order to explore the solution of this block, the real situation of the related domestic and foreign researches is summarized and the existing problems are pointed out. The vegetation reflectance indices which can be used as the indication sign of hydrocarbon microseepage are summed up, and the work flow which can apply to the large area census of hydrocarbon microseepage using hyperspectral remote sensing is put forwarded. The research result of this paper provide a new reference for the establishment of the more extensive and applicable work model of oil and gas exploration using hyperspectral remote sensing.

THE TECHNOLOGY OF REMOTE SENSING TRIAL PROCESSING SYSTEM FOR GEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION

WEN Jing, WANG Da-ming, FANG Hong-bin, HU Yu-xin, XU Ning, LIN Jing-dun

2015, 21(2): 151-162.

Abstract (315) HTML (116) PDF (1415KB)(7)

Abstract:
Based on existent software and hardware environment, remote sensing trail processing system for geological exploration is designed and developed as a software platform of data receiving, data catalog storage, data processing and data application for solving the requires of detecting and surveying mineral resources and oil gas. It is able to receive and playback storage management, processing, information extraction and application for satellite-aviation-ground data. This remote sensing trail processing system for geological exploration is of extension and integration, which had achieved good effects in some filed investigations in the East Tianshan of Xinjiang and Qulong of Tibet, and the extraction of abnormal oil/gas information in Yulin of Shaanxi.

DESIGN OF USER SERVICE AND INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION SUB-SYSTEM BASED ON WEB SERVICE AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION

WEN Jing, HU Yu-xin, XU Ning

2015, 21(2): 163-169.

Abstract (137) HTML (69) PDF (1061KB)(6)

Abstract:
User Service and Information Distribution Sub-system is one of the most important sub-systems of Remote Sensing Processing Systems. The sub-system, which is designed by hierarchical and component type conception and is fully considered its extendibility, is mainly used for staff of geological exploration and project management. Based on WEB information distribution and user service, The B/S Model is applied with distribution technology of WebGIS and multidimensional visualization of remote sensing image. The sub-system can achieve instantly searching, displaying and downloading of map data, mass remote sensing data and thematic product data. It has achieved good application effects in trial running.

HYPERSPECTRAL CORE DATA MANAGEMENT AND ANALYSIS

TAO Zhong-ping, HU Xian-li, WANG Mao-zhi, ZHANG Xiao-dong, CHENG Bin-yang

2015, 21(2): 170-175.

Abstract (160) HTML (35) PDF (957KB)(8)

Abstract:
The software of hyperspectral core management and analysis is developed based on IDL and SQL Server, with the function to manage the hyperspectral data acquired from single point or image scanning, and the ability to calculate the spectral features and map mineral information. In addition, the data capacity processed by the software comes up to GB level. It is helpful to promote the core data in-depth use.

RESEARCH ON SOFTWARE DESIGN AND REALIZATION OF OIL AND GAS EXPLORING WITH HYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUE

WANG Da-ming, WANG Mao-zhi, HU Xian-li, ZHANG Xiao-dong, CHENG Bin-yang

2015, 21(2): 176-182.

Abstract (173) HTML (52) PDF (1062KB)(8)

Abstract:
From the view of data processing and information extraction, software has been designed and realized based on IDL according to the hydrocarbon micro-leakage theory. The software provides the data preprocess functions, such as band elimination, bad line repair, stripe elimination. And it also has the ability to analyze the pixel features and abnormal mineral information mapping with different methods, i.e. SAM, SCM, and SID. The capability of data process of the software can be the GB level, which is an important reference during the engineering use.

DESIGN OF HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGE NOISE PROCESSING SYSTEM BAED ON IDL AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION

ZENG Qing-wei, ZHANG Qiang, WANG Xiao-fei

2015, 21(2): 183-189.

Abstract (245) HTML (105) PDF (1333KB)(4)

Abstract:
The paper describes the system frame, design ideas and the processing of system implementation of hyperspectral image noise processing system based on IDL language. And each system module has been verified the software operability and usability. Development of the system effectively solves the lack of remote sensing software professional hyperspectral image processing module, and hyperspectral remote sensing images provide support for a wide range of applications in geological exploration work.

VALIDATION AND ANALYSIS OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTATION ON HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY BASED ON GPU

XU Ning, XIAO Xin-yao, HU Yu-xin, WEN Jing, WANG Da-ming

2015, 21(2): 190-198.

Abstract (207) HTML (107) PDF (983KB)(6)

Abstract:
Hyperspectral imagery has many characteristics, such as plenty of bands, large volume of data, high computing complexity. In recent years, high performance computation has been making great progress in remote sensing based on GPU, providing the hardware and technical conditions for the rapid processing of hyperspectral data. We implemented the experiments on a hyperspectral image which was obtained by Hyperion of EO-1 satellite in East Tianshan area, Xinjiang, using SAM and PPI algorithms based on CPU and GPU, trying to study the fast processing technology on hyperspectral data.. Actually the GPULib and CUDA API were used through IDL language and the data was tested by different algorithms. The results show that the processing efficiency of hyperspectral data in GPU is greater than CPU and the technology can be used in remote sensing image processing.

RESEARCH ON THE PROCESSING OF PRODUCING MINERAL AND GEOLOGICAL INFORMATION BASED ON REMOTE SENSING PROCESSING SYSTEM FOR GEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION

WANG Da-ming, XIAO Zheng-hao

2015, 21(2): 199-208.

Abstract (211) HTML (72) PDF (1338KB)(4)

Abstract:
Hyperspectral remote sensing has become an important tool for geological prospecting. This study researched the technique flow, including geological structure information, lithology information, mineral information and metallogenic prediction, by using hyperspectral remote sensing based on the application of remote sensing processing system to geological exploration. Tuguo area in Xinjiang is chosen for comparing the processing and the result of mapping with previous studies, and good effects are got. The results in this study show that this processing is advisable and the way of information extraction is accurate. This processing can be used as the main technical methods of mineral resources investigation.

EXTRACTION OF LINEAR STRUCTURE AND ALTERATION INFORMATION USING ASTER DATA AND PROSPECTING PROGNOSIS FOR TUDUN, HAMI

CHEN Jing, ZHOU Ping

2015, 21(2): 209-217.

Abstract (243) HTML (95) PDF (1248KB)(12)

Abstract:
Copper-nickel deposit of Tudun which is located on the Huangshan-Jingerquan copper-nickel mineralization belt in East Tianshan area is controlled by magmatism and tectonic action. To further prospect the minerals of this region, using thermal infrared data of Aster, the authors quantitatively retrieve SiO₂ content in the rocks from emissivity data by inversion algorithm simulated from different band ratio combination. According to the inversion map view, we extract many large silicified fault zones. Combining with the information of the faults, based on visible -near infrared bands, we obtain the fracture distribution of the study area. Principal component analysis and threshold segmentation were used to enhance the spectrum and space information and extract the iron-stained and hydroxyl alteration information. Through comprehensively analyzing the linear structure, remote sensing alteration information, rock mass distribution characteristics, regional geochemical information and known deposits, six metallogenic prospective areas are delineated.

HYDROCARBON MICROLEAKAGE INFORMATION EXTRACTION BASED ON ASTER DATA AND REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY

LI Na, ZHOU Ping

2015, 21(2): 218-227.

Abstract (236) HTML (75) PDF (1354KB)(6)

Abstract:
Shaanxi Province, Yulin gas field selected for the study area, using the advantages of multi-band ASTER data, we carried out divalent iron, clay and carbonate mineralization hydrocarbon micro-seepage alteration information extraction based band operation and principal component analysis in the study area and circled the four valid target; then using ASTER data thermal infrared band to do temperature inversion based split window simplification algorithm to get temperature image of the study area in order to verify the validity of the target area, and the high temperature anomaly area in temperature inversion map were consistent with the target ranges. Finally, the common alteration minerals spectrum of USGS spectral library, were comprehensively analyzed, and study area measured spectra and crude oil spectra to verify the effectiveness of the target. This article aimed to improve hydrocarbon micro-seepage alteration information extraction accuracy with various methods.

EXTRACTION OF ALTERED MINERAL INFORMATION BASED ON MULTI-SOURCE REMOTE SENSING DATA: A CASE STUDY OF JIAMA COPPER POLYMETALLIC DEPOSIT

WU Xiao-juan, WEN Jing, XIAO Chen-chao, CUI Zhen-ying

2015, 21(2): 228-240.

Abstract (273) HTML (153) PDF (1655KB)(16)

Abstract:
This paper extracted the altered minerals in Jiama copper polymetallic deposit by two methods: bands algebraic operation and principal component analysis with ETM+(TM) data and Aster data and got the distribution map of altered minerals by fusing alteration information.ETM+(TM) data is suitable to recognize hydroxyl group, iron and carbonate and can offer basic remote sensing technology. Aster data can extract more minerals, such as dolomite, limonite, chlorite, muscovite and kaolinite. By comparing with the geological data and actual exploration results, the extraction results of mineral alteration are effective and reliable.

TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH ON MINERAL EXTRACTION BY USING CASI/SASI AIRBORNE HYPERSPECTRAL DATA

YANG Qing-hua, WU Xiao-juan, XIAO Zheng-hao, LIU Xiao-ji, DONG Mu-xin

2015, 21(2): 241-251.

Abstract (208) HTML (233) PDF (1291KB)(20)

Abstract:
Energy exploration, rock identification, minerals mapping, and metallogenic delineation are the main directions of hyperspectral technology. The spectral information of visible, near-infrared and short-wave infrared can be obtained under the same platform in CASI/SASI airborne hyperspectral data which has higher spectral resolution and spatial resolution than multi-spectral data and spaceborne hyperspectral data and gains broader use in extraction of mineral alteration information. The paper studies the key technologies of mineral extraction and develops the flow of mineral mapping with CASI/SASI airborne hyperspectral data by extracting mineral alteration information such as chlorite, muscovite, montmorillonite, and illite in Liuyuan, Gansu. By comparing geological data and previous exploration data, the extraction results of mineral alteration information are anastomosed to the facts.

STUDY ON EXTRACTION OF DIVISIONAL ALTERATION INFORMATION BY USING TOPOGRAPHIC CORRECTING: TAKING BANGBANGNAIBIELIQIEER IN INNER MONGOLIA FOR AN EXAMPLE

WEN Jing, GU Yu

2015, 21(2): 252-259.

Abstract (174) HTML (91) PDF (1528KB)(3)

Abstract:
This article selects Bangbangnaibeiiiqieer that is located in China's major ore concentration area in Inner Mongolia as the research area and proposes an enhanced extraction of alteration information using remote sensing, which extracts alteration information first, and then uses topographic correcting. Firstly, the area is divided according to landform, topography and rock character, and then the extracted alteration information is corrected based on topography; Secondly, alteration information is extracted combing geological data, geophysical prospecting data and geochemical exploration data. Finally, metallogenic prediction is built. This new study is better than previous study, because it can display alteration information obviously, eliminate the effects of topography and rock character, and offer a more accurate evidence for further mineral investigation.

APPLICATION OF GEOCHEMICAL PROSPECTING TO THE JIJIAWA GOLD DEPOSIT AND ITS ADJACENT REGIONS IN HENAN PROVINCE

ZHANG Wei-min, LIU Yu-gang, LI Lei, WU Chuan-jun, XU De-ru

2015, 21(2): 260-271.

Abstract (244) HTML (85) PDF (1313KB)(9)

Abstract:
The Jijiawa gold deposit in Henan Province, located at the southern margin of North China Craton, is a small-scale deposit in the Xiongershan goldfield. Gold ore bodies are hosted within and have consistent attitudes with the NNE and/or SN trending fault fracture zones, which in turn strictly controlled the shapes and occurrences of the ore bodies. A systematic whole-rock geochemical survey on fracture zones F1 and F7 in the adjacent region of the deposit is carried out, and several high strength Au anomalies controlled by the fractures have been confirmed. After drilling construction, gold ore bodies have been discovered. The statistical analysis on the primary halos of the drilling cores further indicates that the ore bodies extend downwards in some degree. The drilling construction also reveals gold ore bodies in depth developing along the fractures. In terms of calculation on resource reserve, the discovered deposit is medium-sized in scale. There are lots of mineralizing fractures in the adjacent regions of the Jijiawa deposit, in which the primary halos have following characteristics. The front-halo elements are well-developed, but rear-halo elements aren't. Moreover, the front-halo elements, main ore-forming halos and rear halo elements are developed at depth. As a result, the new discovered gold ore bodies extend at depth. We thus suggest that there are good ore prospects in the adjacent regions of the deposit.

GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ITS MINING EVALUATION OF XINCHENG GOLD DEPOSIT IN JIAODONG

ZHU Sui-zhou, ZHANG Long, MIN Xiang-ji, CHU Zhao-bo, LI Xin-nian, JIN Gang, CUI Qiu-bo, LIU Ren-song, WANG Chun, JIA Xiu

2015, 21(2): 272-277.

Abstract (313) HTML (96) PDF (997KB)(34)

Abstract:
Xincheng gold deposits located in the footwall (fault gouge) of the Jiaojia fault store consist of pyrite phyllic cataclastic zone and pyrite phyllic granodioritic rock band fragmentation. By analyzing the characteristics of the main ore body-NO.ⅠandⅤ, evaluating the conditions for mining, the engineering geological condition of deposits is easy, and mined-out area has little influence on the stability of the rock mass in the deposit. Based on the environmental geological conditions of the deposits, it is favorable for mining.

FORMATION MECHANISM OF HIGH-QUALITY RESERVOIRS IN THE UPPER PERMIAN CHANGXING FORMATION IN YUANBA GAS FIELD, NORTHEASTERN SICHUAN BASIN

LI Chang-feng, HOU Ming-cai, ZHANG Xiao-qing, LI Guo-rong

2015, 21(2): 278-289.

Abstract (186) HTML (122) PDF (1528KB)(16)

Abstract:
The Yuanba gas field located in the northwestern Sichuan Basin contains the original in-place gas volume of more than one hundred billion cubic meters identified in marine strata. The Upper Permian Changxing Formation as the main gas reservoir for the field is characterized by an abundance of H₂S gas, and is typically buried at deep depths where it is subjected to high temperatures and pressures, gas and water distribution systems are intricate and engineer geology conditions are complicated within it. The dolomites of reef and shoal facies in the Changxing Formation have been regarded as high-quality reservoirs, which exhibits high porosity and permeability, high reservoir heterogeneity, considerable gas production capacity. The aim of this study is to improve the understanding of the dolomite origin using the carbon and oxygen isotopes and the high-quality reservoir formation at deep and ultra-deep depths by analyzing strong correlations in reservoir petrography, depositional facies, diagenesis and fracture development system in detail. The research shows that platform-margin reef and shoal facies in the study area are the most favorable facies belts controlling high-quality reservoir formation because reservoir rock types and spatial geometry are generally determined by depositional characteristics. Dolomitization and dissolution is significantly helpful in increasing reservoir porosity. Multi-history fracture system appearing tectonic in originis very constructive to improve reservoir permeability. It is possibly fair to say that the high-quality reservoir formation in the Changxing Formation was determined by synthetic configurations and dynamic interplays between multiple geological processes and factors.

PHYSICAL MODELING OF MULTI-PHASE STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION OF YONG-3 FAULT BLOCK IN DOXIN

WEN Lu, YANG Shao-chun, LU Zhi-yong, ZHANG Yan-zeng, XIN Jie, WU Hao

2015, 21(2): 290-297.

Abstract (163) HTML (132) PDF (1162KB)(4)

Abstract:
The Yong-3 fault block in Dongxin is a complicated reservoir with multi-layers, medium and high permeability, thin oil. The main oil-bearing layer is Shahejie Formation. According to the 3D seismic interpretation, with choosing the appropriate material, setting boundaries, determining time and loading stress, physical modeling experiments of the structural development in the Shahejie Formation, Paleogene in the study area are conducted on the basis of similarity theory for the uncertainty of structural shape and the genetic mechanism. The result makes the representation of basic fracture characteristics come true to validate the seismic interpretation. It also shows that the multi-phase structural evolution history can be divided into NNE-SSW extention, NNE-SSW and NW-SE extension, dextral-slipping and diaper. Mechanically, the tectonic evolution in the study area is controlled by intense extension and the fault depression of Dongying sag and the right-lateral strike-slip of Tanlu fault zone.

DEFORMATION MECHANISM AND EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS OF THE TIANSHUI FORGING MACHINE PLANT LANDSLIDE IN GANSU

TTIAN You, YANG Wei-min, LIU Ting, LI Hao, CHENG Xiao-jie

2015, 21(2): 298-308.

Abstract (279) HTML (118) PDF (1314KB)(9)

Abstract:
The Tianshui Forging Machine Plant Landslide in Gansu Province happened on August 11, 1990 with a volume of 1.4×10⁶ m³. It is a loess interface landslide occurring along the loess/mudstone interface. The landslide body is mainly composed of secondary loess, and the slip bed is mainly composed of Quaternary loess and Neogene mudstone. The landslide is controlled by the double-layered structure of the slope in area, being induced by some factors such as engineering excavation, rainfall and irrigation. The research on the deformation mechanism and evolutionary process of the landslide based on geological survey and engineering drilling shows that the formation process can be divided as follow: the formation period of high and steep side slopes; the landslide incubation period; sliding surface through critical period; landslide falling and accumulating period; landslide revival and deformation period. Field investigation and engineering drilling indicate that the landslide is unstable at present. It can most likely revive and slide again if there is earthquake or heavy rainfall. The results can provide theoretical basis for the disaster warning of this kind of landslide.

2015 Vol. 21, No. 2

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