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大姚-姚安地区强震孕震机理——NW向褶皱节理的构造强化与活动

常祖峰 张艳凤 李鉴林

常祖峰, 张艳凤, 李鉴林, 2017. 大姚-姚安地区强震孕震机理——NW向褶皱节理的构造强化与活动. 地质力学学报, 23 (1): 161-172.
引用本文: 常祖峰, 张艳凤, 李鉴林, 2017. 大姚-姚安地区强震孕震机理——NW向褶皱节理的构造强化与活动. 地质力学学报, 23 (1): 161-172.
CHANG Zu-feng, ZHANG Yan-feng, LI Jian-lin, 2017. THE SEISMOGENIC MECHANISM OF STRONG EARTHQUAKES IN DAYAO-YAOAN AREA:STRUCTURE STRENGTHENING AND ACTIVITY OF THE NW STRIKE FOLD JOINTS. Journal of Geomechanics, 23 (1): 161-172.
Citation: CHANG Zu-feng, ZHANG Yan-feng, LI Jian-lin, 2017. THE SEISMOGENIC MECHANISM OF STRONG EARTHQUAKES IN DAYAO-YAOAN AREA:STRUCTURE STRENGTHENING AND ACTIVITY OF THE NW STRIKE FOLD JOINTS. Journal of Geomechanics, 23 (1): 161-172.

大姚-姚安地区强震孕震机理——NW向褶皱节理的构造强化与活动

基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金项目 41472204

014年度地震科技星火计划项目 XH14047

中国地质调查局地质调查项目“南北构造带活动构造体系综合调查与研究” 12120114002101

详细信息
    作者简介:

    常祖峰(1966-), 男, 正研级高级工程师, 主要从事地震地质和活动构造研究。E-mail:zufch@163.com

  • 中图分类号: P546;P315.2

THE SEISMOGENIC MECHANISM OF STRONG EARTHQUAKES IN DAYAO-YAOAN AREA:STRUCTURE STRENGTHENING AND ACTIVITY OF THE NW STRIKE FOLD JOINTS

  • 摘要: 以21世纪初滇中大姚-姚安-带接连发生的4次Ms 6.0~6.5级强震为例,通过分析该地区构造类型及其演化历史,结合川滇块体的现今运动特征和构造应力场,提出滇中构造区运动模型和特殊的孕震模式,探讨褶皱节理与地震活动的关系。研究表明,这些地震序列均有规律地沿北西方向展布,具有高度-致的沿北西向节理面右旋走滑的力学破裂机制。该地区断裂不发育,而是以北西向中生代褶皱构造为主。野外调查发现,该地区广泛发育与褶皱伴生的北西向纵向节理及北东向横向节理,前者较后者更为发育。这些节理密集成带,呈不等间距排列,带宽30~50 m,带内节理密度20~30条/m。节理面上发育有方解石脉和辉长岩脉,同时发育挤压片理化带、新鲜的水平擦痕和松软的断层泥,说明这些节理不仅与深部地壳有关联,而且近期有着新活动迹象。分析认为,在滇中块体南南东运动的背景下,这些地震是在现今北北西向挤压应力场作用下,北西向纵向节理发生构造强化、贯通、破裂的过程中产生的。“活节理”与活动断裂、活动褶皱等构造-样,是地球上广泛存在的活动构造之-。在特殊的构造环境和特定的构造应力场作用下,节理构造会演变为-种构造强化带或活化带,进而成为-种特殊的孕震构造。

     

  • 图  1  楚雄盆地区域构造格架

    Figure  1.  Region structure sketch of the Chuxiong basin

    图  2  大姚—姚安震区地质构造图

    Figure  2.  Geological structure map of Dayao-Yaoan earthquake area

    图  3  姚安南西吴家山—米树拉大山地质剖面图

    Figure  3.  The geological profile from Wujiashan to Miladashan in the southwest of Yaoan

    图  4  石羊镇—六苴地质剖面

    Figure  4.  The geological profile from Shiyang town to Liuju

    图  5  赵家山—拉摸地质剖面

    Figure  5.  The geological profile from Zhaojiashan to Lamo

    图  6  六苴—羊蹄江地质剖面

    Figure  6.  The geological profile from Liuju to Yangtijiang

    图  7  褶皱伴生节理示意图

    a-纵向节理; b-横向节理; c-斜向节理

    Figure  7.  Schematic diagram of joints generated by folds

    图  8  姚安和大姚地区节理玫瑰花图

    Figure  8.  The rose maps of joints in Yaoan and Dayao regions

    图  9  大姚—姚安地区褶皱节理发育情况

    a—节理面上断层及水平擦痕;b—沿节理侵入的方解石脉;c—沿节理侵入的辉长岩脉;d—节理面上的挤压片理化带;e—田房东节理密集带;f—昙花山一带节理密集带;g—大姚一带节理密集带;h—马尾阱南节理密集带

    Figure  9.  The developing situation of joints generated by folds in Dayao-Yaoan area

    图  10  地震序列分布图[1]

    Figure  10.  The distribution map of earthquakes series

    图  11  大姚6.2级地震震中地区水平面的速度分布及异常条带[6]

    Figure  11.  Velocity distribution and abnormal zones on horizon planes at varied depth in the epicenter area of M 6.2 Dayao Earthquare

    图  12  大姚—姚安地区孕震模型

    Figure  12.  Seismogenic model of Dayao-Yaoan region

    表  1  2000—2009年大姚、姚安地震震源机制解(据张建国等[1]修改)

    Table  1.   Focal mechanism of earthquakes in Yaoan-Dayao area from 2000 to 2009

    序号时间震级/MS节面Ⅰ节面ⅡP轴T轴
    走向/(°)倾角/(°)滑动角/(°)走向/(°)倾角/(°)滑动角/(°)走向/(°)倾角/(°)走向/(°)倾角/(°)
    12000-01-156.53880-212988-17035382636
    22003-07-216.21584-1410676-17333014615
    32003-10-166.120486-929581-17515992503
    42009-07-096.021386-1530475-176168132607
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  2000—2009年大姚、姚安地震震源机制解(据全球CMT结果)

    Table  2.   Focal mechanism of earthquakes in Yaoan-Dayao area from 2000 to 2009

    序号时间震级/Ms节面Ⅰ节面Ⅱ
    走向/(°)倾角/(°)滑动角/(°)走向/(°)倾角/(°)滑动角/(°)
    12000-01-156.52778-611884-168
    22003-07-216.220080-629184-170
    32003-10-166.11888-110889-178
    42009-07-096.020484-329487-174
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2016-05-10
  • 刊出日期:  2017-02-28

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