基于钻孔岩芯饼化现象的地应力估算方法探究及应用

闫绍坤; 王成虎; 高桂云; 刘冀昆; 代向前

doi:10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2023196

基于钻孔岩芯饼化现象的地应力估算方法探究及应用

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2023196

闫绍坤^{1, 2,},
王成虎^1, ,,
高桂云¹,
刘冀昆^{1, 2},
代向前^{1, 2}

1.
应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院，北京 100085
2.
中国地质大学（北京），北京 100083

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（42174118）

详细信息

作者简介:
闫绍坤（2000—），男，在读硕士，主要研究方向为地应力测量等方面。Email：1131975034@qq.com

通讯作者:
王成虎（1978—），男，研究员，主要从事地应力与地质力学、断层力学等研究工作。Email：huchengwang@163.com

中图分类号: TD311；P553
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-12-25
- 修回日期: 2024-04-01
- 录用日期: 2024-04-23
- 预出版日期: 2024-06-24
- 刊出日期: 2024-12-27

Exploration and application of in-situ stress estimation method based on core disking phenomenon of boreholes

YAN Shaokun^{1, 2
,},
WANG Chenghu^{1
, ,},
GAO Guiyun¹,
LIU Jikun^{1, 2},
DAI Xiangqian^{1, 2}

1.
National Institute of Natural Hazards, Ministry of Emergency Management, Beijing 100085, China
2.
China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China

Funds: This research is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42174118).

摘要

摘要: 岩芯饼化是在高地应力环境下产生的典型现象之一，其形成的岩饼的几何特征、断面形态与原地应力状态具有相关性，并且产生该现象的部位可能不适宜直接进行原地应力测量。为获得更全面、来源更广泛的地应力数据，依据该现象，基于饼化岩芯现场测量数据与原地应力之间的内在关系，进行地应力估算，所得结果对地应力测量数据具有补充完善的作用。依据岩芯饼化国内外研究相关假设和理论，分析岩芯饼化现象发生过程中出现的岩芯断面应力和岩芯内部能量变化情况，测量饼化岩芯的物理性质、几何特征，结合其原岩应力状态，构建基于岩芯饼化特征的地应力估算公式，并与其他公式作对比。对辽宁丹东大连山钻孔内出现岩芯饼化的30~120 m深度段73块代表性岩饼的几何特征进行测量，对该段岩芯物理性质进行试验，运用所构建的地应力估算公式估算该段地应力大小，补充完善水压致裂测量数据。同时依据国内外学者曾提出的基于岩芯饼化现象的其他地应力估算公式对该段进行估算，计算结果或偏离实际，或分布离散，相较之下以此公式估算补充后的地应力数据更符合实际，并满足产生岩芯饼化的应力条件。研究结果表明，该地应力估算方法所得结果可以补充完善钻孔饼状深度段地应力数据。
- 岩芯饼化 /
- 高地应力 /
- 岩芯长短轴 /
- 地应力估算
Abstract: Objective Rock core disking is a typical phenomenon that occurs in environments with high in-situ stress. The geometric characteristics and section shape of rock disking are related to the state of in-situ stress, and the site where this phenomenon occurs may be unsuitable for measuring in-situ stress. To obtain more comprehensive in-situ stress data from a wider range of sources, according to this phenomenon, in-situ stress estimation is conducted based on the internal relationship between the in-situ measurement data and the original in-situ stress, and the obtained result can supplement the in-situ stress measurement data. Methods According to the relevant hypotheses and theories worldwide, the change in core section stress and core internal energy during the core disking phenomenon was analyzed. The physical and geometric characteristics of the disked rock cores were measured, combined with the stress state of the original rock, and an in-situ stress estimation formula based on core disking characteristics was constructed. The results were compared with those of the other formulas. Results The geometric characteristics of 73 representative rock disks in the 30–120 m depth section of the Dalianshan borehole in Dandong, Liaoning Province, where the phenomenon of rock core disking occurs, are measured, and the physical properties of the core are tested. The value of the in-situ stress in this section is estimated using the established in-situ stress estimation formula to supplement and perfect the measured hydraulic fracturing data and better reveal the law of in-situ stress variation. Conclusion This section is estimated according to other in-situ stress estimation formulas based on the phenomenon of core disking proposed by scholars worldwide; the calculated results either deviate from reality or are dispersed in the distribution. Compared with these formulas, the in-situ stress data estimated by this formula are more in line with reality and meet the stress conditions for the generation of core disking. Significance The results show that the results obtained using this method can complement and perfect the in-situ stress data of the core disking depth section.
- core disking /
- high geostress /
- long and short axis of the core /
- geostress estimation

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图 1 断裂前饼化的岩芯示意图

Figure 1. Schematic of disking core before fracture

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 断裂后饼化的岩芯示意图

R—岩饼半径，mm；da—单元面弧度，rad；a—单元面至x轴弧度，rad；δ—单元面沿x轴形变前后位移，mm；δ₀—单元面沿x轴形变前后最大位移，mm；L₀—岩饼厚度，mma—断裂后岩饼横截面示意图；b—断裂后岩饼侧面示意图

Figure 2. Schematic of disking core after fracture

(a) Cross-sectional diagram of rock disks after fracture; (b) Lateral view of rock disks after fracture

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 系数k_x、k_y、k_z与L_s /R的关系（Kaga et al.，2003）

Figure 3. The relationship between the k_x、k_y、k_zcoefficients and L_s/R

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 饼化的岩芯分类

Figure 4. Classification of disking core

(a) Fractured rock disks; (b) Pancake rock disks; (c) Thick rock discs; (d) Short cylindrical rock disks

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 30~112 m深度结构面密度分布

Figure 5. Density distribution of structural plane at depths of 30–112 m

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图 6 岩芯饼化估算地应力的深度分布

Figure 6. Depth distribution of the lateral pressure coefficient of rock core disking to estimate ground stress

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 水压致裂实测数据的侧压力系数的深度分布拟合图

Figure 7. The fitted plot of lateral pressure coefficient based on the hydraulic fracturing measurements

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 岩饼估算数据补充后侧压力系数的深度分布拟合图

Figure 8. Fitting diagram of the lateral pressure coefficient with depth distribution after supplementing the estimated rock disks data

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 各估算公式计算结果的偏差系数分布

a—公式（14）计算结果的偏差系数分布； b—公式（15）计算结果的偏差系数分布；c—公式（16）计算结果的偏差系数分布；d—公式（17）计算结果的偏差系数分布；e—公式（18）计算结果的偏差系数分布；f—公式（19）计算结果的偏差系数分布；g—公式（20）计算结果的偏差系数分布

Figure 9. Distribution of deviation coefficients of the results calculated by each estimation formula

(a) Formula (14); (b) Formula (15); (c) Formula (16); (d) Formula (17); (e) Formula (18); (f) Formula (19); (g) Formula (20) calculates the distribution of the deviation coefficients of the results

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表 1 岩芯饼化部位的地应力计算结果

Table 1. The calculation results of in-situ stress at the disking part of the core

深度 Z/m	水压致裂拟合 S_H/MPa	岩饼补充后拟合 S_H /MPa	公式(14） S_H /MPa	公式（15） S_H /MPa	公式(16) S_H /MPa	公式（17） S_H /MPa	公式(18) S_H /MPa	公式(19) S_H /MPa	公式（20） S_H /MPa
31.70	13.03	32.91	31.79	1054.15	409.79	1448.56	62.60	64.28	823.33
31.72	13.03	32.90	29.01	1495.12	442.80	2054.53	51.53	63.88	1163.50
32.76	13.05	32.89	28.82	1540.37	438.56	2116.70	49.07	63.83	1192.44
32.80	13.05	32.89	30.63	1211.15	428.65	1664.30	59.62	64.10	937.07
32.90	13.05	32.88	29.19	1443.93	429.23	1984.18	50.14	63.89	1119.08
33.25	13.06	32.88	33.26	892.16	379.38	1225.96	63.40	64.36	692.43
33.38	13.06	32.88	34.95	733.96	332.19	1008.58	59.08	64.18	569.44
33.49	13.06	32.87	37.70	633.59	339.78	870.65	71.61	64.90	491.81
33.75	13.07	32.87	38.57	535.90	210.94	736.41	32.63	63.70	415.80
33.98	13.07	32.87	37.23	960.59	468.42	1320.00	89.76	66.60	745.46
34.50	13.08	32.86	37.16	608.38	297.90	836.01	57.32	64.11	472.35
34.56	13.08	32.86	31.64	1317.56	500.90	1810.54	74.83	65.14	1024.97
34.58	13.08	32.86	30.25	1296.11	444.84	1781.05	60.00	64.22	1005.93
34.80	13.09	32.85	31.66	1454.37	538.22	1998.53	78.27	65.52	1124.63
35.25	13.09	32.84	30.30	1511.62	521.20	2077.20	70.62	64.85	1176.00
35.40	13.10	32.84	38.20	614.29	335.81	844.13	72.14	64.83	477.19
35.64	13.10	32.84	29.05	1767.79	544.38	2429.22	65.88	64.45	1381.94
35.66	13.10	32.84	32.08	995.06	385.01	1367.37	58.54	64.20	773.88
35.75	13.10	32.84	32.88	990.63	416.12	1361.28	68.69	64.73	770.07
35.97	13.11	32.83	33.61	1522.30	581.62	2091.88	87.32	66.22	1191.08
36.00	13.11	32.83	33.21	1100.87	464.70	1512.77	77.08	65.29	850.53
36.20	13.11	32.83	35.12	864.08	410.80	1187.38	76.75	65.23	672.20
36.26	13.11	32.83	32.90	1194.61	488.32	1641.58	78.44	65.37	927.21
36.51	13.12	32.82	27.42	2263.97	566.45	3111.04	55.69	63.91	1760.34
36.69	13.12	32.82	35.64	699.43	328.22	961.12	60.52	64.20	543.19
37.00	13.13	32.81	34.56	868.65	402.20	1193.66	73.18	64.99	673.25
37.38	13.13	32.81	32.20	1829.44	630.02	2513.94	85.26	65.94	1421.90
37.56	13.14	32.80	31.60	1099.20	418.71	1510.47	62.68	64.41	850.62
37.67	13.14	32.80	28.78	1664.84	490.57	2287.75	56.80	64.07	1287.07
37.83	13.14	32.80	32.70	1260.00	503.36	1731.44	79.02	65.43	973.29
37.94	13.14	32.80	28.04	2387.20	639.06	3280.38	67.23	64.76	1864.79
38.10	13.15	32.79	31.98	1126.10	444.44	1547.44	68.93	64.64	877.84
38.20	13.15	32.79	27.72	4224.51	902.12	5805.13	75.70	65.02	3317.23
38.48	13.15	32.79	41.49	465.35	268.22	639.47	60.75	64.24	361.02
40.91	13.20	32.75	35.39	722.06	334.55	992.22	60.91	64.31	561.11
51.88	13.40	32.56	32.25	1039.87	403.65	1428.94	61.57	64.36	806.02
52.00	13.40	32.55	30.37	1755.21	575.27	2411.92	74.09	65.11	1368.51
52.01	13.40	32.55	34.19	789.44	258.08	1084.81	33.15	63.71	613.27
52.19	13.40	32.55	29.20	1656.02	496.81	2275.63	58.57	64.16	1289.69
52.31	13.41	32.55	32.18	1011.93	378.20	1390.54	55.55	64.12	787.74
53.00	13.42	32.54	31.34	1256.51	462.34	1726.64	66.85	64.64	976.86
53.12	13.42	32.53	33.24	1179.90	484.12	1621.37	78.06	65.57	916.47
53.40	13.43	32.53	29.88	1604.51	518.90	2204.85	65.94	64.50	1248.51
53.53	13.43	32.53	34.04	995.87	437.16	1368.48	75.41	65.36	772.91
53.75	13.43	32.52	33.42	887.99	361.57	1220.24	57.85	64.21	690.75
54.12	13.44	32.52	33.69	836.18	255.12	1149.04	30.59	63.70	650.49
54.20	13.44	32.52	36.66	669.06	326.47	919.39	62.60	64.44	519.88
54.38	13.44	32.51	27.83	2329.67	588.65	3201.33	58.45	64.19	1787.77
54.54	13.45	32.51	31.42	1135.41	406.43	1560.23	57.17	64.16	884.39
54.66	13.45	32.51	30.38	1465.35	495.76	2013.62	65.91	64.53	1134.94
55.28	13.46	32.50	32.63	1003.98	398.25	1379.62	62.08	64.38	778.12
55.46	13.46	32.49	32.66	982.61	386.19	1350.26	59.65	64.31	761.33
55.75	13.47	32.49	32.22	1065.42	412.79	1464.06	62.85	64.39	823.14
55.85	13.47	32.49	35.46	777.43	367.53	1068.30	68.28	64.83	603.52
94.00	14.17	31.83	31.23	1301.90	329.94	1789.02	32.86	63.70	1010.08
94.15	14.17	31.83	32.42	1082.10	353.82	1486.98	45.46	63.78	839.78
94.16	14.17	31.83	31.33	1266.19	379.58	1739.95	44.72	63.76	982.10
94.40	14.17	31.82	39.77	799.21	425.77	1098.23	89.13	66.44	624.44
94.50	14.18	31.82	32.36	1365.59	503.84	1876.54	73.05	64.88	1064.01
95.00	14.18	31.81	35.19	1410.82	560.60	1938.69	87.53	66.24	1091.55
95.68	14.20	31.80	30.57	1586.34	503.09	2179.87	62.70	64.34	1232.78
95.95	14.20	31.79	32.74	1188.72	455.32	1633.49	68.53	64.60	924.87
96.26	14.21	31.79	32.22	1199.67	437.90	1648.53	62.81	64.34	933.76
96.96	14.22	31.78	29.69	1779.75	499.14	2445.65	55.01	63.99	1389.64
97.02	14.22	31.78	31.10	1364.84	440.10	1875.50	55.77	64.02	1066.67
97.44	14.23	31.77	32.81	1066.39	393.50	1465.38	57.06	64.08	826.49
97.66	14.23	31.77	33.64	950.98	272.36	1306.80	30.65	63.70	740.48
97.80	14.24	31.76	33.23	991.27	356.39	1362.16	50.35	63.87	772.75
98.59	14.25	31.75	32.29	1117.73	364.13	1535.93	46.62	63.81	867.20
103.92	14.35	31.66	37.59	1362.49	569.17	1872.28	93.43	67.01	1064.33
104.05	14.35	31.65	28.98	2159.25	533.80	2967.14	51.86	63.96	1693.93
104.20	14.35	31.65	36.50	848.30	404.83	1165.69	75.92	65.32	659.03
106.14	14.39	31.62	35.17	1352.02	543.63	1857.88	85.90	66.23	1048.09

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