Abstract: The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is one of the regions with the highest frequency of strong earthquake activity in the Mediterranean-Himalayan seismic belt. Understanding the earthquake-controlling effect of the active tectonic system in this region is crucial for analyzing regional strong earthquake hazard. We conducted an analysis on earthquake activity with Mw≥6.0 since 1990 and their tectonic mechanism around the Tibetan Plateau, focusing on the continental collision-extrusion tectonic system. The results show that the continental collision-extrusion tectonic system of the Tibetan Plateau plays a significant role in governing regional strong earthquake activity. Specifically, Mw≥6.5 earthquakes primarily occur along the main boundary fault zone of this tectonic system, and exhibiting a relatively regular spatio-temporal migration process. Moreover, the multi-layered extrusion-rotation active tectonic system in the eastern Tibetan Plateau constitutes the primary controlling-earthquake structure of the strong earthquake process since 1990, followed by the main Himalayan front thrust fault zone. Therefore, the extrusion tectonic system of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau should be the most noteworthy area for the analysis of the trend of strong earthquake activity in the future, especially the most active Bayan Har extrusion structural unit of the active tectonic system at present. A comparative analysis of strong earthquake activities in and around the Anatolian plate around Turkey shows that there are similar continental collision-extrusion tectonic systems and control-earthquake effects in this area, which indicates that this tectonic system is a typical control-earthquake structure in intracontinental orogenic belt. Further comprehensive analysis suggests that active tectonic system can exert significant control over regional strong earthquake activity. First, most of the strong earthquake events occur in the main boundary fault zone of fault-block in tectonic system. Second, the strong earthquake events along different structural zones in tectonic system often have linkage effect or mutual triggering relationship, and the complex or special structural sites are often the places where double earthquakes or earthquake swarm activities are easy to occur. Thirdly, when a unit or structural belt of tectonic system is during strong deformation stage, strong earthquake clusters will occur. In addition, fully recognizing the coordinated deformation relationship between the main active faults in the tectonic system, the segmented rupture behavior of strong earthquake activity in the active fault zone, and the characteristics of "long period, quasi-periodicity and cluster" of strong earthquake recurrence in situ on the active fault are helpful to analyze the future trend of regional strong earthquake activity according to the active tectonic system. The future risk of strong earthquakes in active fault zones can be determined more accurately.