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基于SAR/InSAR技术的雅鲁藏布江下游高位地质灾害早期识别

赵超英 刘晓杰 高杨 冯晓松

赵超英, 刘晓杰, 高杨, 等, 2022. 基于SAR/InSAR技术的雅鲁藏布江下游高位地质灾害早期识别. 地质力学学报, 28 (6): 981-994. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.20222825
引用本文: 赵超英, 刘晓杰, 高杨, 等, 2022. 基于SAR/InSAR技术的雅鲁藏布江下游高位地质灾害早期识别. 地质力学学报, 28 (6): 981-994. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.20222825
ZHAO Chaoying, LIU Xiaojie, GAO Yang, et al., 2022. Early identification of high-elevation geohazards in the lower Yarlung Zangbo River based on the SAR/InSAR technology. Journal of Geomechanics, 28 (6): 981-994. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.20222825
Citation: ZHAO Chaoying, LIU Xiaojie, GAO Yang, et al., 2022. Early identification of high-elevation geohazards in the lower Yarlung Zangbo River based on the SAR/InSAR technology. Journal of Geomechanics, 28 (6): 981-994. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.20222825

基于SAR/InSAR技术的雅鲁藏布江下游高位地质灾害早期识别

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.20222825
基金项目: 

国家重点研发项目 2022YFC3004302

国家自然科学基金项目 41929001

国家自然科学基金项目 41874005

详细信息
    作者简介:

    赵超英(1976—), 男, 博士, 教授, 主要从事雷达遥感形变监测与地质灾害调查与监测方面的科研与教学工作。E-mail: cyzhao@chd.edu.cn

    通讯作者:

    刘晓杰(1994—), 男, 在读博士, 主要从事雷达遥感滑坡早期识别与监测预报方面的科研工作。E-mail: Xiaojie_Liu_cd@163.com

  • 中图分类号: P694;P237

Early identification of high-elevation geohazards in the lower Yarlung Zangbo River based on the SAR/InSAR technology

Funds: 

the National Key R&D Program of China 2022YFC3004302

the Natural Science Foundation of China 41929001

the Natural Science Foundation of China 41874005

  • 摘要:

    雅鲁藏布江下游位于印度板块和欧亚板块碰撞的前缘地带, 区域内新构造运动活跃, 高山分布众多, 属典型高山深切割区。由于独特的地质构造以及气候变化的影响, 区域内崩塌、滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害频发。文章采用Sentinel-1影像以及ALOS/PALSAR-2影像通过多种时序InSAR技术和SAR偏移量技术联合的方式对区域内2014—2020年高位地质灾害进行了识别。文章研究结果表明: 在研究区内共存在260处地质灾害形变区, 且大多位于海拔较高的沟道与山峰; 泽巴隆巴冰川沟中的岩崩形变体已经形成多条大型拉张裂缝, 一旦发生崩落极有可能形成堰塞湖; 受米林地震影响而复活的达波古滑坡后缘已经完全脱离, 左右两侧裂缝完全贯通, 滑坡一旦失稳会完全堵塞雅鲁藏布江。此研究提供了识别高山峡谷区高位地质灾害的SAR/InSAR技术方法, 为类似的地质灾害识别提供了参考。

     

  • 图  1  研究区位置及所用SAR影像空间覆盖(位置图据公开的SRTM DEM数据绘制)

    Figure  1.  Location of the study area and coverage of SAR images (Location map based on publicly available SRTM DEM data)

    图  2  高山峡谷区高位地质灾害SAR/InSAR识别技术流程图

    Figure  2.  Flow chart of the SAR/InSAR identification technology for high-elevation geohazard in a mountain-valley area

    图  3  大气误差改正前后解缠图

    a—大气误差改正前解缠图;b—大气误差改正后解缠图

    Figure  3.  Unwrapping images before and after the correction of atmospheric error

    (a)Unwrapping images before the correction of atmospheric error; (b)Unwrapping images after the correction of atmospheric error

    图  4  相位解缠误差改正前后解缠图

    a—相位解缠误差改正前;b—相位解缠误差改正后

    Figure  4.  Unwrapping images before and after the correction of phase error

    (a) Unwrapping images before the correction of phase error; (b)Unwrapping images after the correction of phase error

    图  5  米林-墨脱段2017年3月至2020年7月Sentinel-1数据地表形变速率

    负值(红色)表示远离卫星视线方向的变形;正值(蓝色)表示朝着卫星视线方向的变形

    Figure  5.  Surface deformation rate of the Sentinel-1 data from March 2017 to July 2020 for the Milin-Motuo section

    Negative values (red) indicate the deformation away from the LOS direction of the satellite, and positive values (blue) indicate the deformation towards the LOS direction of the satellite

    图  6  米林-墨脱段2014年9月至2020年5月ALOS/PALSAR-2数据地表形变速率

    负值(红色)表示远离卫星视线方向的变形;正值(蓝色)表示朝着卫星视线方向的变形

    Figure  6.  Surface deformation rate of the ALOS/PALSAR-2 data from September 2014 to May 2020 for the Milin-Motuo section

    Negative values (red) indicate the deformation away from the LOS direction of the satellite, positive values (blue) indicate the deformation towards the LOS direction of the satellite

    图  7  米林-墨脱段地质灾害编目图

    Figure  7.  Catalogued map of geohazards in the Milin-Metuo section

    图  8  距离雅鲁藏布江不同距离地质灾害分布

    Figure  8.  Distribution of geohazards at different distances from the Yarlung Zangbo River

    图  9  距离雅鲁藏布江不同距离地质灾害分布统计

    Figure  9.  Distribution statistics of geohazards at different distances from the Yarlung Zangbo River

    图  10  探测大冰川运动位置分布

    Figure  10.  Location distribution of detected large glacier movements

    图  11  培龙贡支大冰川2019年8月29日至2019年9月29日方位向与视线向二维地表形变

    a—培龙贡支大冰川方位向形变;b—培龙贡支大冰川视线向形变

    Figure  11.  Two dimensional azimuthal and LOS deformation of the Peilonggongzhi Glacier from August 29, 2019 to September 29, 2019

    (a)Azimuthal deformation of the Peilonggongzhi Glacier; (b)LOS deformation of the Peilonggongzhi Glacier

    图  12  果登冰川2020年1月至2020年4月南北向与东西向形变

    a—果登冰川南北向形变;b—果登冰川东西向形变

    Figure  12.  North-south and east-west deformation of the Guodeng Glacier from January 2020 to April 2020

    (a)North-south deformation of the Guodeng Glacier; (b)East-west deformation of the Guodeng Glacier

    图  13  泽巴隆巴沟岩崩危险隐患点2016年6月15日至2018年3月7日方位向与视线向二维形变

    a—泽巴隆巴沟岩崩危险隐患点方位向形变;b—泽巴隆巴沟岩崩危险隐患点视线向形变

    Figure  13.  Two-dimensional azimuthal and LOS deformation from June 15, 2016 to March 7, 2018 at the rock avalanche potential sites in the Zebalongba gorge

    (a)Azimuthal deformation at the rock avalanche potential sites in the Zebalongba gorge; (b)LOS deformation at the rock avalanche potential sites in the Zebalongba gorge

    图  14  靠近雅鲁藏布江部分典型滑坡光学遥感影像

    红色曲线表示滑坡边界

    Figure  14.  Optical remote sensing images of typical landslides near the Yarlung Zangbo River

    Red curves indicate the landslide boundary

    图  15  达波滑坡2016年6月15日至2018年3月7日方位向与视线向二维形变

    a—达波滑坡方位向形变;b—达波滑坡视线向形变

    Figure  15.  Two-dimensional azimuthal and LOS deformation of the Dapo landslide from June 15, 2016 to March 7, 2018

    (a)Azimuthal deformation of the Dapo landslide; (b)LOS deformation of the Dapo landslide

    表  1  所用SAR数据基本参数

    Table  1.   Fundamental parameters for SAR images used in this study

    传感器 波长 飞行方向 数量 覆盖时间 轨道号
    Sentinel-1 C 升轨 284 20170316—20200729 143、70、172
    ALOS/PALSAR-2 L 升轨 111 20140908—20200507 151、152
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  17处滑坡详细信息

    Table  2.   Detailed information of 17 landslides

    名称 纬度/(°) 经度/(°) 长度/m 宽度/m
    1# 29.786468 95.152247 963 371
    2# 29.793564 95.149608 355 300
    3# 29.796444 95.146486 371 323
    4# 29.803274 95.141786 167 180
    达波 29.870677 95.148463 1054 1089
    巴玉 29.843294 95.240246 2181 460
    落古#1 29.774817 95.250962 1151 708
    落古#2 29.773159 95.241469 394 597
    甘登#1 29.722749 95.302412 1127 565
    甘登#2 29.716898 95.293642 702 143
    龙列 29.706122 95.341190 462 322
    更帮 29.672205 95.351797 799 316
    根登 29.602529 95.359356 382 256
    帮辛 29.580460 95.372772 179 187
    宗荣 29.570525 95.308290 1254 449
    #5 28.626808 95.012731 657 793
    #6 28.369373 95.065375 594 915
    注:表中滑坡的名称基于地名命名,部分未命名原因是由于其分布在无人区;滑坡的长宽基于InSAR测量的形变区域而确定。
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2022-08-20
  • 修回日期:  2022-10-14

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