隐伏地裂缝扩展的大型原位浸水试验研究

汪丽; 李新生; 李同录

doi:10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.03.038

隐伏地裂缝扩展的大型原位浸水试验研究

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.03.038

1.
西安航空学院能源与建筑学院, 陕西西安 710077
2.
长安大学地质工程与测绘学院, 陕西西安 710054

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 41772278

校级自然科学基金资助项目 2018KY1115

详细信息

作者简介:
汪丽(1978-), 女, 硕士, 讲师, 主要从事地质灾害研究。E-mail:120771691@qq.com

中图分类号: P642.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 287
- HTML全文浏览量: 99
- PDF下载量: 10
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-01-18
- 修回日期: 2019-03-14
- 刊出日期: 2019-06-01

LARGE-SCALE IN-SITU SUBMERGING EXPERIMENT ON BURIED GROUND-FISSURES EXPANSION

1.
School of Energy and Architecture, Xi'an aerotechnical college, Xi'an 710077, Shannxi, China
2.
School of Geological and Surveying Engineering, Chang'an university, Xi'an 710054, Shannxi, China

摘要

摘要: 隐伏构造地裂缝具有潜在的灾害效应和扩展的随机性，地表水是诱发隐伏地裂缝扩展的因素之一。文章基于野外调查资料，定性分析了地表水对隐伏地裂缝扩展效应的水压作用及黄土湿陷作用机理，在此基础上选取西安曲江新区隐伏地裂缝黄土场地开展了大型原位现场浸水模拟试验。通过沉降观测、数据分析和数值模拟，得出水压作用是诱发隐伏裂缝扩展的辅助因素，因黄土湿陷作用在裂缝两侧形成的差异沉降是主要诱因，靠近隐伏地裂缝的区域沉降量最大，距离裂缝越远沉降量越小，整体呈现抛物线形的沉降模式，验证了地表水诱发浅表层黄土隐伏裂缝扩展的作用机理。相关认识对于研究隐伏构造地裂缝的扩展机理以及防治工作具有重要的指导意义。
- 地裂缝 /
- 地表水 /
- 隐伏构造 /
- 扩展机理 /
- 浸水试验
Abstract: Buried ground-fissrues have the potential disaster effects and the randomness of expansion, and surface water is one of the factors that induce the expansion of buried ground-fissrues. Based on field investigation data, two main expansion mechanisms, hydraulic pressure and the loess collapsibility, were qualitatively analyzed. On the basis of this theory, a buried ground-fissures site in Xi'an loess area of Qujiang New District was selected to simulate surface water submerging the ground-fissures. Through the settlement observation, data analysis and numerical simulation, it is concluded that hydraulic pressure is the auxiliary factor that induce the expansion of the buried ground-fissrues, while the differential settlement caused by loess collapsibility on both sides of the ground-fissrues is the main cause. The regional settlement near the buried ground-fissrues is the largest, and the further away from the fissure, the smaller the settlement is. The settlement curve takes on a parabolic pattern, which affirms the ground-fissuers expansion mechanism induced by surface water in shallow loess area. Relevant studies have important significance that will guide us to reveal the expansion mechanism of buried ground-fissures and to control the expansion.
- ground-fissures /
- surface water /
- buried structure /
- expansion mechanism /
- submerging experiment
注释:

责任编辑:范二平

HTML全文

图 1 典型隐伏地裂缝剖面图^[9]

Figure 1. Profiles of typical buried ground-fissures^[9]

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图 2 隐伏地裂缝扩展力学分析示意图

σ_w—水压力，σ_a—土压力；σ_a1—隐伏地裂缝以上的土压力；σ_a2—隐伏地裂缝以下的土压力

Figure 2. Mechanical analysis diagram of buried ground-fissures

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图 3 现场原位试验探槽剖面图

Figure 3. Profiles of in-situ exploratory trench

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图 4 试验区域地裂缝及试坑平面图

Figure 4. Plane of ground fissure and foundation pit in the test area

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图 5 试坑观测点平面布置图

Figure 5. Plane of observation points in the foundation pit

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图 6 试验场地地裂缝出露

Figure 6. Ground fissure exposed on the spot

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图 7 各列测点的平均沉降量随时间变化曲线图

Figure 7. Average settlement curves of each column of measuring points over time

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图 8 第3列标点沉降量随时间变化曲线图

Figure 8. Settlement curves of the third column over time

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图 9 试坑沉降变形等值线图

Figure 9. Contour map of the foundation settlement

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图 10 模型平面示意图

Figure 10. Schematic diagram of the model plane

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图 11 模拟地面沉降变形图

Figure 11. Diagram of simulated ground settlement deformation

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图 12 垂直裂缝点累积沉降量曲线与数值模拟对比图

Figure 12. Curves of settlement between the measured and the numerical

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图 13 地裂缝扩展示意图

Figure 13. Diagrammatic sketch of the ground fracture expansion

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表 1 试验场地土体物理性质指标

Table 1. Index of physical property of soils in the test area

取土深度/m	土样比重/(kN/m³)	孔隙比/%	浸水前		停水当天		裂缝出露当天
取土深度/m	土样比重/(kN/m³)	孔隙比/%	含水率/%	饱和度/%	含水率/%	饱和度/%	含水率/%	饱和度/%
1.0	2.72	1.003	0.19	51.5	0.27	73.2	0.21	56.9
2.0	2.72	1.112	0.20	48.9	0.33	80.7	0.24	58.7
3.0	2.72	0.999	0.22	59.9	0.34	92.6	0.27	73.5
4.0	2.72	0.996	0.22	60.1	0.32	87.4	0.25	68.3
5.0	2.72	1.008	0.21	56.7	0.29	78.3	0.23	62.1
6.0	2.72	1.148	0.21	49.8	0.27	64.0	0.24	56.9

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表 2 自重湿陷量计算值与分层沉降值

Table 2. Calculation of collapse and settlement of layer

起止深度/mm	自重湿陷		分层沉降/mm
起止深度/mm	分层自重湿陷系数δ_ZSi	分层湿陷量：Δ_ZSi/mm	上盘	下盘
2.5~4.0	0.028	37.8	4.3	4.1
4.0~5.5	0.021	28.4	4.2	3.9
5.5~7.0	0.024	32.4	5.4	5.0
7.0~8.0	0.018	16.2	2.9	2.4

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表 3 土体参数取值

Table 3. Parameters of the soil

土体状态	容重/(kN/m³)	粘聚力/kPa	内摩擦角φ/(°)	弹性模量/MPa
饱和	16	39	23	100
自然	18	10	15	2

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