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流体构造动力学与成矿作用

徐兴旺 牛磊 洪涛 柯强 李杭 王学海

徐兴旺, 牛磊, 洪涛, 等, 2019. 流体构造动力学与成矿作用. 地质力学学报, 25 (1): 1-8. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.01.001
引用本文: 徐兴旺, 牛磊, 洪涛, 等, 2019. 流体构造动力学与成矿作用. 地质力学学报, 25 (1): 1-8. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.01.001
XU Xingwang, NIU Lei, HONG Tao, et al., 2019. TECTONIC DYNAMICS OF FLUIDS AND METALLOGENESIS. Journal of Geomechanics, 25 (1): 1-8. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.01.001
Citation: XU Xingwang, NIU Lei, HONG Tao, et al., 2019. TECTONIC DYNAMICS OF FLUIDS AND METALLOGENESIS. Journal of Geomechanics, 25 (1): 1-8. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.01.001

流体构造动力学与成矿作用

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.01.001
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金项目 41672088

国家深地资源勘查开采专项 2017YFC0601201

国家自然科学基金重大项目 41390442

详细信息
    作者简介:

    徐兴旺(1966-), 男, 博士, 研究员, 主要从事流体构造动力学与成矿研究。E-mail:xuxw@mail.iggcas.ac.cn

  • 中图分类号: P541

TECTONIC DYNAMICS OF FLUIDS AND METALLOGENESIS

  • 摘要: 流体是地球的重要物质组成,其构造作用与动力学是地质力学与构造学重要的研究方向。流体构造动力学是介于流体地质学、地质力学和构造地质学之间的一个交叉学科。文章介绍了流体构造动力学的概念、主要研究内容、流体的构造作用方式及构造类型与特征,总结了近年来在流体构造动力学与成矿研究过程中取得的一系列重要进展。主要有提出液压致裂的新动力学机制、发现斑晶堆积构造并指出斑岩是岩浆房中部分结晶残余岩浆再侵位的产物及发现并厘定构造混积岩等多个方面,总结了存在的问题并指出了进一步研究的方向;指出流体作为构造作用的主要参与者和重要组织者,不仅对成矿流体的运移通道及其沉淀与就位的空间进行开拓,更重要的是作为载体运移、富集成矿元素并为最终成矿奠定基础。

     

  • 图  1  流体的构造作用方式示意图

    a—当张应力(Δσ)大于岩石的抗张强度(T)时,岩石破裂; b—流体的运动形成变形(断裂)构造; c—流体及流体压力直接影响和促进岩石的变形(岩石角砾化); d—流体与岩石矿物相互作用时,形成定向的片状矿物

    Figure  1.  Schematic diagram of structural action mode of the fluids

    图  2  流体的构造类型与特征照片

    a—甘肃白银厂折腰山铜矿床隐爆角砾岩体顶部石英角斑质片岩中的硅质流体与破裂;b—甘肃白银厂折腰山铜矿床隐爆角砾岩体上部棱角状角砾岩;c—滇西北衙金矿区斑岩岩浆侵位于湖相沉积物中形成的混积构造;d—川西攀枝花钒钛磁铁矿床中辉长岩浆与碳酸盐熔体混合形成的包卷构造;e—滇西占河一长石斑岩中更长石的堆积构造[20];f—阿尔金吐格曼花岗岩体中的层状构造,晚期(上部)层状花岗岩对早期(下部)层状花岗岩有明显的截切特征

    Figure  2.  Photographs showing structural types and characteristics of the fluids

    图  3  圈闭液体对弹性应力的传递与转换机制示意图

    σV—垂向应力; σH1—水平应力1; σH2—水平应力2; σmc—来自周围岩石的最大挤压应力; Pma—密闭流体受到的最大外加压力; P—压力; Pl—液体压力; σit—环向张应力; σrt—接触面液体产生的切向张应力; σrn—围岩应力; Δσt—有效切向张应力; T—抗张强度

    Figure  3.  Schematic diagram of transfer and transformation mechanism of trapped liquids to elastic stress

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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2018-11-20
  • 修回日期:  2018-12-16
  • 刊出日期:  2019-02-01

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