流体构造动力学与成矿作用

徐兴旺; 牛磊; 洪涛; 柯强; 李杭; 王学海

doi:10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.01.001

流体构造动力学与成矿作用

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.01.001

徐兴旺^{1, 2, 3,},
牛磊^{1, 2, 3},
洪涛^{1, 2, 3},
柯强^{1, 2, 3},
李杭^{1, 2, 3},
王学海^{1, 2, 3}

1.
中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所中国科学院矿产资源研究重点实验室, 北京 100029
2.
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
3.
中国科学院地球科学研究院, 北京 100029

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 41672088

国家深地资源勘查开采专项 2017YFC0601201

国家自然科学基金重大项目 41390442

详细信息

作者简介:
徐兴旺(1966-), 男, 博士, 研究员, 主要从事流体构造动力学与成矿研究。E-mail:xuxw@mail.iggcas.ac.cn

中图分类号: P541
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- 文章访问数: 153
- HTML全文浏览量: 83
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-11-20
- 修回日期: 2018-12-16
- 刊出日期: 2019-02-28

TECTONIC DYNAMICS OF FLUIDS AND METALLOGENESIS

XU Xingwang^{1, 2, 3
,},
NIU Lei^{1, 2, 3},
HONG Tao^{1, 2, 3},
KE Qiang^{1, 2, 3},
LI Hang^{1, 2, 3},
WANG Xuehai^{1, 2, 3}

1.
Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3.
Institutions of Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China

摘要

摘要: 流体是地球的重要物质组成，其构造作用与动力学是地质力学与构造学重要的研究方向。流体构造动力学是介于流体地质学、地质力学和构造地质学之间的一个交叉学科。文章介绍了流体构造动力学的概念、主要研究内容、流体的构造作用方式及构造类型与特征，总结了近年来在流体构造动力学与成矿研究过程中取得的一系列重要进展。主要有提出液压致裂的新动力学机制、发现斑晶堆积构造并指出斑岩是岩浆房中部分结晶残余岩浆再侵位的产物及发现并厘定构造混积岩等多个方面，总结了存在的问题并指出了进一步研究的方向；指出流体作为构造作用的主要参与者和重要组织者，不仅对成矿流体的运移通道及其沉淀与就位的空间进行开拓，更重要的是作为载体运移、富集成矿元素并为最终成矿奠定基础。
- 流体 /
- 构造动力学 /
- 成矿作用
Abstract: Fluid is an important constitute of the earth, and tectonics and dynamics of fluids are major research branches of geomechanics and tectonics. Tectonic dynamics of fluids is a new interdisplinary subject among fluid geology, geomechanics and structural geology. This contribution introduces the concept and the framework of the subject of tectonic dynamics of fluids. In addition, it summarizes a series of important advances in the study of tectonic dynamics of fluids and metallogenesis in recent years, including coming up with the new mechanics for fracture caused by hydraulic pressure, discovering the porphyry accumulation structure, indicating porphyry as the product of reemplacement of some crystallized residual magma in magma chamber, discovering and determining tectonic peperite, and so on. Moreover, some new research advances are also presented here. Finally, some key scientific questions are pointed out. It is concluded that fluids not only create fractures and spaces for ore-forming fluids to be transported and to precipitate but also transport and enrich ore-forming elements, thus laying a foundation for the final formation of ore deposits.
- fluid /
- tectonic dynamics /
- metallogenesis
注释:

责任编辑：吴芳

HTML全文

图 1 流体的构造作用方式示意图

a—当张应力（Δσ）大于岩石的抗张强度（T）时，岩石破裂; b—流体的运动形成变形（断裂）构造; c—流体及流体压力直接影响和促进岩石的变形（岩石角砾化）; d—流体与岩石矿物相互作用时，形成定向的片状矿物

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of structural action mode of the fluids

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 流体的构造类型与特征照片

a—甘肃白银厂折腰山铜矿床隐爆角砾岩体顶部石英角斑质片岩中的硅质流体与破裂；b—甘肃白银厂折腰山铜矿床隐爆角砾岩体上部棱角状角砾岩；c—滇西北衙金矿区斑岩岩浆侵位于湖相沉积物中形成的混积构造；d—川西攀枝花钒钛磁铁矿床中辉长岩浆与碳酸盐熔体混合形成的包卷构造；e—滇西占河一长石斑岩中更长石的堆积构造^[20]；f—阿尔金吐格曼花岗岩体中的层状构造，晚期（上部）层状花岗岩对早期（下部）层状花岗岩有明显的截切特征

Figure 2. Photographs showing structural types and characteristics of the fluids

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 圈闭液体对弹性应力的传递与转换机制示意图

σ_V—垂向应力; σ_H1—水平应力1; σ_H2—水平应力2; σ_mc—来自周围岩石的最大挤压应力; P_ma—密闭流体受到的最大外加压力; P—压力; P_l—液体压力; σ_it—环向张应力; σ_rt—接触面液体产生的切向张应力; σ_rn—围岩应力; Δσ_t—有效切向张应力; T—抗张强度

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of transfer and transformation mechanism of trapped liquids to elastic stress

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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