STUDY OF DISASTER-INDUCING GEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF COLLAPSE AND LANDSLIDE ALONG LULANG-TONGMAI IN SE TIBET
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摘要: 藏东南的喜马拉雅东构造结地区作为青藏高原隆升最快的地区之一，其复杂的地质背景条件决定了该区工程地质问题具有复杂性和特殊性，并孕育了多种地质灾害。利用测窗、节理裂隙分期配套等野外调查方法以及遥感影像解译，分析总结了藏东南地区鲁朗至通麦不同区段崩塌滑坡地质灾害的孕灾地质背景，据此将研究区划分为四段，分别为鲁朗-东久段、东久-拉月段、拉月-排龙段、排龙-通麦段，每一区段分别对应了不同的孕灾地质条件特征，由此也决定了区段内崩滑地质灾害的性质、变形破坏模式、规模。相关成果可用于藏东南崩塌滑坡地质灾害的早期识别和风险评价。Abstract: Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis, as one of the fastest uplifting region in Tibetan Plateau, its complex geological environment determines that the engineering geological problems have complexity and particularity and give birth to a variety of geo-hazards. Based on the survey results of the project "Geo-hazards investigation in main towns and major highways in SE Tibet", the geological conditions of landslides along Lulang-Tongmai were analyzed. According to the analysis, the study area could be divided into four sections, respectively, which are Lulang-Dongjiu section, Dongjiu-Layue section, Layue-Pailong section, Pailong-Tongmai section. Each section corresponds to different disaster-inducing geological conditions, which determines the nature, deformation and failure mode and scale of landslide in the section. The conclusion could be used in risk assessment and early identification of landslides in SE Tibet.
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图 1 喜马拉雅东构造结区域地质、历史地震图[4]
Ⅰ—拉萨地体；Ⅱ—雅鲁藏布江缝合带；Ⅲ—喜马拉雅东构造结；1—念青唐古拉变质岩系；2—冈底斯花岗岩带；3—古生代岩石；4—雅鲁藏布江蛇绿混杂岩带；5—直白组高压麻粒相带；6—派乡组角闪岩相变质岩；7—多雄拉组混合岩化角闪岩相变质岩；8—拆离断裂；9—逆冲断裂；10—左行走滑断裂；11—右行走滑断裂；12—面理产状；13—里氏6.0~7.0级地震；14—大于里氏7.0级地震；15—11.18米林6.9级地震震中
Figure 1. Regional geology and historical earthquake distribution of Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis[4]
图 2 鲁朗—东久—通麦研究区地质简图
F1—鲁朗—东久左行走滑剪切带；F2—东久—排龙韧性逆冲剪切带；F3—通灯—通麦左行走滑断裂；P1—鲁朗—东久灾害地质剖面；P2—东久—拉月灾害地质剖面；P3—拉月—排龙灾害地质剖面；P4—排龙—通麦灾害地质剖面
Figure 2. Simplified geologic map of Lulang-Dongjiu-Tongmai area
图 4 鲁朗—东久段主要地质灾害
a-鲁朗河西侧边坡表层溜滑; b-鲁朗河东侧河流切坡诱发形成的土质滑坡
Figure 4. Major geo-hazards in Lulang-Dongjiu section
图 5 东久—拉月段典型斜坡结构及节理特征图
a-东久-拉月段野外典型斜坡结构; b-东久-拉月段边坡节理赤平投影（红色线条为斜坡投影$ 黑色线条为节理投影）
Figure 5. Typical ramp structure and joint stereographic projection in Dongjiu-Layue section
图 7 拉月—排龙段典型斜坡结构及节理特征图
a-拉月-排龙段野外典型斜坡结构; b-拉月-排龙边坡节理赤平投影（红色线条为斜坡投影$ 黑色线条为节理投影）
Figure 7. Typical ramp structure and joint stereographic projection in Layue-Pailong section
图 9 排龙—通麦段典型斜坡结构及节理特征图
a-排龙-通麦段野外典型斜坡结构; b-排龙-通麦边坡节理赤平投影（红色线条为斜坡投影$ 黑色线条为结构面投影）
Figure 9. Typical ramp structure and joint stereographic projection in Layue-Tongmai section
表 1 鲁朗—通麦崩滑地质灾害类型、孕灾地质条件对比
Table 1. Contrastive analysis of the geologic conditions and disaster-inducing features along Lulang-Tongmai
区段名称 崩滑灾害类型及规模 岩性组合 斜坡结构 变形破坏模式 鲁朗—东久段 小型土质滑坡 高陡边坡坡脚的坡积物 类均质土质斜坡 蠕滑—拉裂式 东久—拉月段 小型崩塌 节理裂隙发育的块状变质岩 类反向坡 倾倒、拉裂式 拉月—排龙段 大型—特大型岩质滑坡 节理裂隙发育的块状变质岩 类顺向坡 滑移—拉裂式 排龙—通麦段 小—中型崩塌 节理裂隙发育的块状变质岩 类横向坡 倾倒、拉裂式 
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