RESEARCH ON GROUND STRESS DISTRIBUTION RULES OF DEEP TIGHT VOLCANIC ROCK RESERVOIRS IN THE HUOSHILING FORMATION, XUJIAWEIZI FAULT DEPRESSION
-
摘要: 徐家围子断陷位于松辽盆地北部，其深层中生代火石岭组为致密火山岩气藏，天然裂缝发育，地应力分布非均质性强。结合诱导裂缝法与井径崩落法进行单井现今地应力方向分析，利用声波测井法计算现今地应力大小的纵向分布。依据火石岭组构造顶底面图、火山岩相组及断层分布特征建立非均质三维地质模型；在动、静态岩石物理参数拟合校正的基础上，结合实验测试及已有研究成果，确定不同岩相组和断层岩石物理参数，建立三维力学模型；利用Ansys有限元数值模拟软件建立火石岭组三维数学模型并进行相关运算获得三维现今地应力分布模型。计算结果表明在火石岭组地层中，水平最大主应力方向主要为东西向，应力值范围在86~110 MPa；水平最小主应力方向主要为南北向，应力值范围在67~84 MPa。分析模拟结果可知火山岩相、断层和构造起伏三者对火石岭组现今地应力分布影响较大。其中水平主应力的方向主要受断层和近火山口相分布的影响，而水平主应力的大小则是受三者综合作用。在构造低部位，近火山口相组发育处，断层上盘及断层端部皆为主应力的集中区域。依据现今地应力研究成果可为徐家围子断陷下一步开发井网部署、压裂改造方案和水平井的设计以及注水管理提供重要指导。Abstract: The XujiaweiziFault Depression is located in the north of the Songliao basin, and its deep Mesozoic Huoshiling formation is a dense volcanic gas reservoir with natural fracture development and strong heterogeneity of the stress distribution. The present ground stress orientation of single well is analyzed by induced fracture method and well diameter caving method, and the longitudinal distribution of present ground stress is calculated by acoustic logging method.The heterogeneous three-dimensional geological model is established according to the top-and-bottom surface maps, volcanic facies groups and fault distribution characteristics of the Huoshiling Formation. Based on the fitting and correction of dynamic and static rock physical parameters, the physical parameters of different lithofacies groups and fault rocks are determined in combination with experimental tests and existing research results, and the three-dimensional mechanical model is established. Ansys finite element numerical simulation software is used to establish the three-dimensional mathematical model of the Huoshiling Formation and to obtain the three-dimensional present ground stress distribution model by correlative calculation.The calculated results show that in the Huoshiling Formation the preferred orientation of the maximum horizontal principal stress is EW, with the stress values range from 86 to 110 MPa, and the minimum horizontal principal stress preferred orientation is SN, with the stress values range from 67 to 84 MPa. The simulation results show that the volcanic facies, characteristics of faults and structural relief have great influences on the present ground stress of the Huoshiling Formation, Xujiaweizi Fault Depression. Among them the horizontal principal stress orientation is greatly affected by the distribution of faults and the near-crater facies, while the value of the horizontal principal stress is controlled by them three. The horizontal stress in the lower position of the depression, the near crater facies and the fault ends are high.The results of present ground stress can provide important guidance for the next-stage of well networks arrangement, fracturing reformation scheme, horizontal well design and water injection management in the Xujiaweizi Fault Depression.
-
0. 前言
近年来, 随着软土地区工程建设的迅速发展, 饱和土的物理力学特性研究受到了工程地质和岩土工程界的极大关注, 国内一些地区在软土工程特性研究方面取得了不少进展[1]。作者以云南大理洱海东缘的早全新世软粘土为例, 较系统地测试分析了软粘土的工程地质特性, 并对洱海东缘软粘土各基本物理力学性质指标之间的相关关系进行了分析, 结果不仅可用于软土力学性质指标的估算, 而且对于指导软粘土工程问题的处理具有较大的实际意义。
1. 洱海东缘软粘土的分布特征
洱海位于云南省大理市, 是滇西最大的断陷湖泊, 长42km, 宽最大9km, 湖面海拔1974m, 湖水面积约249. 8km2[2], 属澜沧江水系。洱海西邻前寒武纪板岩和大理岩构成点苍山, 东部为晚古生代的石灰岩低山丘陵, 北测为入口, 向南为西洱河, 是一个开放的湖泊水系。
根据前人研究成果[3], 洱海盆地于始新世开始断陷接受沉积。晚更新世时气候寒冷, 大理冰期来临, 来自西侧点苍山的山岳冰川产生强烈的刨蚀作用, 造成河流堵塞。进入早全新世时, 气候发生变化、温度上升, 洱海水泛滥, 平均水位达海拔2160m, 形成大量河湖相或河湖-沼泽相沉积。全新世中期, 全区持续上升, 湖水大面积干涸或范围缩小, 水位下降到海拔2000m左右[4, 5]。全新世晚近时期, 区内湖泊进一步缩小或干涸, 洱海目前的水位是1974m。随着洱海水位不断下降, 湖泊面积逐渐缩小, 原湖泊近岸水面下的沉积地层出露水面, 即洱海软粘土主要分布在洱海断陷湖的周缘。经孢粉分析和14C年龄测定, 洱海边缘的软粘土主要是近一万年全新世以来的沉积[6]。
图 1 洱海周缘软土分布示意图1.软土分布区; 2.点苍山; 3.水系; 4.取样点; 5.断层; 6.滇藏铁路;
①点苍山山前断裂, ②海东断裂, ③福寿场-江尾断裂; ④周城-清水断裂带; ⑤西洱河断裂Figure 1. Distribution of soft clay around Erhai Lake2. 洱海东缘软粘土的物质组成和物化性质
2.1 粒度组成
根据移液管全分散法粒度分析结果(表 1), 洱海东缘软粘土具有高分散性, 砂粒含量极低, 主要由粉粒和粘粒组成, d＜5μm的粘粒含量大部分在35 %以上, 最高达60. 32 %。
表 1 洱海东缘软粘土物质组成及物理化学活性测试结果Table 1. Analysis of the composition and phy sicochemical activity of soft clay on the east bank of Erhai Lake
2.2 粘土矿物
粘土矿物定量测试结果表明, 洱海东缘软粘土的主要粘土矿物成分为单矿物蒙脱石(S)(图 2), 占粘土矿物总量的80 ~ 81 %, 次要粘土矿物为高岭石(K), 占16 %~ 17 %, 伊利石(I)仅占2 %~ 4 % (表 2)。洱海富Mg2+的水体环境和周边大量蒙脱石化蚀变岩的分布是形成大量蒙脱石的原因[7]。
图 2 洱海东缘软粘土＜2μm粒组X-射线衍射曲线1-天然样品; 2-乙二醇处理样品; 3-550℃加热处理样品Figure 2. Oriented X-ray diffractograms of the ＜2μm clay fraction of soft clay on the east bank of Erhai Lake表 2 洱海东缘软粘土矿物成分定量测试结果Table 2. Quantitative analysis of the mineral composition of soft clay on the east bank of Erhai Lake
2.3 物理化学活性
比表面积指标可以较好地反映粘性土的物理化学活性。采用乙二醇乙醚吸附法测定结果表明, 洱海软粘土的比表面积为176. 78 ~ 448. 23m2 g, 平均值299. 32m2 g, 说明其物理活性较高。
2.4 软粘土孔隙溶液的化学成分
洱海东缘软粘土为淡水湖相沉积, 采用土水比1: 5悬浮液测得样品的pH值为6. 23 ~ 7. 9 (表 3), 基本属中性。洱海软粘土的含盐量通常小于100mg 100g, 个别地点因有机质大量聚集, 引起局部含盐量升高(主要为SO42-)。孔隙溶液的主要阳离子及粘土矿物表面可交换性阳离子都是以Ca2+为主, 不存在高浓度Cl--Na+引起的絮凝作用, 因而粘土矿物物理化学活性强、交换量高。交换性Ca2+引起的粘土颗粒絮凝作用和双电层压缩明显, 造成粘土结构强度高、粘聚力增大、压缩性降低。
表 3 洱海东缘软粘土水提取液化学分析结果Table 3. Chemical analysis of extracting water from soft clay on the east bank of Erhai Lake
3. 洱海东缘软粘土的工程地质特性
3.1 洱海东缘软粘土工程特性的测试结果
根据洱海东缘软粘土的实验结果(表 4), 软粘土的工程地质特性主要表现在以下方面:
表 4 洱海东缘软粘土的工程特性统计结果Table 4. Statistical results of engineering properties of soft clay on the east bank of Erhai Lake
(1) 含水量较高。含水量一般在40 %~ 65 %之间, 最高可达104 %, 平均值为57. 08 %, 接近于液限, 几乎处于饱和状态。
(2) 天然孔隙比大。孔隙比一般在0. 64 ~ 2. 63之间, 平均值为1. 49。
(3) 压缩性大。软粘土压缩系数为0. 23 ~ 2. 21MPa-1, 平均值0. 88MPa-1;压缩模量一般为1. 45 ~ 5. 63MPa, 平均值3. 14MPa。数据统计表明, 其中有14 %的软粘土为中等压缩性, 86 %为高压缩性, 说明洱海软粘土虽以高压缩性为主, 但中压缩性仍占有一定比例, 说明这部分软粘土已经发生了一定程度的固结。
(4) 高塑性。液限多在45 %以上, 最高达101. 3 %, 平均值为58. 17 %; 塑限多大于25 %, 最高近61 %, 平均值约31. 4 %; 塑性指数的平均值绝大多数大于20 %。总体上, 洱海早全新世软粘土属于高塑性粘土。
(5) 强度低。天然不排水快剪抗剪强度平均值只有29. 71kPa, 按照25kPa限, 超出软粘土范围; 按照布朗40kPa标准则为中等软粘土。表明土体抵抗剪切变形的能力差。
(6) 固结系数小。该区软粘土固结系数一般在0. 11 ~ 4. 42cm2/s之间, 平均值为1. 08 cm2/s, 说明该区软土完成固结沉降需要较长时间, 这对施工工期影响很大。
(7) 透水性弱。低渗透性是软粘土的共同属性, 其渗透性大小随粘粒含量和塑性指数的增高而降低, 洱海软粘土渗透系数最低0. 04 ×10-7 cm/s, 高者达4. 17 ×10-7 cm/s, 一般为0. 30 ~ 0. 60 ×10-7cm/s, 平均值0. 39 ×10-7 cm/s; 表明软土的排水固结不好, 对排水固结不利。
3.2 洱海东缘软粘土的固结性分析
洱海东缘软粘土沉积年代较短, 固结程度低, 淤泥及淤泥质粘土呈絮状结构, 具有发育的孔隙, 因而压缩性大。鉴别天然粘土沉积是否属于正常固结的方法有很多种, Skempton (1970)建议采用以下两种方法[8] :
(1) 用Casagrande图解法从压缩实验求得先期固结压力σ′vo; 即延长e-logσ′v曲线的原始直线部分与通过原位孔隙比e0的水平线相交得出下限σ′vc(min)。如果σ′vo夹在σ′vc和σ′vc(min)之间, 则粘土是正常固结的。
(2) 根据Su/σ′vo与深度的关系判断(Su是不排水抗剪强度, 根据粘聚力和内摩擦角由公式τ=c+σtanθ计算而得)。如果各点近似落在一条直线上, 即如果不排水抗剪强度随着有效覆盖压力成比例增加, 则认为粘土是正常固结的。
对洱海东缘软粘土固结性采用第二种方法进行分析。根据室内实验结果(图 3), 抗剪强度与有效应力之比(Su/σ′vo)随深度出现两种不同的变化变化规律。从地表到大致10m左右的深度, Su/σ′vo随深度呈现对数变化规律, 对其进行回归分析, 可以看出有明显的相关性, 相关系数为0. 91。相关关系可以表示如下:
图 3 洱海东缘早全新世软粘土工程特性Figure 3. Engineering properties of early Holocene soft clay on the east bank of Erhai Lake
(1) 根据Skempton建议采用的方法判断, 表明表层软粘土并非正常固结, 而是出现超固结现象。从图 3中含水量、容重、不排水抗剪强度随深度变化情况也可以证明这一点。在表层(约0 ~ 10m)天然含水量随深度而增大, 容重、不排水抗剪强度随深度而减少。
初步分析认为, 出现这种现象主要是受大气的影响。在特定的气候条件下(主要是干旱气候条件), 蒸发量大于降水量, 同时伴随着地下水位也降低。湖面退缩, 湖相沉积地层出露水面而暴露在空气中, 由于蒸发失水, 致使土层干燥, 同时地下水位下降, 有效应力增加, 产生土体固结, 孔隙比减少, 出现并非仅在自身重力作用下的固结过程, 即超固结过程。这类在历史上曾经受到的最大压力大于目前承受的有效应力的粘土称之为超固结粘土。地表土而后经过雨水的淋滤及不断的物理化学变化, 形成不同于下部, 但与下部土层成渐变的硬壳层, 这个硬壳层表现出液性指数与含水量小、抗剪强度大的工程特性[9]。
3.3 洱海东缘软粘土物理力学指标相关性分析
实际工程中经常建立土体物理力学性质指标之间的相互关系式, 从而根据容易测定的物理性质指标估算难以准确测定的力学性质指标, 以供工程应用参考。采用线性回归方法, 对洱海东缘早全新世软粘土的主要物理力学性质指标之间的相关关系进行统计分析。
对洱海东缘软粘土的114组实验数据进行了变异性分析(表 5)。分析结果表明, 物理指标的变异系数一般小于力学指标的变异系数。在物理指标中, 容重的变异系数最小, 力学指标的变异系数一般都比较大。力学指标变异性稍大, 出现较大的波动, 这主要是由于包括取样、进行力学实验时, 由于仪器或人为因素影响而出现较大的差异性。其本身并不反映当地软土力学指标具有明显的地区性差异, 所以分布于洱海东缘湖泊岸过渡带的软土, 在物理和力学指标上基本一致。
表 5 洱海东缘早全新世软粘土测试数据变异性分析Table 5. Variability analysis of test data of early Holocene soft clay on the east bank of Erhai Lake
对洱海东缘软粘土物理力学指标参数进行了相关性统计(图 4), 回归方程及相关系数见表 6。
表 6 洱海东缘软粘土指标参数关系回归方程Table 6. Parameter regression equations of soft clay on the east bank of Erhai Lake
从统计结果可以看出, 洱海东缘铁路沿线软粘土含水量W与孔隙比e、塑性指数IP与液限WL、孔隙比e与压缩系数av、含水量W与压缩系数av具有显著正相关性; 液性指数IL与快剪粘聚力C、含水量W与快剪内摩擦角φ、塑性指数IP与压缩系数av之间存在较为明显的负相关性。
4. 结语
洱海东缘的软土主要是大理冰期后早全新世气候变暖、点苍山冰川融化、洱海湖水水位上升湖面扩大所形成的湖积粘土。本文在野外地质调查和室内试验结果分析的基础上对洱海东缘软粘土的分布、物质组成、物理性质和力学性质等方面进行了研究, 取得以下主要认识:
(1) 洱海东缘软粘土的粘粒含量高, 粘土矿物组成以单矿物的蒙脱石为主, 孔隙溶液及粘土矿物表面可交换性阳离子都是以Ca2+为主; 比表面积高, 物理化学活性较强。
(2) 洱海东缘软粘土具有高孔隙性、高含水量、高塑性、中高压缩性、低强度等特性。在地表约10米以上, 软粘土呈现超固结硬化现象, 天然含水量随深度增加, 容重和抗剪强度随深度减少。
(3) 洱海东缘软粘土的主要物理力学指标参数之间具有较好的相关性, 回归分析得出的方程可用于力学指标的预测和估算, 对工程应用有较大的实际意义, 但地区性经验公式的建立, 还有待于进一步的分析探讨。
-
图 4 火石岭组水平最大主应力方位图
Figure 4. Orientation diagram of the horizontal maximum principal stress of the Huoshiling Formation
图 5 营城组水平最大主应力方位图
Figure 5. Orientation diagram of the horizontal maximum principal stress of the Yingcheng Formation
图 6 动态力学参数和静态力学参数关系图
Figure 6. The relation graph between dynamic and static mechanical parameters
图 8 断层带及不同岩相水平最大主应力方向改变量对比图
Figure 8. The comparision of principal stress orientation changes in different lithofacies and fault zone
图 9 断层带及不同岩相水平主应力大小分布对比图
Figure 9. The comparision of principal stress changes in different lithofacies and fault zone
表 1 各个岩相及断裂带的力学参数
Table 1. The mechanical parameters of each lithofacies and fault zone
岩相和断裂带 弹性模量/GPa 泊松比 近火山口相组 69 0.22 近源相组 62 0.21 远源相组 54.5 0.18 断裂带 14 0.35 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 火石岭组地应力方位数值模拟结果检验对比表
Table 2. Comparison of the simulation results of the orientations of principal stress by measurements in the Huoshiling Formation
井名 地应力方位/(°) 数值模拟结果/(°) 误差 Xs 33井 89.9 87 3.3% Xs 17井 86.8 87.8 1.2% Zs 14井 87.3 90.6 3.8% Ds 11井 101 87 13.8% Ds 13井 82.2 78 5.2%
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 火石岭组地应力大小数值模拟结果检验对比表
Table 3. Comparison of the simulation results of the principal stress calculated by logging data in the Huoshiling Formation
井名 最小主应力值/MPa 数值模拟结果/MPa 误差 Xs 33井 69.8 74.3 6.4% Xs 17井 53.5 56.0 4.7% Zs 14井 45.9 49.0 6.8% Ds 11井 57.2 58.1 1.6% Ds 13井 50.5 46.3 8.5%
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 王仁.固体力学基础[M].北京:地质出版社, 1979.WANG Ren. Foundations of solid mechanics[M]. Beijing:Geology Press, 1979. (in Chinese) [2] 胡明, 秦启荣, 陈继明, 等.断层应力效应分析及其在裂缝性储层研究中的作用[J].新疆石油地质, 1992, 13(3):280~284. http://www.cqvip.com/QK/93464X/199203/913493.htmlHU Ming, QIN Qirong, CHEN Jiming, et al. Faulting stress analysis and its effect on the study of fractured reservoirs[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 1992, 13(3):280~284. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.cqvip.com/QK/93464X/199203/913493.html [3] 谢润成, 周文, 邓虎成, 等.现今地应力场特征评价一体化研究[J].石油钻采工艺, 2008, 30(4):32~35. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=syzcgy200804009XIE Runcheng, ZHOU Wen, DENG Hucheng, et al. Integrated research methods of in-situ stress field characteristics[J]. Oil Drilling & Production Technology, 2008, 30(4):32~35. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=syzcgy200804009 [4] 张学娟. 松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩天然气成藏规律研究[D]. 大庆: 东北石油大学, 2013. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10220-1013292223.htmZHANG Xuejuan. Study on the accumulation regularity of volcanic gas in Yingcheng formation of Xujiaweizi fault depression in northern Songliao basin[D]. Daqing: Northeast Petroleum University, 2013. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10220-1013292223.htm [5] Gong L, Gao S, Fu X F, et al. Fracture characteristics and their effects on hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in tight volcanic reservoirs:a case study of the Xujiaweizi Fault depression, Songliao Basin, China[J]. Interpretation, 2017, 5(4):57~70. doi: 10.1190/INT-2016-0227.1 [6] 徐正顺, 王渝明, 庞彦明, 等.大庆徐深气田火山岩气藏储集层识别与评价[J].石油勘探与开发, 2006, 33(5):521~531. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=syktykf200605001XU Zhengshun, WANG Yuming, PANG Yanming, et al. Identification and evaluation of Xushen volcanic gas reservoirs in Daqing[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2006, 33(5):521~531. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=syktykf200605001 [7] Kanagawa T, Hayashi M, Nakasa H. Estimation of spatial geo-stress components in rock samples using the kaiser effect of acoustic emission[J]. Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu, 1977, (58):63~75. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/270425844_Estimation_of_spatial_geostress_components_in_rock_samples_using_the_Kaiser_effect_of_acoustic_emission [8] 雷茂盛, 王玉华, 赵杰.根据FMI资料分析大庆油田徐家围子断陷构造应力场[J].现代地质, 2007, 21(1):14~21. http://www.cqvip.com/QK/96868X/200701/24304852.htmlLEI Maosheng, WANG Yuhua, ZHAO Jie. Analysis on Tectonic Stress Field of Xujiaweizi Rift in Daqing Oilfield with FMI[J]. Geoscience, 2007, 21(1):14~21. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.cqvip.com/QK/96868X/200701/24304852.html [9] 杨亮.徐家围子断陷沙河子组现今地应力方向及展布[J].大庆石油地质与开发, 2016, 35(5):48~52. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-DQSK201605009.htmYANG Liang. Directions and spread of the current terrestrial stress for Shahezi formation in Xujiaweizi Fault Depression[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2016, 35(5):48~52. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-DQSK201605009.htm [10] 谭成轩, 王连捷, 孙宝珊, 等.含油气盆地三维构造应力场数值模拟方法[J].地质力学学报, 1997, 3(1):71~80. http://journal.geomech.ac.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=19970110&flag=1TAN Chengxuan, WANG Liangjie, SUN Baoshan, et al. An approach to numerical simulation of 3-D tectonic stress field of the Oil-Gas-Bearing Basin[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 1997, 3(1):71~80. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://journal.geomech.ac.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=19970110&flag=1 [11] 石胜群.三维构造应力场数值模拟技术预测泥岩裂缝研究应用[J].中国西部科技, 2008, 7(27):1~2, 39. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-6396.2008.27.001SHI Shengqun. Numerical simulation of 3-D tectonic stress field to predict the application of mudstone fractures[J]. Science and Technology of West China, 2008, 7(27):1~2, 39. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-6396.2008.27.001 [12] 张尔华, 姜传金, 张元高, 等.徐家围子断陷深层结构形成与演化的探讨[J].岩石学报, 2010, 26(1):149~157. http://www.ysxb.ac.cn/ysxb/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20100117ZHANG Erhua, JIANG Chuanjin, ZHANG Yuangao, et al. Study on the formation and evolution of deep structure of Xujiaweizi Fault Depression[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2010, 26(1):149~157. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.ysxb.ac.cn/ysxb/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20100117 [13] 姜传金, 苍思春, 吴杰.徐家围子断陷深层气藏类型及成藏模式[J].天然气工业, 2009, 29(8):5~7. http://www.oalib.com/paper/4984167JIANG Chuanjin, CANG Sichun, WU Jie. Types and pooling patterns of deep gas reservoirs in Xujiaweizi Fault Depression[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2009, 29(8):5~7. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.oalib.com/paper/4984167 [14] 冯子辉, 王成, 邵红梅, 等.松辽盆地北部火山岩储层特征及成岩演化规律[M].北京:科学出版社, 2015.FENG Zihui, WANG Cheng, SHAO Hongmei, et al. Characteristics and diagenetic evolution of volcanic reservoirs in northern Songliao Basin[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2015. (in Chinese) [15] Zeng L B, Su H, Tang X M, et al. Fractured tight sandstone oil and gas reservoirs:a new play type in the Dongpu Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, China[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2013, 97(3):363~377. doi: 10.1306/09121212057 [16] 闫伟林, 李红娟, 杨学峰, 等.松辽盆地北部火山岩气藏测井评价技术及应用[M].北京:科学出版社, 2015.YAN Weilin, LI Hongjuan, YANG Xuefeng, et al. Logging evaluation technique and application of volcanic gas reservoir in northern Songliao Basin[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2015. (in Chinese) [17] 刘之的, 夏宏泉, 汤小燕, 等.成像测井资料在地应力计算中的应用[J].西南石油学院学报, 2005, 27(4):9~12. http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical_xnsyxyxb200504003.aspxLIU Zhidi, XIA Hongquan, TANG Xiaoyan, et al. The application of the formation stress calculation using image well logging data[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute, 2005, 27(4):9~12. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical_xnsyxyxb200504003.aspx [18] 赵永强.成像测井综合分析地应力方向的方法[J].石油钻探技术, 2009, 37(6):39~43. http://mall.cnki.net/magazine/article/SYZT200906010.htmZHAO Yongqiang. A method of analyzing crustal stress orientation using imaging logging[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2009, 37(6):39~43. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://mall.cnki.net/magazine/article/SYZT200906010.htm [19] 黄波. 成像测井地应力分析方法研究[D]. 北京: 中国地质大学(北京), 2008. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-11415-2008068280.htmHUANG Bo. Study of the formation stress analysis method for imaging logging[D]. Beijing: China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 2008. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-11415-2008068280.htm [20] Montmayeur H, Graves R M. Prediction of static elastic/mechanical properties of consolidated and unconsolidated sands from acoustic measurements: correlations[A]. SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition[C]. New Orleans, Louisiana: SPE, 1986. [21] Yale D P. Static and dynamic rock mechanical properties in the Hugoton and Panoma Fields, Kansas[A]. SPE Mid-Continent Gas Symposium[C]. Amarillo, Texas: SPE, 1994. [22] 林英松, 葛洪魁, 王顺昌.岩石动静力学参数的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 1998, 17(2):216~222. http://www.cqvip.com/QK/96026X/199802/3049086.htmlLIN Yingsong, GE Hongkui, WANG Shunchang. Testing study on dynamic and static elastic parameters of rocks[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 1998, 17(2):216~222. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.cqvip.com/QK/96026X/199802/3049086.html [23] 赵昊, 夏宏泉, 胡永东, 等.公山庙构造地应力实验与测井计算分析[J].国外测井技术, 2007, 22(3):22~25. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NMSH201507045.htmZHAO Hao, XIA Hongquan, HU Yongdong, et al. The formation stress experiment of Gongshangmiao structure and well logging calculation analysis[J]. World Well Logging Technology, 2007, 22(3):22~25. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NMSH201507045.htm [24] 刘向君, 罗平亚.石油测井与井壁稳定[M].北京:石油工业出版社, 1999.LIU Xiangjun, LUO Pingya. Oil logging and wellbore stability[M]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press, 1999. (in Chinese) [25] 曾联波, 肖淑蓉, 罗安湘.陕甘宁盆地中部靖安地区现今应力场三维有限元数值模拟及其在油田开发中的意义[J].地质力学学报, 1998, 4(3):58~63. http://journal.geomech.ac.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=19980334&flag=1ZENG Lianbo, XIAO Shurong, LUO Anxiang. The Three-dimensional finite element numerical simulation of modern stress field and its significance in the oil development of the Jing'an area in the central Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia basin[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 1998, 4(3):58~63. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://journal.geomech.ac.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=19980334&flag=1 [26] 朱焕春, 陶振宇.不同岩石中地应力分布[J].地震学报, 1994, 16(1):49~63. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXB401.006.htmZHU Huanchun, TAO Zhenyu. Stress distribution in different rocks[J]. Acta Seismologica Sinica, 1994, 16(1):49~63. (in Chinese) http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXB401.006.htm [27] 王双喜, 宋惠珍, 刘洁.塔里木盆地构造应力场的数值模拟及其对油气聚集的意义[J].地震地质, 1990, 21(3):268~273. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=dzdz199903010WANG Shuangxi, SONG Huizhen, LIU Jie. Numerical modeling of tectonic stress field in Tarim Basin and its implication to hydrocarbon accumulation[J]. Seismology and Geology, 1990, 21(3):268~273. (in Chinese) http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=dzdz199903010 [28] 刘洪涛, 谢兵, 杨向同, 等.三维现今地应力场有限元数值计算[J].长春工程学院学报(自然科学版), 2016, 17(4):71~75. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-11415-2006065316.htmLIU Hongtao, XIE Bing, YANG Xiangtong, et al. The FEA numerical algorithm for 3D modern crustal stress field[J]. Journal of Changchun Institute of Technology (Natural Science Edition), 2016, 17(4):71~75. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-11415-2006065316.htm [29] 谭成轩, 孙炜锋, 孙叶, 等.地应力测量及其地下工程应用的思考[J].地质学报, 2006, 80(10):1627~1632. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5717.2006.10.018TAN Chengxuan, SUN Weifeng, SUN Ye, et al. A consideration on in-situ crustal stress measuring and its underground engineering application[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2006, 80(10):1627~1632. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5717.2006.10.018 [30] 巩磊, 高帅, 吴佳朋, 等.徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩裂缝与天然气成藏[J].大地构造与成矿学, 2017, 41(2):283~290. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DXQY200004007.htmGONG Lei, GAO Shuai, WU Jiapeng, et al. Natural gas accumulation and fractures in volcanic rocks of Yingcheng Formation in Xujiaweizi Fault Depression[J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 2017, 41(2):283~290. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DXQY200004007.htm [31] 祖克威, 曾联波, 刘喜中, 等.厚层河道砂体地应力分布影响因素分析[J].地质力学学报, 2014, 20(2):149~158. http://journal.geomech.ac.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20140206&flag=1ZU Kewei, ZENG Lianbo, LIU Xizhong, et al. Analysis of influencing factors for ground stress in channel sandstone[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 2014, 20(2):149~158. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://journal.geomech.ac.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20140206&flag=1 [32] 景锋, 盛谦, 张勇慧, 等.不同地质成因岩石地应力分布规律的统计分析[J].岩土力学, 2008, 29(7):1877~1883. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-YTLX200807032.htmJING Feng, SHENG Qian, ZHANG Yonghui, et al. Statistical analysis of geostress distribution laws for different rocks[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2008, 29(7):1877~1883. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-YTLX200807032.htm [33] 于宝利, 刘新利, 范素芳, 等.火山岩相地震研究方法及应用(为庆祝塔里木油田石油会战20周年而作)[J].新疆石油地质, 2009, 30(2):264~266. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=xjsydz200902034YU Baoli, LIU Xinli, FAN Sufang, et al. Seismic technique and application of volcanic rock facies[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2009, 30(2):264~266. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=xjsydz200902034 [34] 张晓, 姜鹏飞.影响断层附近应力场变化的敏感因素数值模拟研究[J].建井技术, 2012, 33(4):26~29. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=jjjs201204009ZHANG Xiao, JIANG Pengfei. Numerical simulation of the sensitive factors affecting the stress field near the fault[J]. Mine Construction Technology, 2012, 33(4):26~29. (in Chinese) http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=jjjs201204009 [35] 沈海超, 程远方, 王京印, 等.断层扰动下地应力场三维有限元约束优化反演[J].岩土力学, 2007, 28(S1):359~365. http://cpfd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CPFDTOTAL-AGLU200710007075.htmSHEN Haichao, CHEN Yuanfang, WANG Jingyin, et al. 3-D FEM inversion for the in-situ stress field around complex faults based on the theory of constrained optimization[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2007, 28(S1):359~365. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://cpfd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CPFDTOTAL-AGLU200710007075.htm [36] 丁文龙, 曾维特, 王濡岳, 等.页岩储层构造应力场模拟与裂缝分布预测方法及应用[J].地学前缘, 2016, 23(2):63~74. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DXQY201602010.htmDING Wenlong, ZENG Weite, WANG Ruyue, et al. Method and application of tectonic stress field simulation and fracture distribution prediction in shale reservoir[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2016, 23(2):63~74. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DXQY201602010.htm [37] 沈海超, 程远方, 王京印, 等.断层对地应力场影响的有限元研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发, 2007, 26(2):34~37. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=dqsydzykf200702009SHEN Haichao, CHEN Yuanfang, WANG Jingyin, et al. Study of finite element on effects of faults on ground stress field[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2007, 26(2):34~37. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=dqsydzykf200702009 [38] 沈海超, 程远方, 赵益忠, 等.基于实测数据及数值模拟断层对地应力的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2008, 27(S2):3985~3990. https://www.wenkuxiazai.com/doc/63b15480bceb19e8b8f6ba6b.htmlSHEN Haichao, CHEN Yuanfang, ZHAO Yizhong, et al. Study on influence of faults on geostress by measurement data and numerical simulation[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2008, 27(S2):3985~3990. (in Chinese with English abstract) https://www.wenkuxiazai.com/doc/63b15480bceb19e8b8f6ba6b.html [39] 王群嶷, 张学婧, 王运涛, 等.树25区块有限元三维地应力场分布规律[J].大庆石油地质与开发, 2010, 29(6):134~139. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=dqsydzykf201006027WANG Qunyi, ZHANG Xuejing, WANG Yuntao, et al. The distribution laws of 3-D earth stress field of block shu-25 by Finite Element Method[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2010, 29(6):134~139. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=dqsydzykf201006027 [40] 刘中春, 吕心瑞, 李玉坤, 等.断层对地应力场方向的影响机理[J].石油与天然气地质, 2016, 37(3):387~393. doi: 10.11743/ogg20160311LIU Zhongchun, LV Xinrui, LI Yukun, et al. Mechanism of faults acting on in-situ stress field direction[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2016, 37(3):387~393. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.11743/ogg20160311 [41] Liu J S, Ding W L, Yang H M, et al. 3D geomechanical modeling and numerical simulation of in-situ stress fields in shale reservoirs:a case study of the lower Cambrian Niutitang formation in the Cen'gong block, South China[J]. Tectonophysics, 2017, 712~713:663~683. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275306797_Simulation_of_paleotectonic_stress_fields_within_Paleogene_shale_reservoirs_and_prediction_of_favorable_zones_for_fracture_development_within_the_Zhanhua_Depression_Bohai_Bay_Basin_east_China [42] 汪佳.徐家围子低渗储层气井试采动态特征分析[J].中国西部科技, 2011, 10(3):28~30. http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical_zgxbkj201103013.aspxWANG Jia. Analysis on the dynamic features of gas well with low permeability reservoirs in Xujiaweizi[J]. Science and Technology of West China, 2011, 10(3):28~30. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical_zgxbkj201103013.aspx [43] 舒萍, 丁日新, 曲延明, 等.徐深气田火山岩储层岩性岩相模式[J].天然气工业, 2007, 27(8):23~27. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=trqgy200708007SHU Ping, DING Rixin, QU Yanming, et al. Lithologic and lithofacies patterns of volcanic reservoirs in Xushen gas field[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2007, 27(8):23~27. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=trqgy200708007 [44] 曹宝军, 李相方, 姚约东.火山岩气藏开发难点与对策[J].天然气工业, 2007, 8(8):82~84. http://industry.wanfangdata.com.cn/dl/Detail/Periodical?id=Periodical_trqgy200708025CAO Baojun, LI Xiangfang, YAO Yuedong. Challenges and strategies in volcanic gas reservoir development[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2007, 8(8):82~84. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://industry.wanfangdata.com.cn/dl/Detail/Periodical?id=Periodical_trqgy200708025 [45] 刘曰武, 张奇斌, 孙波.试井分析理论和应用的发展[J].测井技术, 2004, 28(S):69~74, 89. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=cjjs2004z1016LIU Yuewu, ZHANG Qibin, SUN Bo. Developments of well test theory and its applications[J]. Well Logging Technology, 2004, 7(9):69~74, 89. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=cjjs2004z1016 [46] 戴亚权, 罗静兰, 林潼, 等.松辽盆地北部升平气田营城组火山岩储层特征与成岩演化[J].中国地质, 2007, 34(3):528~535. http://www.cqvip.com/qk/90050x/200703/24913750.htmlDAI Yaquan, LUO Jinlan, LIN Tong, et al. Reservoir characteristics and petrogenesis of volcanic rocks in the Yingcheng Formation of the Shengping Gas Field, northern Songliao Basin[J]. Geology in China, 2007, 34(3):528~535. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.cqvip.com/qk/90050x/200703/24913750.html [47] 邓攀, 陈孟晋, 高哲荣, 等.火山岩储层构造裂缝的测井识别及解释[J].石油学报, 2002, 23(6):32~36. doi: 10.7623/syxb200206007DENG Pan, CHEN Mengjin, GAO Zherong, et al. Log response and explanation of structural fractures in volcanic rock reservoir[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2002, 23(6):32~36. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.7623/syxb200206007 [48] 冯志强.松辽盆地庆深大型气田的勘探前景[J].天然气工业, 2006, 26(6):1~5. http://www.cqvip.com/QK/90587X/200606/22095957.htmlFENG Zhiqiang. Exploration potential of large Qingshen gas field in the Songliao Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2006, 26(6):1~5. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.cqvip.com/QK/90587X/200606/22095957.html [49] 王红才, 王薇, 王连捷, 等.油田三维构造应力场数值模拟与油气运移[J].地球学报, 2002, 23(2):175~178. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQXB200202015.htmWANG Hongcai, WANG Wei, WANG Lianjie, et al. Three dimensional tectonic stress field and migration of oil and gas in Tanhai[J]. Acta Geoscientia Sinica, 2002, 23(2):175~178. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQXB200202015.htm -
下载:
下载:
计量
- 文章访问数: 337
- HTML全文浏览量: 132
- PDF下载量: 22
- 被引次数: 0
