RESEARCH ON GROUND STRESS DISTRIBUTION RULES OF DEEP TIGHT VOLCANIC ROCK RESERVOIRS IN THE HUOSHILING FORMATION, XUJIAWEIZI FAULT DEPRESSION
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摘要: 徐家围子断陷位于松辽盆地北部，其深层中生代火石岭组为致密火山岩气藏，天然裂缝发育，地应力分布非均质性强。结合诱导裂缝法与井径崩落法进行单井现今地应力方向分析，利用声波测井法计算现今地应力大小的纵向分布。依据火石岭组构造顶底面图、火山岩相组及断层分布特征建立非均质三维地质模型；在动、静态岩石物理参数拟合校正的基础上，结合实验测试及已有研究成果，确定不同岩相组和断层岩石物理参数，建立三维力学模型；利用Ansys有限元数值模拟软件建立火石岭组三维数学模型并进行相关运算获得三维现今地应力分布模型。计算结果表明在火石岭组地层中，水平最大主应力方向主要为东西向，应力值范围在86~110 MPa；水平最小主应力方向主要为南北向，应力值范围在67~84 MPa。分析模拟结果可知火山岩相、断层和构造起伏三者对火石岭组现今地应力分布影响较大。其中水平主应力的方向主要受断层和近火山口相分布的影响，而水平主应力的大小则是受三者综合作用。在构造低部位，近火山口相组发育处，断层上盘及断层端部皆为主应力的集中区域。依据现今地应力研究成果可为徐家围子断陷下一步开发井网部署、压裂改造方案和水平井的设计以及注水管理提供重要指导。Abstract: The XujiaweiziFault Depression is located in the north of the Songliao basin, and its deep Mesozoic Huoshiling formation is a dense volcanic gas reservoir with natural fracture development and strong heterogeneity of the stress distribution. The present ground stress orientation of single well is analyzed by induced fracture method and well diameter caving method, and the longitudinal distribution of present ground stress is calculated by acoustic logging method.The heterogeneous three-dimensional geological model is established according to the top-and-bottom surface maps, volcanic facies groups and fault distribution characteristics of the Huoshiling Formation. Based on the fitting and correction of dynamic and static rock physical parameters, the physical parameters of different lithofacies groups and fault rocks are determined in combination with experimental tests and existing research results, and the three-dimensional mechanical model is established. Ansys finite element numerical simulation software is used to establish the three-dimensional mathematical model of the Huoshiling Formation and to obtain the three-dimensional present ground stress distribution model by correlative calculation.The calculated results show that in the Huoshiling Formation the preferred orientation of the maximum horizontal principal stress is EW, with the stress values range from 86 to 110 MPa, and the minimum horizontal principal stress preferred orientation is SN, with the stress values range from 67 to 84 MPa. The simulation results show that the volcanic facies, characteristics of faults and structural relief have great influences on the present ground stress of the Huoshiling Formation, Xujiaweizi Fault Depression. Among them the horizontal principal stress orientation is greatly affected by the distribution of faults and the near-crater facies, while the value of the horizontal principal stress is controlled by them three. The horizontal stress in the lower position of the depression, the near crater facies and the fault ends are high.The results of present ground stress can provide important guidance for the next-stage of well networks arrangement, fracturing reformation scheme, horizontal well design and water injection management in the Xujiaweizi Fault Depression.
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图 4 火石岭组水平最大主应力方位图
Figure 4. Orientation diagram of the horizontal maximum principal stress of the Huoshiling Formation
图 5 营城组水平最大主应力方位图
Figure 5. Orientation diagram of the horizontal maximum principal stress of the Yingcheng Formation
图 6 动态力学参数和静态力学参数关系图
Figure 6. The relation graph between dynamic and static mechanical parameters
图 8 断层带及不同岩相水平最大主应力方向改变量对比图
Figure 8. The comparision of principal stress orientation changes in different lithofacies and fault zone
图 9 断层带及不同岩相水平主应力大小分布对比图
Figure 9. The comparision of principal stress changes in different lithofacies and fault zone
表 1 各个岩相及断裂带的力学参数
Table 1. The mechanical parameters of each lithofacies and fault zone
岩相和断裂带 弹性模量/GPa 泊松比 近火山口相组 69 0.22 近源相组 62 0.21 远源相组 54.5 0.18 断裂带 14 0.35 
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表 2 火石岭组地应力方位数值模拟结果检验对比表
Table 2. Comparison of the simulation results of the orientations of principal stress by measurements in the Huoshiling Formation
井名 地应力方位/(°) 数值模拟结果/(°) 误差 Xs 33井 89.9 87 3.3% Xs 17井 86.8 87.8 1.2% Zs 14井 87.3 90.6 3.8% Ds 11井 101 87 13.8% Ds 13井 82.2 78 5.2%
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表 3 火石岭组地应力大小数值模拟结果检验对比表
Table 3. Comparison of the simulation results of the principal stress calculated by logging data in the Huoshiling Formation
井名 最小主应力值/MPa 数值模拟结果/MPa 误差 Xs 33井 69.8 74.3 6.4% Xs 17井 53.5 56.0 4.7% Zs 14井 45.9 49.0 6.8% Ds 11井 57.2 58.1 1.6% Ds 13井 50.5 46.3 8.5%
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