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大地震前后实测地应力状态变化及其意义——以龙门山断裂带为例

秦向辉 陈群策 孟文 谭成轩 张重远 丰成君

秦向辉, 陈群策, 孟文, 等, 2018. 大地震前后实测地应力状态变化及其意义——以龙门山断裂带为例. 地质力学学报, 24 (3): 309-320. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2018.24.03.033
引用本文: 秦向辉, 陈群策, 孟文, 等, 2018. 大地震前后实测地应力状态变化及其意义——以龙门山断裂带为例. 地质力学学报, 24 (3): 309-320. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2018.24.03.033
QIN Xianghui, CHEN Qunce, MENG Wen, et al., 2018. EVALUATING MEASURED IN-SITU STRESS STATE CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH EARTHQUAKES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS: A CASE STUDY IN THE LONGMENSHAN FAULT ZONE. Journal of Geomechanics, 24 (3): 309-320. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2018.24.03.033
Citation: QIN Xianghui, CHEN Qunce, MENG Wen, et al., 2018. EVALUATING MEASURED IN-SITU STRESS STATE CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH EARTHQUAKES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS: A CASE STUDY IN THE LONGMENSHAN FAULT ZONE. Journal of Geomechanics, 24 (3): 309-320. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2018.24.03.033

大地震前后实测地应力状态变化及其意义——以龙门山断裂带为例

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2018.24.03.033
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金项目 41702351

国家科技重大专项 2016ZX05034-003

中国地质调查局项目 121201104000150003

详细信息
    作者简介:

    秦向辉(1984-), 男, 助理研究员, 博士, 主要从事地应力测量与监测、构造应力场等研究工作。E-mail:qinxiangh03@126.com

  • 中图分类号: P553

EVALUATING MEASURED IN-SITU STRESS STATE CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH EARTHQUAKES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS: A CASE STUDY IN THE LONGMENSHAN FAULT ZONE

  • 摘要: 实测地应力状态在连续地震事件前后的变化特征,对于应用地应力实测数据探索开展地震预报等研究有重要意义,但一直以来缺少典型实例研究。以龙门山断裂带西南段的跷碛和映秀地区为研究区,利用该地区汶川地震前至芦山地震后获得的地应力实测数据,分析了表征地应力状态的特征参数在汶川和芦山地震事件前后变化特征,探讨了其对地震预报研究的意义。研究表明,跷碛地区地应力状态特征参数KHVKHhμm变化表现为芦山地震后值(QQ-14)大于汶川地震前(QQ-99),QQ-99结果大于汶川地震后值(QQ-09),而主应力梯度系数变化为QQ-09>QQ-14>QQ-99;分析认为KHVKHhμm变化规律能准确反映汶川和芦山地震事件前后跷碛地区构造应力场演化特征,而仅用主应力随深度变化梯度系数变化特征,不能完全准确地反映构造应力场调整变化情况;映秀地区,除KHh外,主应力随深度变化梯度系数、KHVμm均表现为汶川地震后结果大于震前,其变化反映的应力场调整变化特征需要补充数据检验;利用地应力状态参数变化规律开展地震预报探索研究时,长期的、可对比的高质量地应力测量数据是研究有所突破的关键。研究成果对于龙门山地区构造应力场和减灾防灾研究有重要意义,对于应用地应力数据探索开展地震预报研究等有参考价值。

     

  • 图  1  龙门山及邻区区域地质简图

    Figure  1.  Geological sketch map of the Longmenshan and adjacent regions

    图  2  硗碛地区地质构造与地应力钻孔分布图(据文献[19]修改)

    F1—映秀—北川断裂;F2—汶川—茂县断裂;F3—盐井—五龙断裂;F4—双石—大川断裂;F5—大邑断裂

    Figure  2.  Local geological map of Qiaoqi region showing locations of boreholes used in this study (modified after [19])

    图  3  映秀地区地质构造与地应力钻孔分布图(据文献[35]修改)

    F1—汶川—茂县断裂;F2—映秀—北川断裂;F3—灌县—安县断裂;F4—关口隐伏断裂;F5—彭县隐伏断裂

    Figure  3.  Local geological map of Yingxiu region showing locations of boreholes used in this study (modified after [35])

    图  4  硗碛地区汶川—芦山地震前后主应力及特征参数随深度变化图

    a—主应力随深度分布特征;b—KHV分布特征;c—KHh分布特征;d—μm分布特征

    Figure  4.  Variation of principal stress and characteristic parameters with depth before and after the Wenchuan-lushan earthquake in Qiaoqi area

    图  5  映秀地区汶川地震前后主应力及特征参数随深度变化图

    a—主应力随深度分布特征;b—KHV分布特征;c—KHh分布特征;d—μm分布特征

    Figure  5.  Variation of principal stress and characteristic parameters with depth before and after the Wenchuan earthquake in Yingxiu area

    表  1  硗碛地区地应力数据

    Table  1.   In-situ stress data obtained in Qiaoqi region

    钻孔 深度/m SH/MPa Sh/MPa Sv/MPa SH方向/(°) KHV KHh μm
    QQ-99[11] 180.25 15.42 8.28 4.77 3.23 1.86 0.53
    187.55 14.44 8.19 4.96 N57°E 2.91 1.76 0.49
    224.44 20.86 11.61 5.49 N63°E 3.80 1.80 0.58
    233.29 18.07 11.11 6.18 N1°W 2.92 1.63 0.49
    241.15 8.97 5.68 6.38 1.41 1.58 0.22
    250.33 19.74 10.80 6.63 N55°E 2.98 1.83 0.50
    259.10 21.38 11.68 6.86 3.12 1.83 0.51
    264.37 7.65 5.39 7.00 N22°E 1.09 1.42 0.17
    275.07 11.90 6.41 7.28 1.63 1.86 0.30
    280.46 25.53 13.53 7.42 N39°E 3.44 1.89 0.55
    QQ-09[29] 80.50 5.25 4.15 2.13 2.46 1.27 0.42
    117.50 6.66 5.22 3.11 2.14 1.28 0.36
    135.00 5.25 4.73 3.58 1.47 1.11 0.19
    167.00 5.47 5.09 4.43 1.23 1.07 0.11
    174.50 13.06 9.51 4.62 N49°W 2.83 1.37 0.48
    192.07 15.27 12.09 5.09 N60°W 3.00 1.26 0.50
    201.27 18.63 13.13 5.33 3.50 1.42 0.56
    214.37 23.73 14.78 5.68 4.18 1.61 0.61
    QQ-14[19] 128.00 21.93 11.18 3.39 N85°W 6.47 1.96 0.73
    136.00 19.60 10.47 3.60 N63°W 5.44 1.87 0.69
    159.00 21.97 11.71 4.21 5.22 1.88 0.68
    182.00 25.83 18.47 4.82 N73°W 5.36 1.40 0.69
    188.00 21.02 11.51 4.98 4.22 1.83 0.62
    注: SHSh分别为实测最大、最小水平主应力,SV为垂向应力,按照等于上覆岩层重度计算,岩石平均密度取2.65 g/cm3
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  映秀地区地应力数据

    Table  2.   In-situ stress data obtained in Yingxiu region

    钻孔 深度/m SH/MPa Sh/MPa Sv/MPa SH方向/(°) KHV KHh μm
    YX-02[17] 246.70 7.47 4.57 6.67 1.12 1.63 0.24
    300.00 12.55 7.20 8.11 1.55 1.74 0.27
    354.20 13.80 8.10 9.58 1.44 1.70 0.26
    422.20 16.58 9.83 11.41 N47°W 1.45 1.69 0.26
    476.20 20.62 12.12 12.87 1.60 1.70 0.26
    611.40 19.17 12.42 16.51 N54°W 1.16 1.54 0.21
    677.10 21.23 13.43 18.29 1.16 1.58 0.23
    705.70 26.36 16.16 19.07 N53°W 1.38 1.63 0.24
    733.20 28.04 17.14 19.81 1.42 1.64 0.24
    YX-09[11] 90.00 3.48 2.60 2.39 1.46 1.34 0.19
    128.00 8.34 7.44 3.39 2.46 1.12 0.42
    142.00 7.81 5.95 3.76 N56°W 2.08 1.31 0.35
    171.00 15.62 11.81 4.53 3.45 1.32 0.55
    178.00 16.36 9.68 4.72 3.47 1.69 0.55
    185.00 13.11 8.35 4.90 2.68 1.57 0.46
    注: 表 2符号意义同表 1
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  硗碛地区主应力随深度变化拟合结果

    Table  3.   Fitting results of in-situ stress data versus depth in Qiaoqi region

    钻孔 主应力随深度分布拟合结果 深度范围 地应力结构 SH平均方向
    SH Sh
    QQ-99 SH=0.019D+11.85 Sh=0.01D+6.49 0~300 m 逆冲型 N47°E
    QQ-09 SH=0.131D-9.26 Sh=0.083D-4.69 0~250 m 逆冲型 N55°W
    QQ-14 SH=0.041D+15.57 Sh=0.069D+1.77 0~200 m 逆冲型 N59°W
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  映秀地区主应力随深度变化拟合结果

    Table  4.   Fitting results of in-situ stress data versus depth in Yingxiu region

    钻孔 主应力随深度分布拟合结果 深度范围 地应力结构 SH平均方向
    SH Sh
    YX-02 SH=0.034D+1.49 Sh=0.022D+0.23 0~800 m 走滑型 N51°W
    YX-09 SH=0.130D-8.54 Sh=0.074D-3.43 0~200 m 逆冲型 N56°W
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2018-03-10
  • 修回日期:  2018-05-03
  • 刊出日期:  2018-06-01

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