差应变法地应力测量——以汶川地震断裂带科学钻探WFSD-1钻孔为例

彭华; 马秀敏; 姜景捷

差应变法地应力测量——以汶川地震断裂带科学钻探WFSD-1钻孔为例

彭华^{1, 2,},
马秀敏^{1, 2},
姜景捷^{1, 2}

1.
国土资源部新构造运动与地质灾害重点实验室，北京 100081
2.
中国地质科学院地质力学研究所，北京 100081

基金项目:

科技部“汶川地震断裂带科学钻探”项目和地调项目 1212010916064

详细信息

作者简介:
彭华(1964-)，男，研究员，主要从事地应力测量及相关测量仪器研制、地壳稳定性调查与评价、地质灾害、岩稳定性和岩石力学与工程施工等方面的研究工作。E-mail:ph68486797@yahoo.com.cn

中图分类号: P315
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2011-05-30
- 刊出日期: 2011-09-01

IN-SITU STRESS MEASUREMENT BY DIFFERENTIAL STRAIN ANALYSIS METHOD IN WFSD-1

PENG Hua^{1, 2
,},
MA Xiu-min^{1, 2},
JIANG Jing-jie^{1, 2}

1.
Key Lab of Neotectonic Movement and Geohazrds, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100081, China
2.
Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 岩心差应变分析法是汶川地震断层科学钻探(WFSD)项目地应力测量的主要手段之一, 该技术通过高压容器对取之于钻孔不同深度的实验样品施加围压, 观察先前由于失去地层应力而膨胀产生的裂纹重新闭合, 并通过裂纹闭合过程差应变曲线分析, 确定主应力大小和方向。WFSD-1孔12个岩心样品的DSA测试结果表明:断层上下盘的应力状态有明显差异, 区域地应力不仅随深度增加, 还与地质结构和岩石的物理性质等因素有关。
- 汶川地震断裂带科学钻探 /
- 映秀—北川断层 /
- 差应变分析法(DSA) /
- 地应力测量 /
- 滑动准则
Abstract: Core differential strain analysis method is one of the primary means of in-situ stress measurement in WFSD. Through the pressure vessel, the experimental samples taken from different depths are pressured. And it is observed that the produced cracks are re-closed due to the previously loss stratum stress. The technology is that the size and direction of principal stress are determined by differential stain analysis in the process of crack closure. This article describes the principle and data processing method of in-situ stress measurement by differential strain analysis (DSA) in WFSD-1. And the stress profile is established with depth in the hole. Test results show that the stress states of the upper and lower plate in the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault are significant differences. Regional in-situ stress not only increases with depth, but also concerns with the geological structure, rock physical properties and other factors.
- Wenchuan Fault Scientific Drilling (WFSD) /
- Yingxiu-Beichuan fault /
- differential strain analysis /
- in-situ stress measurement /
- sliding criterion

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图 1 岩心应力释放卸载产生的微裂隙及其分布示意图

Figure 1. Distribution and generated micro-cracks by the unloading of core stress

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图 2 岩石受压微裂纹闭合过程围压-应变曲线

Figure 2. Pressure-strain curve of confining pressure rock during micro-crack closure

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图 3 WFSD-1钻孔示意图及采样位置

Figure 3. Diagram of WFSD-1 drilling hole and sampling location

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图 4 DSA试验岩心试件贴片方式

Figure 4. Chip mode of core in DSA examination

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图 5 贴12个应变片的DSA试样

Figure 5. Specimen in the confining pressure chamber

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图 6 熔凝石英补偿块

Figure 6. Compensation block of the fused quartz

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图 7 试验高压容器

Figure 7. Diagram of the high pressure vessel

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图 8 数字应变仪记录的用标样作为桥臂的实验过程的围压-应变(ε(p))曲线(原始数据)

Figure 8. Recorded pressure-strain curves by a digital gauge during experiment (raw data)

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图 9 压力闭合点p_c补偿弹性模量后的差应变η(p_c)曲线(WFSD-1-B6砂岩试样，深度1190 m)

Figure 9. Different strain curve after the compensated elastic modulus by pressure closing point

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图 10 差应变数据η(p_c)对p求导后的曲线

Figure 10. The obtained curve of derivative difference strain data on p_c

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图 11 部分试样围压下裂缝闭合过程主差主应变轴极密图

Figure 11. The pole dense of principal strain axis during fracture closure under confining pressure difference

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图 12 WFSD-1钻孔应力随深度变化曲线

Figure 12. Stress curve with depth in WFSD-1 borehole

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表 1 差应变法应变椭球主应变轴比率

Table 1. Ratio of strain ellipsoid principal strain axes in DSA

表 2 WFSD-1井差应变法地应力测量结果比较

Table 2. The compared results of DSA stress measurement in WFSD-1 hole

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