STRUCTURAL DEFORMATION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE KALPIN THRUST BELT ON THE NORTHWESTERN MARGIN OF THE TARIM BASIN
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摘要: 柯坪冲断带位于塔里木盆地的西北缘, 是南天山南缘冲断系统的一部分。根据野外实际考察和地震剖面解释, 总结了该冲断带的构造变形特征:发育于古生界、以寒武系膏盐层为主滑脱层、叠瓦状冲断、暴露式冲断前锋、断层传播褶皱、前展式冲断、形成于上新世-第四纪。根据平衡剖面的恢复, 柯坪冲断带的构造缩短量最小为29.1%～40.7%。Abstract: The Kalpin thrust belt, located at the NW margin of the Tarim basin, is a part of the southern South Tianshan marginal thrust system.On the basis of field investigation and seismic section interpretation, the Kalpin thrust belt has the following structural deformation characteristics:the thrust belt occurs in Paleozoic strata; the major detachment fault occurs in a Middle Cambrian gypsum-salt lay er; the thrust sheets are imbricate; various thrust fronts are subaerially exposed; fault propagation folding and piggyback thrusting are found; and the thrust belt formed during the Pliocene-Holocene. According to the reconstructed balanced section, the minimal shortening rate of the thrust belt is 29.1%-40.7%.
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Key words:
- Kalpin thrust belt /
- Tarim /
- South Tianshan /
- seismic section /
- balanced section /
- structural deformation
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图 1 南天山冲断-褶皱带及其次级冲断带的划分
Figure 1. South Tianshan fold-thrust belt and its second-order thrust belts
图 2 柯坪冲断带主要断裂和褶皱构造分布图
1.柯坪塔格断层; 2.柯坪塔格背斜; 3.依木干他乌断层; 4.卡拉布克塞塔格断层; 5.孔乌腊奇背斜; 6.依木干他乌南断层; 7.奥兹尔塔格断层; 8.皮羌山断层; 9.皮羌山向斜; 10.托克散阿达拜山背斜; 11.阿合齐-乌恰断层; 12.皮羌断层; 13.萨尔干断层; 14.印干断层
Figure 2. Major faults and folds in the Kalpin thrust belt
图 3 柯坪冲断带地质简图
1.前震旦系; 2.震旦系; 3.寒武系; 4.志留系—泥盆系; 5.石炭系—二叠系; 6.中生界; 7.古近系—新近系; 8.第四系; 9.超基性岩; 10.花岗岩; 11.碱性岩; 12.基性侵入岩
Figure 3. Geological sketch map of the Kalpin thrust belt
图 4 柯坪地区中寒武统阿瓦塔格组岩性图
Figure 4. Rock types of the Middle Cambrian Awatag Formation in the Kalpin area
图 5 A-A′测线平衡剖面
剖面原始长度196km, 剖面现今长度139km, 缩短量为57km, 缩短率29.1%
Figure 5. Balanced section of line A-A′
图 6 B-B′测线平衡剖面
原始长度157km, 剖面现今长度111km, 缩短量为46km, 缩短率29.3%
Figure 6. Balanced section of line B-B′
图 7 C-C′测线平衡剖面
剖面原始长度172km, 剖面现今长度102km, 缩短量为70km, 缩短率40.7%
Figure 7. Balanced section of line C-C′
表 1 柯坪冲断带的地层系统和主要滑脱层
Table 1. Stratigraphic system and main detachments in the Kalpin thrust belt
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