CRETACEOUS DENUDATION OF THE ILI BASIN AS REVEALED BY FISSION-TRACK THERMOCHRONOLOGY
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摘要: 本文利用砂岩中磷灰石的裂变径迹方法, 研究了伊犁盆地中生代抬升-剥露事件。根据磷灰石裂变径迹测年结果, 开展了温度-时间热模拟反演研究, 结果揭示出伊犁盆地在115~95Ma期间存在一期重要的抬升-剥露冷却事件, 剥蚀量至少可达1.8km, 剥蚀速率至少为0.09mm/a。区域资料对比分析表明中晚白垩世的抬升剥露事件, 在天山地区乃至整个新疆的造山带普遍存在。Abstract: The fission-track dating method has been widely used to constrain the exhumation of mountains and tectono-thermal evolution of basins.This paper mainly presents the results of apatite fission-track dating and discusses the Mesozoic uplift-denudation event in the Ili basin.Fission-track dating revealed that the fission-track ages of three sandstones from drilling wells at the south margin of the basin are 112.6±9, 79.3±11.4 and 94.0±7.4 Ma respectively, and that the corresponding fission track lengths are 13.45±0.17, 13.15±0.16 and 13.17±0.17μ m respectively with a single peak distribution pattern.Further temperature-time modeling of apatite was conducted using the apatite fission track solution program after the model of Ketcham, based on measurements of the fission-track lengths and pooled ages.The results show that one important uplift-denudation and cooling event took place in the Ili basin at 115-95 Ma.This cooling event is fairly consistent with the absence of Upper Jurassic Lower Cretaceous strata in the basin, suggesting the uplift and subsequent denudation of the Ili basin during this period of time.The coexistence of the single apatite fission-track ages older and younger than the sedimentation age indicates that the apatite fission track was partially annealed after sedimentation as response to the temperature increase resulting from the burial.Supposing that the geothermal gradient is 30 ℃/km and that the temperatures of the partial annealing zone of apatite fission track vary from 80 ℃ to 120 ℃, it can be estimated that the samples were buried at~2.6-4 km depth and that at least at least 1.8- km-thick material has been denuded with a denudation ratio of 0.09mm/a during the Mid-Late Cretaceous (115~95Ma).Correlation and analysis of regional data suggest that the Mid-Late Cretaceous uplift and denudation event was widespread in the whole Tianshan Range and even the whole orogenic belt in northern Xinjiang.
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Key words:
- Ili basin /
- fission-track /
- denudation /
- Cretaceous /
- Tianshan orogenic belt
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图 1 伊犁盆地及其周缘地质构造简图及大地构造位置图
(根据1: 20万区调资料简化)
1-第四系; 2-新近系; 3-古近系; 4-侏罗系; 5-三叠系; 6-二叠系; 7-石炭系; 8-元古宇; 9-花岗岩; 10-实测及推测断层; 11-不整合界线; 12-采样钻孔位置Figure 1. Geological sketch map of the Ili basin and its surrounding areas showing the tectonic location
(modified from 1: 200000 regional geological map)
1-Quaternary; 2-Neogene; 3-Paleogene; 4-Jurassic; 5-Tertiary; 6-Permian; 7-Carboniferous; 8-Proterozoic; 9-Granite; 10-Measured and inferred faults; 11-Unconformity; 12-Location of core sampling
图 5 磷灰石单个样品t-T模拟
(采用Ketcham等1999退火模型)
图中:PAZ-partial annealing zone, 部分愈合带Figure 5. Temperature-time modeling of a single apatite sample
(after the annealing model of Ketcham, 1999)
图 6 磷灰石裂变径迹温度-时间模拟最佳拟合曲线图
Figure 6. Best-fit line of temperature-time modeling based on apatite fission track measurements
表 1 磷灰石裂变径迹测试分析结果
Table 1. Apatite fission-track analysis
表 2 磷灰石裂变径迹温度-时间模拟结果表
Table 2. Temperature-time modeling for apatite fission-track dating
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