逆断层控制构造裂缝发育的力学机制模拟

高孝巧; 张达

逆断层控制构造裂缝发育的力学机制模拟

高孝巧^1,,
张达^{1, 2}

1.
中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083
2.
中国地质大学地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室, 北京 100083

基金项目:

中国地质调查局地质调查项目"武夷山植被覆盖区勘查模型研究与控矿要素探查" 12120113089600

"福建龙岩马坑—大田汤泉铁矿整装勘查区关键基础地质研究" 12120114028701

详细信息

作者简介:
高孝巧(1991-), 男, 硕士研究生, 研究方向构造模拟及成矿预测。E-mail:gaoxq@cugb.edu.cn

中图分类号: P553
计量
- 文章访问数: 125
- HTML全文浏览量: 68
- PDF下载量: 17
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2014-10-10
- 刊出日期: 2015-03-28

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF STRUCTURAL FRACTURES CONTROLLED BY REVERSE FAULT

GAO Xiao-qiao^1
,,
ZHANG Da^{1, 2}

1.
Faculty of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China

摘要

摘要: 在探讨逆断层对构造裂缝控制作用的基础上, 应用Comsol有限元软件, 模拟不同水平作用力、不同岩性、不同断层倾角和距断层面远近等因素影响下断层及其周边区域的应力、应变情况, 并分析了不同控制因素下构造裂缝发育的规律。模拟结果表明, 构造裂缝的发育程度随施加的水平应力作用增大而线性增大; 岩石破裂前产生的应变量可用来描述岩石的脆性, 抗压强度对岩石破裂起主导作用, 而岩石的抗剪强度与岩石破裂发育有一定的相关性; 逆断层倾角存在一个临界角度, 使构造裂缝发育最为强烈; 逆断层控制裂缝发育, 距离断裂面越远裂缝发育程度越低, 并存在一个发育程度骤减的范围, 称为"断裂控制带", 该断裂控制带的形成和分布应该与断裂的性质、规模、断距及岩石力学参数等有关。
- 逆断层 /
- 数值模拟 /
- 构造应力场 /
- 构造裂缝
Abstract: Based on the research on development of structural fractures that controlled by reverse fault, this study has simulated the distribution of the stress, strain and the development rules of fractures under the different conditions of horizontal forces, lithological characters, fault dip and the different distances to fault location in the fault zone by using COMSOL finite element software. It is shown by the simulation results that the development degree of structure fractures increases linearly with the increase of horizontal forces. The strain generated before rock failure can be used to describe the brittle properties of rock. Compressive strength is the main factor that makes rocks rupture and the shear strength of rock has relationship with the development of rock fracture. There is a critical angle in reverse fault dip and it can make the fracture strongest developed. The fracture density decreases as the distance from the reverse fault increases and there is a damage region controlled by reverse fault where the fracture density decreases sharply. This region is closely related to the mechanics, scale, displacement of the reverse fault and rock mechanics parameters.
- reverse fault /
- numerical simulation /
- structure stress field /
- structural fracture

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图 1 逆断层地质模型

Figure 1. The geological model of reverse fault

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图 2 逆断层的平面力学模型

Figure 2. The plane mechanical model of reverse fault

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图 3 应力分布

Figure 3. The distribution of stresses

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图 4 应力等值线

Figure 4. The equipotential lines of stresses

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图 5 应变分布

Figure 5. The distribution of strains

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图 6 应变等值线

Figure 6. The equipotential lines of strains

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图 7 不同水平应力作用下最大应力和应变分布

Figure 7. Distributions of the maximum stress and strain values under different horizontal stresses

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图 8 不同岩性条件下最大应力和最大应变分布

Figure 8. Distributions of the maximum stress and strain values under the different lithology

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图 9 不同倾角下最大应力和最大应变分布

Figure 9. Distributions of the maximum stress and strain values under the different fault dips

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图 10 断层面附近的截面

Figure 10. The section of the revere fault plane

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图 11 距离断层带不同位置应力及应变分布

Figure 11. The distribution of the stress values in different positions from fault plane

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图 12 一间房南逆断层剖面和裂缝面密度-距断层距离关系^[23]

Figure 12. Profile of structural fracture measurement in southern YJF reverse fault and the distribution of fracture density

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表 1 不同水平应力作用下最大应力、应变值

Table 1. The maximum stress and strain values under different horizontal stresses

水平应力/MPa	最大应力/MPa	最大应变/cm
10	10.82	0.1726
12	13.25	0.2070
15	17.05	0.2590
20	21.64	0.3453
30	33.80	0.5187
40	43.29	0.6906

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表 2 不同岩石岩石力学参数

Table 2. The mechanics parameters of different rocks

岩性	密度/(g·cm^-3)	杨氏模量/GPa	泊松比	抗压强度/MPa	抗剪强度/MPa
白云岩	2450	51.26	0.335	49.00	5.2
灰质白云岩	2250	72.68	0.205	70.74	0.7
灰岩	1950	64.30	0.274	104.92	10.0

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表 3 不同岩性下最大应力、应变值

Table 3. The maximum stress and strain values under different lithology

岩性	最大应力/MPa	最大应变/cm
白云岩	13.07	0.2577
灰质白云岩	13.14	0.1826
灰岩	13.25	0.2070

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表 4 不同断层倾角下最大应力、应变值

Table 4. The maximum stress and strain values under different fault dips

断层倾角/(°)	最大应力/MPa	最大应变/cm
10	13.25	0.2070
15	13.96	0.1956
20	35.76	0.2489
25	23.61	0.1701
30	27.59	0.1908

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