EAST ASIAN MONSOON CHANGES DURING THE HOLOCENE———RECORDS FROM THE SOUTHEASTERN LOESS PLATEAU
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摘要: 在全球变暖背景下，未来东亚季风的变化一直备受关注，而东亚季风演化规律的研究能够为未来的预测提供重要基础。黄土-古土壤序列几乎连续地记录了古东亚季风变化的信息，本文选取黄土高原东南部的荥阳、偃师、灵宝、吉县、丁村五个剖面进行磁化率和古风化强度分析，重建了黄土高原东南部两万年以来的东亚夏季风演化历史: 18～12 ka B. P.，季风强度较弱; 12～10 ka B. P.，季风强度显著增强; 10～6 ka B. P.，季风强度最强; 6 ka B. P.以后季风强度逐渐减弱。对比发现黄土高原东南缘全新世东亚夏季风的演化与东亚季风区不同纬度代表性记录基本同步，没有显著的区域性差别; 东亚夏季风变化主要受控于北半球低纬太阳辐射，但存在明显滞后。同时发现全新世古土壤磁化率与古风化强度峰值在地层中的位置往往不一致，在风化较强的地区，古风化强度最大值位置偏下，两个指标相比，古风化强度能够更客观地反映东亚夏季风强度。Abstract: The influence of global warming on East Asian Monsoon (EAM) has received intensive concern, and studies on history of EAM could provide important climate analogue in the warmer temperature context.Five loess-paleosol sequences in the southeastern Loess Plateau were sampled to address the history of EAM during the last 20 ka.The intensity of EAM was weak from 18 to 12 ka B.P., increased rapidly in the interval of 12-10 ka B.P, and reached highest points during 10-6 ka B.P., and declined after 6 ka B.P.The proxies of summer monsoon, magnetic susceptibility and paleo-weathering intensity in this study is basically timely consistent with the geological records in different part of EAM region.The insolation of low-latitude northern hemisphere is main control factor of EAM, although changes of EAM lagged variations of insolation of low-latitude northern hemisphere.The lag may be induced by several important boundary conditions (e.g., scales of polar ice sheet in northern high latitudes, sea level changes, interaction between sea and atmosphere in low latitudes) of EAM to insolation and interaction between components of climate system.Additionally, our studies showed that magnetic susceptibility (MS) and maximum FeD/FeT values in same section were not in same position of soil profiles, with lower position of maximum FeD/FeT value than that of MS in relatively strong weathering area.Compared with MS, FeD/FeT ratio can better reflect the intensity of EAM.
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Key words:
- loess /
- magnetic susceptibility /
- paleo-weathering intensity /
- East Asian summer monsoon
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图 1 黄土高原观测剖面分布图
(黑圆点为本文研究剖面位置，黑框表示有明确测年结果剖面位置)
Figure 1. Locations of XY, YS, LB, DC and JX sections
图 2 黄土高原东南部荥阳、偃师、灵宝、丁村、吉县剖面磁化率与FeD/FeT值
灰色矩形代表的是FeD/FeT的峰值位置，实线为磁化率，虚线为FeD/FeT值
Figure 2. Magnetic susceptibility and FeD/FeT values on XY, YS, LB, DC and JX sections Grey bar indicates maximum values of FeD/FeT. Dashed lines, FeD/FeT. Solid line, magnetic susceptibility
图 3 黄土高原东南部黄土古风化强度与东亚夏季风指标、冰芯记录的对比
a. GISP2冰芯中氧同位素[29]; b.三宝洞石笋氧同位素[30]; c.北纬30°太阳辐射[31]; d.黄土高原东南部古风化强度(虚线为5个剖面FeD/FeT值，实线为5个剖面平均的FeD/FeT值); e.东亚季风有效湿度指数[32]; f.渭南黄土剖面的植硅体组合重建过去20 ka的降雨量[33]; g.岱海钻孔中10 ka以来的木本花粉浓度的变化[34]; h.巴彦查干湖钻孔中10 ka以来盘星藻浓度的变化[35]
Figure 3. Comparison of paleo-weathering intensity in southeastern Loess Plateau and several proxies such as EAM and oxygen isotope record of ice core
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