鄂尔多斯盆地油气发现历史回顾与经验教训(一)——从鄂尔多斯漫长找油气史看李四光1968年底谈话的历史意义

孙肇才

鄂尔多斯盆地油气发现历史回顾与经验教训(一)——从鄂尔多斯漫长找油气史看李四光1968年底谈话的历史意义

孙肇才

中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所，江苏无锡 214151

详细信息

作者简介:
孙肇才(1932-), 男, 教授级高级工程师, 长期从事石油地质调查及勘探领域的研究工作

中图分类号: TE132.1
计量
- 文章访问数: 212
- HTML全文浏览量: 257
- PDF下载量: 10
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2010-08-17
- 刊出日期: 2010-09-28

REVIEW ON THE HISTORY, EXPERIENCES AND LESSONS FROM PETROLEUM DISCOVERY IN ORDOS BASIN (Ⅰ):IMPLICATIONS OF THE TALK BY LI SIGUANG IN 1968

SUN Zhao-cai

Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, SINOPEC, Wuxi 214151, China

摘要

摘要: 鄂尔多斯盆地油气勘探历史漫长, 新中国成立之前, 盆地内只开展了少量的油气勘探工作, 大量系统的石油地质调查和勘探开始于新中国成立之后。在1955-1968年的14年间, 虽然积累了大量地质资料和寻找油气的经验教训, 但既未发现工业油气流, 也没有提出可以肯定能发现油气的地区或目标。自1969年起, 遵照李四光"打回老家去"的指示精神, 石油普查工作从渭河与河套外围地堑转回鄂尔多斯大盆地, 先后在庆阳、华池、吴旗地区发现了6个侏罗系油田, 在延安-吴旗以北发现了5个亿吨级大油田, 在盆地中部发现了奥陶系陕北大气田。鄂尔多斯盆地油气发现历史表明, 油气的发现来自于地质学家的观念, 应重视以地质锤和放大镜起家的基础地质工作, 地质调查方法应用及勘查程序上必须有针对性, 既不能把复杂问题简单化, 也不能将特殊问题一般对待, 应按照实际情况确定选区方针, 发现问题并解决问题。
- 鄂尔多斯盆地 /
- 油气勘探 /
- 三叠系延长组 /
- 侏罗系延安组 /
- 勘查程序
Abstract: The history of oil and gas exploration in Ordos Basin is long.Before the founding of new China, few of oil and gas surveying has been done in the basin.A lot of systematic petroleum geological survey and exploration began after the founding of new China.During the 14 years from 1955 to 1968, a large number of geological data have been accumulated, but neither commercial petroleum has been found, nor definite prospects or targets have been determined.Since 1969, according to the instruction of "return to Ordos Basin", the petroleum exploration came back to Ordos Basin from Weihe and Hetao Graben.Six Jurassic oil fields in Qingyang, Huachi and Wuqi, five large oil fields over hundred-million tons in northern Yan'an-Wuqi, and a large Ordovician gas field in centre of the basin had discovered successively.History of petroleum exploration in Ordos Basin showed that oil and gas discovery comes from geologist's idea.We should attach great importance to basic geologic survey.Application of geologic surveying methods and exploration procedure must have pertinence.Neither can simplify the complicated issues, nor can generally approach the special problems.The exploration areas must be determined according to the actual situation.
- Ordos Basin /
- petroleum exploration /
- Triassic Yanchang Formation /
- Jurassic Yan'an Formation /
- exploration procedure
注释:
编者按:
以下二篇论文的作者孙肇才教授在鄂尔多斯盆地从事油气勘查工作近20年, 历经了油气发现的艰辛和曲折, 是鄂尔多斯盆地油气发现的重要领导者和见证人之一。1968年底, 在鄂尔多斯盆地油气勘探迟迟未能取得突破、队伍陷入困境之时, 时任原地质矿产部第三石油普查勘探大队总工程师的孙肇才教授, 根据李四光部长"打回老家去"的指示精神, 重回陕甘宁, 主持部署钻探的庆参1井获油气突破。他还参与了陕甘宁石油会战华池、吴旗、志丹等地区一批关键井的遴选, 是陕甘宁石油普查阶段总结报告的主笔及"让开大路占领两厢"早、中侏罗世地层型油气田富集规律的倡导者, 是当前陕北古生代大气田地质构造背景——鄂尔多斯古中央隆起的提出者。另外, 他在总结鄂尔多斯含油气盆地风格和油气形成规律时, 在长期第一线实践的基础上, 以"融未知于已知, 化意外为意中"的哲学观点, 对盆地的构造地质问题进行深入的理论概括。他的油气勘探思想和实践经验具有重要的理论意义和实践指导意义, 值得广大油气勘探工作者学习和借鉴。

HTML全文

图 1 鄂尔多斯盆地渭北挠褶带构造纲要图(★表示在J₁f-T₃面上流出石油的采煤坑道位置)

Figure 1. Tectonic framework of North Weihe flexural fold in Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 鄂尔多斯盆地T₆层构造等高线图(西倾大斜坡)

1-盆地边界; 2-延₆等深线; 3-下古生界气田; 4-上古生界气田

Figure 2. Tectonic contour map of T₆ sequence in Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界厚度图

Figure 3. A map showing Neopaleozoic thickness in Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 鄂尔多斯盆地及其南北两端新生界

Figure 4. Cenozoic uplifts and grabens on the south and north ends of Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 通过渭南南北三门系(永乐店群1-3组)岩相横剖面图

Figure 5. Lithofacies of Sanmen System (Member 1-3 of Yongledian Group) across southern and northern Weinan area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 鄂尔多斯盆地石油普查工区(1955-1969)转移示意图

Figure 6. A sketch map showing the changes of working areas of petroleum reconnaissance from 1955 to 1969 in Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 鄂尔多斯盆地中下侏罗系延安组(T_1-2y)沉积环境

1-沉积剥蚀边界; 2-河道; 3-冲积平原; 4-开阔湖; 5-三角洲; 6-潟湖

Figure 7. Sedimentary environments of Yan'an Formation in the Middle and Lower Jurassic (T_1-2y) in Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

参考文献(15)

[1]	Pan C H.Nonmarine origin of petroleum in north Shensi, and the Cretaceous of Szechuan, China[J].AAPG Bulletin, 1941, 25(11):2058~2068. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/281423278_Nonmarine_origin_of_petroleum_in_North_Shensi_and_the_Cretaceous_of_Szechuan_China
[2]	李四光.燃料的问题[J].现代评论, 1928, 7(173):8~12. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10183-2010107524.htm LI Si-guang.Problem of fuel[J].Contemporary Review, 1928, 7(173):8~12. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10183-2010107524.htm
[3]	谢家荣.石油[M].北京:商务印书馆, 1930. XIE Jia-rong.Petroleum[M].Beijing:Commercial Press, 1930.
[4]	孙肇才. 鄂尔多斯盆地形成和中生代沉积坳陷带的发展演变[A]. 见: 孙肇才. 孙肇才石油地质论文选[C]. 北京: 地质出版社, 2003. SUN Zhao-cai. Formation of Ordos Basin and development and evolution of Mesozoic depositional depression zone[A]. In: SUN Zhao-cai. Collected papers on petroleum geology from SUN Zhao-cia[C]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 2003.
[5]	《中国石油天然气勘查与发现》编辑部. 中国石油天然气的勘查与发现[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 1992. Editorial department of "Oil and gas exploration and discovery in China". Oil and gas exploration and discovery in China[M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 1992.
[6]	杨俊杰.鄂尔多斯盆地构造演化与油气分布规律[M].北京:石油工业出版社, 2002. YANG Jun-jie.Structure evolution and petroleum distributions in Ordos Basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press, 2002.
[7]	张福礼.鄂尔多斯盆地早古生代复合的古构造体系与天然气[J].地质力学学报, 2002, 8(3):193~200. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2003.03.001 ZHANG Fu-li.Compound ancient tectonic system and natural gas of Early Paleozoic in Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Geomechanics, 2003, 8(3):193~200. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2003.03.001
[8]	郑翻身, 康屹青, 康红在, 等.鄂尔多斯古陆核内部中生代晚期火山岩的发现及其地质意义[J].地质力学学报, 2009, 15(1):69~76. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2009.01.006 ZHENG Fan-shen, KANG Yi-qing, KANG Hong-zai, et al.Discovery of Late Mesozoic magmatic rocks in Ordos ancient continent nucleus and its geological implication[J].Journal of Geomechanics, 2009, 15(1):69~76. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2009.01.006
[9]	田亚铭, 施泽进, 宋江海, 等.鄂尔多斯盆地东南缘延长组砂岩储集层裂缝特征研究[J].地质力学学报, 2009, 15(3):281~288. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2009.03.010 TIAN Ya-ming, SHI Ze-jin, SONG Jiang-hai, et al.Characteristics of fractures in the sandstone reservoirs of Yanchang Formation in southeastern Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Geomechanics, 2009, 15(3):281~288. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2009.03.010
[10]	张林炎, 范昆, 刘进东, 等.鄂尔多斯盆地镇原-泾川地区三叠系延长组构造裂缝分布定量预测[J].地质力学学报, 2006, 12(4):476~484. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2006.04.011 ZHANG Lin-yan, FAN Kun, LIU Jin-dong, et al.Quantitative prediction of distribution of tectonic fractures in the Yanchang Formation in the Zhenyuan-Jingchuan area, Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Geomechanics, 2006, 12(4):476~484. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2006.04.011
[11]	张克银.鄂尔多斯盆地南部中生界成藏动力学系统分析[J].地质力学学报, 2005, 11(1):25~32. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2005.01.004 ZHANG Ke-yin.Analysis of the Mesozoic accumulation-forming dynamic system in the southern Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Geomechanics, 2005, 11(1):25~32. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2005.01.004
[12]	邢振辉, 程林松, 周新桂, 等.鄂尔多斯盆地北部塔巴庙地区上古生界致密砂岩气藏天然裂缝形成机理浅析[J].地质力学学报, 2005, 11(1):33~42. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2005.01.005 XING Zhen-hui, CHENG Lin-song, ZHOU Xin-gui, et al.Mechanism of natural fracture formation in the Upper Paleozoic tight sand gas reservoirs in the Tabamiao area, north Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Geomechanics, 2005, 11(1):33~42. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2005.01.005
[13]	周新桂, 张林炎.鄂尔多斯盆地北部塔巴庙地区与地层挠曲变形有关的构造裂缝分布定量预测[J].地质力学学报, 2005, 11(3):215~225. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2005.03.003 ZHOU Xin-gui, ZHANG Lin-yan.Quantitative prediction of the distribution of tectonic fractures related to flexural deformation in Upper Paleozoic tight sand reservoirs in the Tabamiao area, northern Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Geomechanics, 2005, 11(3):215~225. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2005.03.003
[14]	武丽, 施炜, 董宁, 等.鄂尔多斯盆地塔巴庙区块下石盒子组砂岩储层含气性预测[J].地质力学学报, 2005, 11(3):226~234. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2005.03.004 WU Li, SHI Wei, DONG Ning, et al.Prediction of gas potentials of sand reservoirs of the Lower Shihezi Formation in the Tabamiao area, Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Geomechanics, 2005, 11(3):226~234. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2005.03.004
[15]	Dicky P A.Oil is found with ideas[M].Tulsa:Tulsa Geological Society, 1958.84.