Abstract: Yunnan plateau is one of the four plateaus in China.Comparatively,there are only a few researches on the environmental evolution and its resource environmental effects,and these researches are not deep enough.The research on plateau environmental evolution in the Yunnan will be beneficial to solving the problems of the uniqueness of Yunnan plateau and to the development of earth science,and will be beneficial to the implement of Great Development in Western Provinces of China and the sustainable development.After Yunan underwent the peneplanation in Tertiary its environmental evolution began from the Yunan movement occurring in late Pliocene which made the leveling surface displacement and disaggregated,then the modern landform and water system were formed gradually,and the environment controlled by the ancient monsoon changed alternating influence of south-east and south-west monsoons,then the biology diversity,environmental diversity and resource diversity came into being,and influenced the diversity of ethnicity,the diversity of culture.