滇西北永胜地区主要活动断裂与活动构造体系

黄小龙; 吴中海; 吴坤罡; 周春景

滇西北永胜地区主要活动断裂与活动构造体系

1.
中国地质科学院地质力学研究所, 北京 100081
2.
北京大学地球与空间科学学院, 北京 100871

基金项目:

中国地质调查局地质调查项目 12120114002101

中国地质调查局地质调查项目 121201104000150010

详细信息

作者简介:
黄小龙(1989-), 男, 博士研究生, 从事新构造与地震地质研究。E-mail:tinyloong@163.com

中图分类号: P546
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-04-30
- 刊出日期: 2016-09-28

THE MAIN ACTIVE FAULTS AND TECTONIC SYSTEM IN YONGSHENG AREA, NORTHWESTERN YUNNAN

1.
Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
2.
School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

摘要

摘要: 位于滇西北断陷带东北部、程海-宾川断裂带北端的永胜地区上新世以来断裂活动强烈，构造地貌特征显著。永胜地区1：50000活动构造填图发现，区内共存在各类断裂14条。其中金官断裂（F₁）、永胜断裂（F₂）、木耳坪羊坪断裂（F₃）三者规模最大，活动性亦远超其他断裂，属于程海-宾川断裂带的一级分支断裂，其他断裂为程海-宾川断裂的二级分支断裂。构造地貌特征、错断地质体及擦痕统计等均指示区内断裂现今主要以伸展正断活动为主，根据活动性的差异可将其分为强、较强、中等、弱、极弱5类，其中金官断裂的活动性最强，垂向活动速率可达0.20~0.26 mm/a。对永胜地区主要断裂几何学、运动学特征的研究及动力学机制的讨论可知，永胜地区主要断裂在平面上构成向东突出的弧形旋扭构造体系，在剖面上表现为张扭性断裂常见的负花状构造；程海-宾川断裂带现今活动主要是在近南北向主压应力作用下产生的近东西向的伸展正断，并因为叠加了旋扭作用而具有一定左旋走滑。永胜地区的弧形旋扭构造体系及滇西北断陷带等均是在川滇内弧带顺时针旋转及南汀河断裂、畹町断裂与理塘断裂的走滑拉分共同作用下形成的。
- 滇西北 /
- 永胜 /
- 程海-宾川断裂带 /
- 活动断裂 /
- 弧形旋扭构造体系
Abstract: Yongsheng located in the northeast of Dali fault system and the north end of Chenghai-Binchuan fault zone. Faults in Yongsheng area have been strongly active since the Pliocene and with significantly tectonic geomorphology characteristics. According from 1:50000 active fault mapping, there are 14 faults in Yongcheng-Jinguan area. Jinguan Fault (F1), Yongsheng Fault (F2) and Muerping-Yangping Fault (F3) are the largest scale and with strongest activity among them. They belong to the first class branch faults of Chenghai-Binchuan fault zone, the others belong to the second class branch faults. Tectonic landform characteristic, geological bodies broken by fault and the results of striations statistics all indicate that faults in Yongsheng area normal fault activities was the predominance. According to the activity, faults in this area are divided in to five classes, including stronger, strong, medium, weak and weaker. Jinguan fault is the most active fault among them, the vertical movement rate up to 0.2~0.26 mm/a. The geometry, kinematics and dynamics features of the main faults in Yongsheng area have been discussed. The result shows that the faults in Yongsheng area make up an east protruding curved rotational shear tectonic system in the plane, and form a negative flower structure in profile which was very common among transtension fault system. The current activity of Chenghai-Binchuan fault zone is near EW extension is mainly caused by the near SN compressive stress. And it has a certain left lateral strike slip because of the superposition of the twisting action. The curved rotational shear tectonic system in Yongsheng area and the Northwest Yunnan rift zone are all form from arc belt clockwise in Sichuan-Yunnan and the strike slip puil apart process of Nandinghe fracture、Wanding fracture and Litang fracture.
- northwest Yunnan /
- Yongsheng /
- Chenghai-Binchuan fault zone /
- active fault /
- arc rotating structure system

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图 1 滇西北区域活动构造简图^[3]

Figure 1. Regional active structure schematic of northwest Yunnan

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图 2 永胜地区主要活动断裂分布及地形剖面图

F₁—金官断裂；F₂—永胜断裂；F₃—木耳坪羊坪断裂；F₄—永胜盆地西缘断裂；F₅—胡家村断裂； F₆—杨家村断裂；F₇—东岩子断裂；F₈—梅家湾断裂；F₉—洪水荡断裂；F₁₀—凉水村断裂； F₁₁—小甸尾断裂；F₁₂—新营村断裂；F₁₃—五里箐断裂；F₁₄—羊坪水库断裂

Figure 2. Major active faults and topographic profile of Yongsheng area

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图 3 金官断裂及其次级断裂的地表证据

a—金官断裂上的断崖及古地震滑坡(镜像北)；b—灰岩地层中发育的断层面及断层崖(镜像北东，黄色箭头标注的为断面位置)；c—被金官断裂错断的古地震滑坡体(镜像北东)；d—沿金官断裂南段发育的断层崖(镜像北东)；e—杨家村断裂控制的断层三角面(镜像南东)；f—东岩子断裂上发育的断层破碎带(镜像南西)；g—被梅家湾断层错断的上新世地层(镜像东)；h—洪水荡微型断陷盆地及三刀山地貌(镜像南东)

Figure 3. The field evidences of Jinguan fault and its secondary faults

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图 4 永胜地区地质及地质剖面图

Figure 4. Geological and geological profile map of Yongsheng area with major active faults

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图 5 永胜断裂、木耳坪-羊坪断裂及其次级断裂的地表证据

a—永胜盆地东侧线性的断层三角面(镜像南东东)；b—方家村东侧断层出露面上的擦痕；c—南山店东侧被错断的阶地(镜像南)；d—木耳坪盆地东侧线性的断层地貌及古地震滑坡体(镜像北)；e—木耳坪—羊坪断裂上出露的断面(镜像北)；f—断面上的擦痕

Figure 5. The field evidences of Yongsheng fault, Muerping-Yangping fault and their secondary faults

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图 6 永胜地区活动断裂弧形旋扭构造体系图

Figure 6. The active fault arc rotating structure system in Yongsheng area

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图 7 弧形旋扭构造体系成因模式图

Ⅰ—川滇外弧带，Ⅰ-1—玉树-鲜水河-小江-奠边府弧形构造边界带；Ⅰ-2—雅江-楚雄-景洪断块区；Ⅱ—川滇内弧带；Ⅱ-1—理塘-大理-瑞丽弧形构造边界带；Ⅱ-2—德钦-保山断块区

Figure 7. Genetic model of arc rotating structure system

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表 1 永胜地区主要活动断裂及其活动性

Table 1. Main active faults in Yongsheng area and their activity

断层名称	断裂编号	产状		长度/km	性质	垂向位移量/m	活动速率/(mm·a^-1)	活动性分级
断层名称	断裂编号	倾向	倾角/(°)	长度/km	性质	垂向位移量/m	活动速率/(mm·a^-1)	活动性分级
金官断裂	F₁	W—SW	60	25	正断	1000~1300	0.20~0.26	强
永胜断裂	F₂	W—SW	54	35	正断	800~850	0.16~0.17	较强
木耳坪—羊坪断裂	F₃	W—SW	41	30	正断	500~600	0.10~0.12	中等
金官盆地西缘断裂	F₄	E—NE	-	-	正断	-	-	极弱
胡家村断裂	F₅	W	-	7	正断	60	0.012	弱
杨家村断裂	F_6-1	W	67	5	正断	150	0.03	弱
杨家村断裂	F_6-2	E	-	1.3	正断	-	-	极弱
东岩子断裂	F_7-1	W	-	5	正断	200	0.04	弱
东岩子断裂	F_7-2	E	-	2.5	正断	-	-	极弱
梅家湾断裂	F_8-1	W	-	4.5	正断	220	0.044	弱
梅家湾断裂	F_8-2	E	65	4	正断	-	-	极弱
洪水荡断裂	F₉	W	-	2	正断	-	-	极弱
凉水村断裂	F₁₀	E	-	-	正断	-	-	极弱
小甸尾断裂	F₁₁	W	-	-	正断	-	-	极弱
新营村断裂	F_12-1	SE	-	2.5	正断	＞60	＞0.012	弱
新营村断裂	F_12-2	NW	-	2	正断	-	-	极弱
五里箐断裂	F₁₃	W	-	8	正断	200	0.04	弱
羊坪水库断裂	F_14-1	W	-	-	正断	-	-	极弱
羊坪水库断裂	F_14-2	E	-	3	正断	-	-	弱

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