围压下裂隙对地震波速度影响的物理实验研究

赵卫华; 王红才; 魏建新; 孙东生; 李阿伟

围压下裂隙对地震波速度影响的物理实验研究

赵卫华^{1, 2,},
王红才^{1, 2},
魏建新³,
孙东生^{1, 2},
李阿伟^{1, 2}

1.
中国地质科学院地质力学研究所, 北京 100081
2.
国土资源部新构造与地质灾害重点实验室, 北京 100081
3.
中国石油大学(北京)CNPC重点实验室, 北京 102249

基金项目:

中国地质调查局地质调查项目“特殊地质地貌区填图试点” DD20160060

详细信息

作者简介:
赵卫华(1984-), 男, 硕士, 主要从事岩石物理学、岩石力学及地应力等研究工作。E-mail:weihuazhao@163.com

中图分类号: P315.3
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-06-20
- 刊出日期: 2016-12-01

STUDY ON SEISMIC PROPERTY OF CRACK-INCLUDED PHYSICAL MODEL

ZHAO Wei-hua^{1, 2
,},
WEI Jian-xin^{1, 2},
SUN Dong-sheng³,
LI A-wei^{1, 2},
WANG Hong-cai^{1, 2}

1.
Institute of Geomechanics, CAGS, Beijing 100081, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Neotectonic Movement and Geohazard, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100081, China
3.
CNPC Key Lab of Geophysical Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Changping District, Beijing, 102249, China

摘要

摘要: 构建了等直径不同裂隙密度和等裂隙密度不同裂隙直径两组物理模型，进行不同围压条件下多方向的超声波速度测试，并运用Hudson理论进行了理论模型计算。结果显示，计算与实测结果吻合较好。随围压的增大，纵、横波速度均近线性增加，纵、横波各向异性基本保持不变；裂隙密度从2%增大到6%，纵波速度不同程度降低，其中慢纵波降低幅度相对较大，快横波变化不明显，而慢横波则大幅降低。随着裂隙密度的增大，纵、横波各向异性均增大，且横波各向异性增加速率大于纵波；裂隙直径从2 mm增大到3 mm，快纵波速度增加很小，慢纵波增加明显，横波速度均不发生改变。随着裂隙直径的增大，纵波各向异性逐渐降低，横波各向异性保持不变。最后结合试验结果分析了Hudson理论在不同深度进行参数预测的必要条件。研究结果有助于油气生产、地下水的开采与控制、污染处理等。
- 裂隙 /
- Hudson理论 /
- 物理模型 /
- 波速 /
- 围压
Abstract: It is very helpful in petroleum production, groundwater exploration and to disposal of pollution to investigate the seismic property of the crustal rocks included cracks or fractures. Two group physical models with the same diameter varying crack density and the same density varying diameters were constructed. The seismic velocities were measured under different confining pressure and calculated by numerical simulation based on Hudson theory. The calculated and measured results show that the V_p and V_s nearly increase linearity and there anisotropy keep nearly stable constant with confining pressure. V_p circles decrease with the crack density varying from 2% to 6%. Moreover, the slow V_p decrease more amplitude than the fast V_p which maintains nearly stable, the V_p and V_s anisotropy all increase with the crack density ranging from 2% to 6%.With the crack diameter varying from 2 mm to 3 mm, the V_p increases, but the V_p anisotropy decreases, V_s and the V_s anisotropy nearly remain constant. Comparing the experimental and the theoretical calculated results, new conclusion of Hudson theory used in different depth was discussed, and the primary constraint of its application were analyzed. It is very helpful in petroleum production, exploration of groundwater and disposal of pollution to investigaste the seismic property of the crustal rocks with cracks or fractures.
- crack /
- Hudson theory /
- rock physical model /
- velocity /
- confining pressure

HTML全文

图 1 样品裂隙分布与XYZ分布示意图

Figure 1. Simplified diagram of distribution of crack and X Y Z

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 样品Z04实测纵、横波速度随围压的变化

Figure 2. The measured V_p and V_s varying with the confining pressure (Sample Z04)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 样品Z02实测与计算纵、横波速度随围压的变化

Figure 3. The measured and calculated V_p and V_s varying with the confining pressure (Sample Z02)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 直径2 mm的3种裂隙密度模型纵、横波速度随围压的变化

Figure 4. V_p and V_s of 3 samples (crack diameter 2 mm) with different crack density varying with confining pressure

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 直径2 mm的3种裂隙密度模型纵、横波各向异性随围压的变化

Figure 5. V_p and V_s anisotropy of 3 samples (crack diameter 2 mm) with different crack density varying with confining pressure

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 围压25 MPa直径2 mm的3种模型纵、横波各向异性随裂隙密度的变化

Figure 6. Anisotropy of 3 samples varying with crack density (crack diameter 2 mm, confining pressure 25 MPa)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 裂隙密度4%的3种直径模型纵、横波速度随围压的变化

Figure 7. V_p and V_s of 3 samples with different diameter varying with confining pressure(crack density 4%)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 裂隙密度4%的3种直径模型纵、横波各向异性随围压的变化

Figure 8. V_p and V_s anisotropy of 3 samples with different crack diameters varying with confining pressure (Crack density 4%)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 围压25 MPa裂隙密度4%的3种模型纵、横波各向异性随裂隙直径的变化

Figure 9. Anisotropy of 3 samples varying with crack diameters (Crack density 4%, confining pressure 25MPa)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 样品参数信息

Table 1. Sample parameters

样品编号	直径/mm	高度/mm	裂隙密度/%	裂隙直径/mm	密度/(g·cm^-3)
M0	25.40	37.12	-	-	1.109
M1-1	25.38	47.48	0	-	1.174
Z02X	25.32	43.26	2	2	1.168
Z02Y	25.42	48.82	2	2	1.180
Z02Z	25.42	43.46	2	2	1.174
Z04X	25.42	47.84	4	2	1.176
Z04Y	25.44	47.66	4	2	1.176
Z04Z	25.42	47.52	4	2	1.175
Z06X	25.40	49.42	6	2	1.166
Z06Y	25.42	49.56	6	2	1.178
Z06Z	25.42	47.36	6	2	1.177
Z08X	25.42	45.74	4	2.5	1.169
Z08Y	25.40	47.02	4	2.5	1.176
Z08Z	25.42	48.82	4	2.5	1.171
Z10X	25.42	49.02	4	3	1.173
Z10Y	25.42	48.16	4	3	1.176
Z10Z	25.40	47.74	4	3	1.175

下载: 导出CSV

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