BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ACTIVE TECTONICS AND ASSOCIATED GEODYNAMIC PROCESSES IN CONTINENTAL CHINA
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摘要: 中国大陆活动构造的研究经历了近百年历程，特别是二十世纪八十年代以来取得了诸多研究成果和显著进展，大量的针对性、专业性、目标性极强的调查和综合性研究工作，奠定了中国大陆活动构造定量研究的基础成果。文章通过回顾活动构造研究历史，综合大量已有研究成果，总结了中国大陆活动构造的基本特征及其对区域动力过程的控制作用。综合认为，中国大陆特殊的构造位置，造就了复杂的构造格局，受不同方向板块运动的影响，致使现今活动构造的运动性质差异明显。从总体上看，中国大陆活动构造几何图像主要体现为由受控于区域性大断裂的不同性质和规模的活动构造共同构成。文章分区对活动构造的基本特征、几何图像、运动特征及对地震的控制作用进行了总结，并结合中国大陆动力学总体特征，以及活动构造对中国大陆构造变形和强震活动的控制作用，对重点区域动力过程及模式进行了总结。结合目前新技术和新方法的发展，对活动构造未来可能的研究方向和目标提出了展望。Abstract: Many achievements and remarkable progress have been made in active tectonics in China, especially since the 1980s. These studies have laid a foundation for the quantitative study of active tectonics, based on a large number of extensive professional, targeted investigation and comprehensive research work. This paper reviews the research history of active tectonics and synthesizes a large number of previous studies, in order to summarize the basic characteristics of the active tectonics in continental China and its control over the regional geodynamic processes. The structural complexity generally results from the unique tectonic location. The modern crustal deformation is spatially various due to plate tectonics from different directions. On the whole, the geometric images of active tectonics in continental China are mainly composed of active tectonics of different properties and sizes controlled by regional faults. In this paper, we summarized the basic characteristics, geometric images and kinematic features, and the effects of these factors on earthquake. In addition, we also explore the regional geodynamic processes and modes in typical regions based on the general geodynamic characteristics of the continental China and the control of active tectonics on the tectonic deformation and strong seismic activities. Finally, combined with the development of new technologies and methods, the research directions and objectives in the future are illustrated.
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图 6 中国大陆及邻区GPS速度场与活动断裂展布
(GPS数据来源于中国大陆构造环境监测网络CMONOC二期，相对于欧亚框架下的速率结果[133]；断层数据据文献[3, 9, 13, 15, 24]修改)
Figure 6. Major active faults and Global Positioning System (GPS) velocity field of crustal motion in continental China relative to the stable Eurasia
(Fault data from references [3, 9, 13, 15, 24]); the GPS velocities from reference[133]
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