Paleogene fault system in the Xianhe mining area, Dongying Sag, Bohai Bay Basin and its evolution
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摘要: 受双重动力背景控制，渤海湾盆地东营凹陷现河矿区古近系伸展与走滑作用叠加明显，明确断裂体系叠加关系对油气勘探意义重大。文章运用高精度地震资料及钻井资料，通过井震结合解释、构造样式识别、断裂活动性定量表征及平衡剖面恢复等技术手段，从断裂类型与组合样式、断裂叠加关系、断裂活动及演化、区域动力学背景等方面开展了深入研究。结果表明：现河矿区古近系发育伸展与伸展-走滑两套断裂体系，伸展-走滑断裂基于先期伸展断裂叠加走滑作用形成。古近系主干断裂存在沙三中期和东营早期两次活动高峰，受控于伸展-走滑应力叠合作用，现河矿区古近系共经历初始伸展阶段（Ek—Es4）、强伸展阶段（Es3下—Es2下）、走滑-弱伸展阶段（Es2上—Es1）、再活化伸展阶段（Ed）和定型保留阶段（N—Q）5个主要的断裂演化阶段。Abstract: Controlled by the dual dynamic background, the superposition of Paleogene extension and strike-slip is obvious in the Xianhe mining area, Dongying sag, Bohai Bay Basin. It is of great significance for oil and gas exploration to clarify the superposition of the fault system. This paper is based on high-precision seismic data and drilling data. We conducted in-depth research on the fracture types and combination styles, fracture superposition, fracture activity and evolution, and regional dynamics background by using an integrated interpretation of well-log and seismic data, structural style identification, quantitative characterization of faulting and balanced profile recovery. The results show that two fracture systems, extensional and extensional–strike-slip, are developed in the Paleocene of the Xianhe mining area, and the extensional–strike-slip fractures are formed by the superposition of the previous extensional fractures with slip action. Regional faulting reached two peaks in the Paleogene, one is in the middle of Member 3 of the Shahejie Formation and the other is in the early Dongying Formation. Under the superposition of extensional and strike-slip stress, the faults in the Xianhe mining area experienced five major evolution stages: initial extensional stage (Ek–Es4), intensely extensional stage (Es3x–Es2x), strike-slip stage and weak extensional stage (Es2s–Es1), reactivation and extensional stage (Ed), and stabilization stage (N–Q).
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Key words:
- Bohai Bay Basin /
- Dongying Sag /
- Xianhe mining area /
- fracture system /
- combination style /
- faulting /
- evolution stages
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图 1 东营凹陷现河矿区构造位置与地层格架
a—东营凹陷构造位置；b—东营凹陷构造单元划分与现河矿区边界范围；c—现河矿区地层格架(据薛雁等，2013修改)
Figure 1. Tectonic position and stratigraphic framework of the Xianhe mining area in the Dongying Sag
(a)Tectonic position of the Dongying sag; (b)Division of tectonic units in the Dongying sag and boundary of the Xianhe mining area; (c) Stratigraphic framework of the Xianhe mining area (modified from Xue et al., 2013)
图 3 现河矿区断裂平面组合样式
Figure 3. Plane combination style of faults in the Xianhe mining area
图 4 现河矿区断裂剖面组合样式
Figure 4. Section combination style of faults in the Xianhe mining area
图 5 现河矿区主干断裂生长指数统计
Figure 5. Growth index statistics of main faults in the Xianhe mining area
图 6 现河矿区主干断裂断距-埋深曲线与生长指数剖面
注：红色曲线代表主断裂，彩色曲线代表地层，蓝色折线代表断距-埋深曲线
Figure 6. Fault displacement-buried depth curves and growth index profile of major faults in the Xianhe mining area Red curve represents the main fault; Curves with different color represent different strata; Blue broken line represents the fault displacement-buried depth curve
图 8 现河矿区古近系断裂体系形成演化过程(据侯贵廷等, 2001；Hall, 2002修改)
注: PDZ表示走滑断裂主位移带; P和R分别表示两组同向走滑断裂; R′表示一组反向走滑断裂; T表示剪切背景下形成的正断层
Figure 8. Formation and evolution of the Paleogene fault system in the Xianhe mining area (modified from Hou et al., 2001; Hall, 2002)
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