Application of basin simulation technology on the assessment of hydrocarbon resources potential of the Lunpola Basin in Tibet
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摘要: 伦坡拉盆地是西藏地区唯一取得工业油流的含油气盆地，由于地质条件复杂，油质偏稠，导致油气勘探进展缓慢。为了明确盆地油气资源潜力，有效指导下一步勘探方向，文章结合新钻探及地震资料，运用盆地模拟方法开展埋藏史、热史及生烃史研究，计算了盆地古近系生烃量和资源量。结果表明伦坡拉盆地古近系生烃量为49.80×108 t，资源量为1.507×108 t。其中以蒋日阿错为最大生烃中心，生烃量20.93×108 t，资源量1.05×108 t，江加错和爬错北部为次重要生烃中心，生烃量分别为8.83×108 t和14.76×108 t，资源量分别为0.41×108 t及0.71×108 t。从模拟结果可知，蒋日阿错洼陷、江加错洼陷资源丰度相对较高，为油气资源富集有利区，爬错洼陷由于烃源和圈闭条件较差，目前仅发现罗玛迪库构造圈闭，资源丰度较低。应用盆地模拟明确了伦坡拉盆地油气资源构成和油气资源分布有利区带，为下一步勘探指明了方向。Abstract: The Lunpola Basin is the only petroliferous basin in Tibet that has obtained industrial oil flows. Due to the complicated geologic conditions and the oil is relatively thick, the progress of its oil-gas exploration is slow. In order to analyze the potentiality of hydrocarbon resources and effectively guide the oil exploration in the future, the basin simulation technology was applied to study geologic history, thermal history, hydrocarbon-generation history and the resources amount of Paleogene in this basin was calculated by combining new drilling and seismic data. The results show that the hydrocarbon-generation quantity and oil-gas resource amount of Paleogene in the Lunpola Basin are 49.80×108 t and 1.507×108 t respectively. The Jiangriacuo Sag is the largest hydrocarbon-generation center in this basin, which has hydrocarbon-generation quantity as 20.93×108 t and the oil and gas resource amount as 1.05×108 t. The Jiangjiacuo Sag and the north part of the Pacuo Sag are the second most important hydrocarbon generation centers, which have hydrocarbon generation quantity as 8.83×108 t and 14.76×108 t, and the resources amount as 0.41×108 t and 0.71×108 t respectively. From the simulation results, considering the hydrocarbon-generation intensity, the Jiangriacuo Sag and the Jiangjiacuo Sag are the favorable areas for hydrocarbon accumulation. Because of the poor hydrocarbon source and trap conditions, only the Luomadiku structural trap has been found, and the resource abundance in the Pacuo Sag is low. By using basin simulation technology, the hydrocarbon resources composition and the favorable zones of hydrocarbon resources distribution in the Lumpola Basin are defined, which points out the direction for further exploration.
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Key words:
- Lunpola /
- resources potential /
- Paleogene /
- Niubao Group /
- Dingqinghu Group
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图 2 伦坡拉盆地中东部综合柱状图
Figure 2. Synthesis column of the middle-east of the Lunpola Basin in Tibet
图 3 伦坡拉盆地古近系剥蚀量推测分布图
Figure 3. Denudation map of the Paleogene formation in the Lunpola Basin
图 4 伦坡拉盆地古近系沉积期古地貌图
Figure 4. Paleogene sedimentary paleogeomorphology of the Lunpola Basin
图 5 模拟Ro与实验Ro数据契合关系图
Figure 5. Fitting diagram of simulated Ro and experimental Ro data
图 7 伦坡拉盆地主要烃源层段Ro分布图
Figure 7. The maturity distribution map of major source rocks in the Lunpola Basin
图 8 伦坡拉盆地主要烃源层段生烃强度分布图
Figure 8. The hydrocarbon-generation intensity of major source rocks in the Lunpola Basin
表 1 伦坡拉盆地埋藏史模拟参数
Table 1. Simulation parameters for burial history of the Lunpola Basin
地质事件 起始时间/Ma 结束时间/Ma 地质事件 起始时间/Ma 结束时间/Ma 牛一段沉积 53 47 丁一段沉积 34 23.5 牛二段沉积 47 40 丁二段沉积 23.5 5.3 牛三段沉积 40 37 丁三段沉积 5.3 1.75 始新世末剥蚀 37 34 渐新世末剥蚀 23 3 
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表 2 伦坡拉盆地模拟生烃量统计表
Table 2. Simulated hydrocarbon-generation statistics table of the Lunpola Basin
生烃量(×108 t) 丁一段 牛三段 牛二段 区带
生烃量生油 生气 生油 生气 生油 生气 达玉山逆冲带 0.27 0.01 0.09 0.01 0.48 0.12 0.98 鄂加卒逆冲带 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.05 伦坡日—长山隆起带 0.04 0.00 0.11 0.01 0.10 0.01 0.28 蒋南隆起带 0.01 0.00 0.80 0.07 2.77 0.31 3.96 爬错洼陷 21.90 0.12 46.40 0.43 61.29 12.58 14.76 江加错洼陷 0.97 0.05 36.90 0.33 27.85 1.00 8.85 蒋日阿错洼陷 0.55 0.03 40.20 0.36 12.85 31.28 20.93 总计 4.04 0.21 13.35 12.04 25.16 5.83 49.80 4.25 14.56 30.98
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表 3 伦坡拉盆地排聚系数取值表
Table 3. Table of values for oil migration and accumulation coefficients in the Lunpola Basin
评价单元 排聚条件分析 排聚系数 油 气 丁青湖组一段 烃源厚度大，成熟度低，排烃效率差，聚集条件较差 0.04 0.015 牛堡组三段 烃源热演化程度偏低，排烃效率差，烃源灶内断层发育，砂体发育，聚集条件较好 0.05 0.015 牛堡组二段 烃源热演化程度较好，排烃效率较高，临近烃源有砂体发育，聚集条件较好 0.06 0.015
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表 4 伦坡拉盆地模拟资源量统计表
Table 4. Simulated resources statistics table of the Lunpola Basin
区带\层段 丁1段 牛3段 牛2段 区带资源量
(×108 t)油资源量
(×108 t)气资源量
(×108 t)油资源量
(×108 t)气资源量
(×108 t)油资源量
(×108 t)气资源量
(×108 t)达玉山逆冲带 0.011 0.000 0.005 0.000 0.029 0.002 0.046 鄂加卒逆冲带 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.003 伦坡日—长山隆起带 0.002 0.000 0.006 0.000 0.006 0.000 0.014 蒋南隆起带 0.000 0.000 0.040 0.001 0.166 0.005 0.212 爬错洼陷 0.088 0.002 0.232 0.006 0.368 0.019 0.714 江加错洼陷 0.039 0.001 0.184 0.005 0.167 0.015 0.411 蒋日阿错洼陷 0.022 0.000 0.201 0.005 0.771 0.047 1.047 盆地 0.162 0.003 0.668 0.018 1.509 0.088 2.447
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