Palynological records and paleoclimatic significance during the middle and late Late Pleistocene in the Qingshuihe Basin, Ningxia
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摘要:
亚洲内陆荒漠化和干旱化与中国西部人类生存环境和社会可持续发展密切相关。中国西部地区的气候自晚更新世以来经历了多次冷暖、干湿变化, 研究其晚更新世古气候变化, 有助于预测未来气候的变化趋势。文章分析了宁夏南部清水河盆地晚更新世中晚期的孢粉记录, 结果显示孢粉序列可从下至上划分为4个组合带, 反映了该地区晚更新世中晚期植被和气候变化规律。研究表明研究区晚更新世中期(75~50 ka B.P.)是植被以蒿属为主的干草原, 气候温凉偏干; 晚更新世晚期(25~15 ka B.P.)由荒漠草原-干草原和疏林草原交替出现逐渐过渡到荒漠草原, 该时期冬季风呈现逐渐增强的趋势, 致使气候逐渐变冷变干, 气候类型由温凉偏湿过渡到冷干。宁夏南部清水河盆地晚更新世中晚期孢粉记录的深入研究对于正确认识黄土高原自然环境历史演变和黄土高原治理决策的制定具有重要指导意义。
Abstract:Desertification and drought in inland Asia are closely related to human habitation and social sustainability in western China. The climate in western China has experienced multiple shifts in temperature and aridity since the Late Pleistocene. Investigating this region's Late Pleistocene paleoclimatic changes contributes to predicting future climate trends. This study analyzes the pollen records from the Qingshuihe Basin in southern Ningxia during the middle to late Late Pleistocene, revealing four distinct pollen assemblage zones from bottom to top. These zones reflect paleovegetation and paleoclimate changes during the middle to late Late Pleistocene. The results indicate that during the middle Late Pleistocene (75-50 ka B.P.), the region featured a predominantly Artemisia-dominated steppe landscape with a cool and relatively dry climate. In the late Late Pleistocene (25-15 ka B.P.), the area experienced alternations between desert-steppe or steppe and forest-steppe, transitioning gradually to desert-steppe. During this period, the winter monsoon strengthened, leading to progressively cooler and drier conditions, with the climate shifting from cool and slightly moist to cold and arid. The further study of the palynological records during the middle and late Late Pleistocene in the Qingshuihe Basin of southern Ningxia holds significant implications for a proper understanding of the natural environmental history of the Loess Plateau and informs decision-making for its management.
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Key words:
- Ningxia /
- Qingshuihe Basin /
- middle and late Late Pleistocene /
- palynological records /
- paleovegetation /
- paleoclimate
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图 1 六盘山及清水河盆地区域地质简图(据马兆颖等，2020修改)
Figure 1. Regional geological map of the Liupan Mountain and the Qingshuihe Basin (modified from Ma et al., 2020)
图 2 九百户剖面和三岔村剖面柱状图和采样位置
Figure 2. Histograms and sampling locations of the Jiubaihu section and Sanchacun section
图 3 宁夏南部清水河盆地晚更新世中晚期主要孢粉类型
a—松科：冷杉属；b—松科：云杉属；c—松科：松属；d—松科：铁杉属；e, f—麻黄科；g, h—菊科：蒿属型；i—菊科：紫苑属型；j—菊科：蒲公英属型；k—菊科：蓝刺头属型；l—毛茛科；m—石竹科；n—藜科；o—禾本科；p—蔷薇科；q—桑科：葎草属；r—白花丹科；s—蒺藜科：白刺属；t—龙胆科；u—唇形科；v—无患子科：栾树属；w—桦木科：桦属；x—胡桃科；y—壳斗科：栎属；z—榆科；aa—椴树科；ab—水龙骨科
Figure 3. Photomicrographs of selected spore-pollen from the Qingshuihe Basin in southern Ningxia during the middle and late Late Pleistocene
a-Pinaceae: Abies; b-Pinaceae: Picea; c-Pinaceae: Pinus; d-Pinaceae: Tsuga; e, f-Ephedraceae; g, h-Compositae: Artemisia type; i-Compositae: Aster type; j-Compositae: Taraxacum type; k-Compositae: Echinops type; l-Ranunculaceae; m-Caryophyllaceae; n-Chenopodiaceae; o-Gramineae; p-Rosaceae; q-Moraceae: Humulus; r-Plumbaginaceae; s-Zygophyllaceae: Nitraria; t-Gentianaceae; u-Labiatae; v-Sapindaceae: Koelreuteria; w-Betulaceae: Betula; x-Juglandaceae; y-Fagaceae: Quercus; z-Ulmaceae; aa-Tiliaceae; ab-Polypodiaceae
图 4 宁夏南部清水河盆地晚更新世中晚期孢粉百分比图谱
Figure 4. Pollen percentage diagram of the Qingshuihe Basin in southern Ningxia during the middle to late Late Pleistocene
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