STUDY ON LATE CENOZOIC CRUSTAL TECTONISM

Abstract

This paper deals with late Cenozoic crustal tectonism by studying morphostructure and associated water system in a global scope.As young mountain belt is caused by deep dissection at the edge of a plateau, the keynote of complex morphostructure on Earth surface is actually made up of sequentially fixing arrangement of plateau-mountain-basin (P-M-B), with horst-like assemblage of B-M-P =P-M-B and step-like assemblage of P-M-B =P-M-B =P-M-B in different scales.It is found that the late Miocene planation surface preserved on the plateaus is comparable in age with the unconformity at the base of the Pliocene-early Pleistocene basins.Both imply the existence of a unified peneplain on the Earth surface until the latest Miocene.So the late Miocene peneplain substantially constrains the framework of the late Cenozoic crustal tectonism, and it is the late Cenozoic crustal tectonism that led to the breaking-up of the unified peneplain and brought about today' s morphostructure.From sedimentation, unconformity, and evolution of the water system, two evolutionary stages can be recognized for the late Cenozoic crustal tectonism, namely the Pliocene-early Pleistocene and middle Pleistocene-present.The paper also demonstrated the Asian mega-dividing.It extends from the mountain area of East Siberia in the northeast, passing through the Mongolian and Tibetan Plateaus, to the Aravalli Range in northwestern India to the southwest, and that divides water systems into the Pacific and Indian Oceans and the Arctic Ocean, respectively.It has emerged since middle Pleistocene (0.78 Ma), indicating the forming time of the global morphostructure.Geological records related to deformation of broken peneplain fragments indicate that vertical arching movement with block faulting at differential elevation and subsidence is predominant.It is debated that extensional and compressive crustal tectonism can be induced only from vertical movements at some specific areas.Except local compression deformation, no any geological records show that the Pleistocene sediments experienced any processes related with regionally horizontal compression on a global scope.Recent crustal tectonism follows the same keynote.

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References(129)

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