Volume 29 Issue 3
Jun.  2023
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CAI M F，2023. A brief talk on comprehensive crustal activity observation technology of deep-holes[J]. Journal of Geomechanics，29（3）：301−312 doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.20232901
Citation: CAI M F，2023. A brief talk on comprehensive crustal activity observation technology of deep-holes[J]. Journal of Geomechanics，29（3）：301−312 doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.20232901
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A brief talk on comprehensive crustal activity observation technology of deep-holes

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.20232901

  • School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

Funds:  This research is financially supported by the China Geological Survey Project (Grant DD20230249，DD20230014) and the Key Consultation Project of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (Grant 2019-XZ-16).
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  • Author Bio:

    蔡美峰，教授，博士生导师，中国工程院院士，岩石力学与采矿工程专家，自然资源部北京地壳应力应变野外科学观测研究站学术委员会主任。长期从事地应力测量与科学采矿方向研究，首次开发出我国具有自主知识产权的地应力测量技术，提出了以地应力为基础的采矿设计优化的技术体系、安全高效开采技术和矿山动力灾害预测与防控技术，撰写了我国第一部系统介绍地应力测量的专著《地应力测量原理和技术》，是我国矿山地应力测量的主要开拓者之一。获国家科技进步二等奖4项、三等奖1项，国家技术发明三等奖1项和国家级教学成果二等奖1项。2008—2010年先后被评为国家级教学名师、全国模范教师和全国优秀科技工作者。曾担任国务院学位委员会矿业工程学科评议组召集人、国际岩石力学学会教育委员会主席、中国岩石力学与工程学会副理事长、中国金属学会常务理事兼采矿分会理事长等职务，积极总结我国矿山地质科技成就和经验，提出多项建设性意见或建议，为我国深部矿山地质科技事业发展做出了重大贡献

  • Received: 2023-04-10
  • Revised: 2023-05-10
  • Accepted: 2023-05-15
    Abstract

  • Under the action of the Earth’s inner dynamics, the lithosphere shapes different types of the Earth’s surface, and the crustal stress state and its dynamic change law are captured by the comprehensive observation technology of drilling crustal activity. It is an important way for human beings to understand the internal dynamic process of the Earth and study the mechanism of inner dynamic geological hazards. The contribution of developed countries such as Japan, the USA, and the IODP International Cooperative Research Program to the development of integrated borehole crustal observation technology is summarized in this paper. The paper also systematically reviews the development history and present situation of borehole strain observation technology and borehole strain observation instrument in China. Especially since the 13th Five-Year, under the background of the national strategy of deep-sea exploration, the China Geological Survey Bureau (CGS), the China Earthquake Administration, and other systems have successively carried out research and development of the integrated geophysics observation system in wells, and have been put into use in integrated land and sea observation stations. The Institute of Geomechanics has successfully developed an integrated geophysics observation system for crustal activity using the key techniques of system integration. The system has a variety of strain, tilt, seismic, geomagnetic, geothermal, pore pressure, other sensors, and 16 components capable of observing crustal deformation, stress, strain, tilt, earthquake, and their induced geodynamic changes in the lithosphere, such as geotemperature, hydrology, geoelectricity, geomagnetism, etc. It has been put into use in Shandan (installed depth 253 m) and Pingwu (WFSD-4, 1600 m) observatories in Gansu and Sichuan provinces and has achieved initial results. It is a milestone for our comprehensive crustal activity observation technology to break through the 3000-meter-deep well in the future. It can provide vital information for geodynamics research, safe exploitation of deep mineral and geothermal resources, and prediction of internal dynamic geological hazards. At the same time, based on the national strategy of deep-sea exploration in the 14th Five-year, the future development direction of integrated observation system of deep-well crustal activity is pointed out.

     

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