Geomorphic features of the Menyuan basin in the Qilian Mountains and its tectonic significance

LI Hongqiang; YUAN Daoyang; SU Qi; WEN Yameng; SU Ruihuan; SUN Hao; CHEN Yanwen; YU Jinchao; ZHANG Lijun

doi:10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2023123

Volume 29 Issue 6

Dec. 2023

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Journal of Geomechanics > 2023 > 29(6): 824-841

LI H Q，YUAN D Y，SU Q，et al.，2023. Geomorphic features of the Menyuan basin in the Qilian Mountains and its tectonic significance[J]. Journal of Geomechanics，29（6）：824−841 doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2023123

Citation:

PDF( 5295 KB)

Geomorphic features of the Menyuan basin in the Qilian Mountains and its tectonic significance

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2023123

1.
School of earth Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
2.
Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China

Funds: This research is financially supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (STEP) (Grant No. 2019QZKK0901) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42172227)

More Information

Received: 2023-07-29
Revised: 2023-10-08
Accepted: 2023-10-20

Abstract

Abstract

The Qilian Mountains are situated on the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and serve as the leading edge of the plateau's northeastward expansion. The Menyuan Basin, characterized by typical basin landforms, provides valuable insights into the region's neotectonic activity and geomorphic evolution. As a representative mountain basin located in the central part of the Qilian Mountains, the Menyuan Basin's development pattern and geomorphic features are closely linked to tectonic activity. This study aims to investigate the variations in tectonic activity and their underlying causes along the north margin fault and different zones of the Menyuan Basin. To achieve this, 30 m resolution digital elevation model (DEM) data and ArcGIS spatial analysis technology were employed to extract the hypsometric integral (HI) and hypsometric integral curve (HC) of 15 rivers that traverse the northern edge of the basin. Subsequently, kriging interpolation was utilized to obtain the spatial distribution characteristics of HI within the basin. The findings reveal that HI values generally exhibit higher values on the western side and lower values on the eastern side of the Menyuan Basin, with the turning point (Laohugou) of the northern fault at the Menyuan Basin serving as the boundary. By combining the distribution of HI with field investigation results of active structures, it is observed that the eastern fault has extended into the basin's interior, giving rise to a series of active reverse fault–fold zones. This phenomenon may be attributed to changes in fault trends and the presence of northeastward faults. Additionally, a high HI anomaly is detected near Qingshizui Town in the basin's interior. Based on previous electromagnetic detection results, it is inferred that a buried fault exists within the basin. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that most rivers exhibit peak fluctuations in the stream length–gradient index (SL) at a specific position upstream of the main fault, indicating a strong correlation between the location of SL fluctuations and the position of the fault intersecting the river. In other words, tectonic activity can exert a significant influence on SL. Abnormal fluctuations near lithological transitions may suggest that local changes in lithology also impact the stream length-gradient index. The comprehensive analysis underscores the substantial differences in geomorphic development between the eastern and western sections of the northern edge of the Menyuan Basin, primarily controlled and influenced by the active structures in this region. Moreover, the aforementioned geomorphic parameters serve as sensitive indicators for evaluating tectonic activity.
- Menyuan basin,
- thrust fault,
- hypsometric Integral,
- Hack profile,
- stream length–gradient index,
- tectonic geomorphology

Full-text Translaiton by iFLYTEK

The full translation of the current issue may be delayed. If you encounter a 404 page, please try again later.

FullText(HTML)

References(127)

References

[1]	AN Z S, KUTZBACH J E, PRELL W L, et al. , 2001. Evolution of Asian monsoons and phased uplift of the Himalaya–Tibetan plateau since Late Miocene times[J]. Nature, 411(6833): 62-66. doi: 10.1038/35075035
[2]	BURBANK P, 1999. Landscape evolution: the interactions of tectonics and surface processes[J]. Basin Research, 11(1): 1-6. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2117.1999.00089.x
[3]	BURNETT A W, SCHUMM S A, 1983. Alluvial-river response to neotectonic deformation in Louisiana and Mississippi[J]. Science, 222(4619): 49-50. doi: 10.1126/science.222.4619.49
[4]	CAO K, WANG G C, WANG A, 2007. The analysis of the tectonics and the behavior of the longitudinal section of Kunlun River in East Kunlun[J]. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 32(5): 713-721. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[5]	CAO P J, LIU X B, CHENG S Y, et al. , 2023. Geomorphic feature of the Zhuanglang River Basin in the eastern margin of Qilian Mountains and its tectonic implications[J]. Geographical Research, 42(1): 262-279. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[6]	CHAMPAGNAC J D, YUAN D Y, GE W P, et al. , 2010. Slip rate at the north-eastern front of the Qilian Shan, China[J]. Terra Nova, 22(3): 180-187. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3121.2010.00932.x
[7]	CHANG Z Y, WANG J, BAI S B, et al. , 2015. Comparison of hypsometric integral methods[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 29(3): 171-175. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[8]	CHEN Y C, SUNG Q, CHENG K Y, 2003. Along-strike variations of morphotectonic features in the western foothills of Taiwan: tectonic implications based on stream-gradient and hypsometric analysis[J]. Geomorphology, 56(1-2): 109-137. doi: 10.1016/S0169-555X(03)00059-X
[9]	CHEN Y J, 2008. Morphotectonic features of Taiwan mountain belt based on hypsometric integral, topographic fractals and SL index[D]. Tainan: National Cheng Kung University: 1-84. ( in Chinese with English abstract)
[10]	DAVIS W M, 1899. The geographical cycle[J]. The Geographical Journal, 14(5): 481-504. doi: 10.2307/1774538
[11]	DONG J Y, LI C Y, ZHENG W J, et al. , 2021. Tectonic geomorphic features and geological significance of the Shidiquan anticline in the northern margin of the Qaidam basin[J]. Seismology and Geology, 43(3): 521-539. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[12]	GAI H L, LI Z M, YAO S H, et al. , 2022. Preliminary investigation and research on surface rupture characteristics of the 2022 Qinghai Menyuan M_S6.9 earthquake[J]. Seismology and Geology, 44(1): 238-255. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[13]	GAO Z M, LIU X W, SHAO Y X, et al. , 2019. Geomorphological characteristics of Daqingshan drainage area in the northern margin of Hetao basin[J]. Seismology and Geology, 41(06): 1317-1332. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]	GUAN X, PANG L C, JIANG Y T, et al. , 2021. Spatial characteristics of quantitative geomorphic indices in the Taihang Mountains, north China: implications for tectonic geomorphology[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 27(2): 280-293. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[15]	GUO H W, CHEN Y, LI J J, 1995. A preliminary study on the sequences of glaciers, loess records and terraces of the southern foothills of Lenlong Ling in Qilian Mountains[J]. Journal of Lanzhou University (Natural Sciences), 31(1): 102-110. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[16]	HACK J T, 1973. Stream-profile analysis and stream-gradient index[J]. Journal of Research of the U. S. Geological Survey, 1(4): 421-429.
[17]	HAN S, WU Z H, GAO Y, et al. , 2022. Surface rupture investigation of the 2022 Menyuan M_S6.9 Earthquake, Qinghai, China: implications for the fault behavior of the Lenglongling fault and regional intense earthquake risk[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 28(2): 155-168. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[18]	HARRISON T M, COPELAND P, KIDD W S F, et al. , 1992. Raising Tibet[J]. Science, 255(5052): 1663-1670. doi: 10.1126/science.255.5052.1663
[19]	HETZEL R, TAO M X, STOKES S, et al. , 2004. Late Pleistocene/Holocene slip rate of the Zhangye thrust (Qilian Shan, China) and implications for the active growth of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau[J]. Tectonics, 23(6): TC6006.
[20]	HONG Y, ZHAO Y B, WANG Y S, et al. , 2019. Study on the geomorphic uplift characteristics of the Longmenshan fault zone using hypsometric integral method[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 19(30): 43-51. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[21]	HU C Z, YANG P X, LI Z M, et al. , 2016. Seismogenic mechanism of the 21 January 2016 Menyuan, Qinghai M_S6.4 earthquake[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 59(5): 1637-1646. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[22]	HU X F, 2010. The researches on temporal and spatial distributions of erosion rates and tectonic deformation in the Northern Oilian Shan[D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University: 1-143. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[23]	HU X F, PAN B T, KIRBY E, et al. , 2010. Spatial differences in rock uplift rates inferred from channel steepness indices along the northern flank of the Qilian Mountain, northeast Tibetan Plateau[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 55(27): 3205-3214.
[24]	JI Y P, GAO H S, PAN B T, et al. , 2011. Implication of active structure in the upper reaches of Weihe river basin from stream length-gradient index (SL index) and Hack profile[J]. Journal of Lanzhou University (Natural Sciences), 47(4): 1-6. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[25]	JOLIVET M, BRUNEL M, SEWARD D, et al. , 2001. Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonics of the northern edge of the Tibetan Plateau: fission-track constraints[J]. Tectonophysics, 343(1-2): 111-134. doi: 10.1016/S0040-1951(01)00196-2
[26]	KANG J C, ZHU J J, CHEN H K, 1992. Late quaternary glacial sequence on the south Slope of the Lenglongling, Qilian Mountains[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 14(4): 352-359. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[27]	LIANG M J, ZHOU R J, YAN L, et al. , 2014. The relationships between neotectonic activity of the middle segment of Dari fault and its geomorphological response, Qinghai Province, China[J]. Seismology and Geology, 36(1): 28-38. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[28]	LIFTON N A, CHASE C G, 1992. Tectonic, climatic and lithologic influences on landscape fractal dimension and hypsometry: implications for landscape evolution in the San Gabriel Mountains, California[J]. Geomorphology, 5(1-2): 77-114. doi: 10.1016/0169-555X(92)90059-W
[29]	LIU Q Y,MA Y,CHENG L.Geochemical Evaluation of Soil Quality in Menyuan County of Qinghai Province[J].Geology and Exploration, 2022,58(3):609-619.
[30]	MA B Q, LI D W, 2008. Stages of the neotectonic movement of the Menyuan basin in the middle segment of the Qilian mountains[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 14(3): 201-211. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[31]	MA Z H, FENG Z T, PENG T J, et al. , 2020. Quaternary drainage evolution of the Datong River, Qilian Mountains, northeastern Tibetan Plateau, China[J]. Geomorphology, 353: 107021. doi: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2019.107021
[32]	MASEK J G, ISACKS B L, GUBBELS T L, et al. , 1994. Erosion and tectonics at the margins of continental plateau[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 99(B7): 13941-13956. doi: 10.1029/94JB00461
[33]	MOLNAR P, TAPPONNIER P, 1975. Cenozoic tectonics of Asia: effects of a continental collision: features of recent continental tectonics in Asia can be interpreted as results of the India-Eurasia collision[J]. Science, 189(4201): 419-426. doi: 10.1126/science.189.4201.419
[34]	MOLNAR P, ENGLAND P, 1990. Late Cenozoic uplift of mountain ranges and global climate change: chicken or eggs?[J]. Nature, 346(6279): 29-34. doi: 10.1038/346029a0
[35]	MOLNAR P, ENGLAND P, MARTINOD J, 1993. Mantle dynamics, uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, and the Indian Monsoon[J]. Reviews of Geophysics, 31(4): 357-396. doi: 10.1029/93RG02030
[36]	OUCHI S, 1985. Response of alluvial rivers to slow active tectonic movement[J]. GSA Bulletin, 96(4): 504-515. doi: 10.1130/0016-7606(1985)96<504:ROARTS>2.0.CO;2
[37]	PALUMBO L, HETZEL R, TAO M X, et al. , 2009. Deciphering the rate of mountain growth during topographic presteady state: an example from the NE margin of the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Tectonics, 28(4): TC4017.
[38]	PANG J Z, YU J X, ZHENG D W, et al. , 2019. Neogene expansion of the Qilian Shan, North Tibet: implications for the dynamic evolution of the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Tectonics, 38(3): 1018-1032. doi: 10.1029/2018TC005258
[39]	PIKE R J, WILSON S E, 1971. Elevation-relief ratio, hypsometric integral, and geomorphic area-altitude analysis[J]. GSA Bulletin, 82(4): 1079-1084. doi: 10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[1079:ERHIAG]2.0.CO;2
[40]	SEEBER L, GORNITZ V, 1983. River profiles along the Himalayan arc as indicators of active tectonics[J]. Tectonophysics, 92(4): 335-367. doi: 10.1016/0040-1951(83)90201-9
[41]	SHAO C J, LI Y, ZHAO G H, et al. , 2015. Tectonic geomorphology analysis of piedmont rivers in the southern section of Longmenshan Based on hypsometric integral[J]. Geoscience, 29(4): 727-737. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[42]	SHI X M, DU Z C, 2006. Review and prospect of tectonic geomorphology in China[J]. Northwestern Seismological Journal, 28(3): 280-284. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[43]	SHI Y F, CUI J Z, SU Z, 2006. Glaciations and Environmental variations in China[M]. Hebei: Hebei Science and Technology Publishing House.
[44]	SHI Z T, ZHANG S Q, ZHOU S Z, et al. , 2000. Study of ESR dating of quaternary moraine, Qilian Mountains[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2(4): 353-357. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[45]	SONG S G, NIU Y L, SU L, et al. , 2013. Tectonics of the North Qilian orogen, NW China[J]. Gondwana Research, 23(4): 1378-1401. doi: 10.1016/j.gr.2012.02.004
[46]	STRAHLER A N, 1952. Dynamic basis of geomorphology[J]. GSA Bulletin, 63(9): 923-938. doi: 10.1130/0016-7606(1952)63[923:DBOG]2.0.CO;2
[47]	SU Q, YUAN D Y, XIE H, et al. , 2016a. Geomorphic features of the Shule river drainage basin in Qilianshan and its insight into tectonic implications[J]. Seismology and Geology, 38(2): 240-258. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[48]	SU Q, YUAN D Y, XIE H, 2016b. Geomorphic features of the Heihe river drainage basin in western Qilian Shan-Hexi corridor and its tectonic implications[J]. Seismology and Geology, 38(3): 560-581. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[49]	SU Q, YUAN D Y, XIE H, 2017. Geomorphic features of the Shiyang River drainage basin and adjacent area in Eastern Qilian Mountains and its insight into tectonic implications[J]. Geological Review, 63(1): 7-20. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[50]	TAPPONNIER P, PELTZER G, LE DAIN A Y, 1982. Propagating extrusion tectonics in Asia: new insights from simple experiments with plasticine[J]. Geology, 10(12): 611-616. doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1982)10<611:PETIAN>2.0.CO;2
[51]	TAPPONNIER P, XU Z Q, ROGER F, et al. , 2001. Oblique stepwise rise and growth of the Tibet Plateau[J]. Science, 294(5547): 1671-1677. doi: 10.1126/science.105978
[52]	WANG A, WANG G C, 2005. Review on morphotectonic and its analytical methods[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 24(4): 7-12, 20. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[53]	WANG Y Z, ZHANG H P, ZHENG D W, et al. , 2016. Stream-power incision model and its implications: discussion on the urgency of studying bedrock channel across the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 36(4): 884-897. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[54]	XU Y R, HE H L, DENG Q D, et al. , 2013. Quantitative river geomorphic parameters surrounding MTS. Huoshan, Shanxi province and their tectonic implications[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 33(4): 746-759. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[55]	YANG Z, 2014. The hydrological characteristics and rainfall landslides stability analysis of Menyuan basin, Qinghai Province[D]. Xi’an: Chang’an University: 1-81. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[56]	YAO S H, GAI H L, YIN X, et al. , 2020. Tectonic geomorphology and quaternary slip rate of the Xitieshan section of the Northern Margin Fault of Qaidam Basin[J]. Seismology and Geology, 42(6): 1385-1400. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[57]	YIN A, RUMELHART P E, BUTLER R, et al. , 2002. Tectonic history of the Altyn Tagh fault system in northern Tibet inferred from Cenozoic sedimentation[J]. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 114(10): 1257-1295. doi: 10.1130/0016-7606(2002)114<1257:THOTAT>2.0.CO;2
[58]	YU H, BU F, HU D G, et al. , 2018. Ages and geological significance of the river terrace of Datong River in Qilian Mountains[J]. Geological Survey of China, 5(3): 43-48. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[59]	YUAN D Y, 2003. Tectonic deformation features and space-time evolution in Northeastern Margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau since the Late Cenozoic Time[D]. Beijing: Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administrator: 1-173. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[60]	YUAN D Y, ZHANG P Z, LIU B C, et al. , 2004. Geometrical imagery and tectonic transformation of late quaternary active tectonics in Northeastern Margin of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 78(2): 270-278. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[61]	YUAN D Y, GE W P, CHEN Z W, et al. , 2013. The growth of northeastern Tibet and its relevance to large-scale continental geodynamics: a review of recent studies[J]. Tectonics, 32(5): 1358-1370. doi: 10.1002/tect.20081
[62]	YUAN D Y, XIE H, SU R H, et al. , 2023. Characteristics of co-seismic surface rupture zone of Menyuan M_S6.9 earthquake in Qinghai Province on January 8, 2022 and seismogenic mechanism[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 66(1): 229-244. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[63]	ZHANG C, 2012. Geomorphic index analysis along the Yumu Shan and its implications for tectonic activities[D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University: 1-54. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[64]	ZHANG T Q, WANG Z, ZHANG X M, et al. , 2015. Hypsometric integral analysis of the Ürümqi river drainage basin and its implications for topographic evolution[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 35(1): 60-70. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[65]	ZHANG Y N, HU X F, PAN Y F, 2022. Comparison of geomorphic characteristics between the northern Qilian Shan and eastern Kunlun shan and its indications for tectonic uplift[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 42(3): 809-822. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[66]	ZHAO G H, LI Y, YAN Z K, et al. , 2014. Tectonic geomorphology analysis of piedmont rivers of the middle MT. Longmenshan based on Hack profile and hypsometric integral[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 34(2): 302-311. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[67]	ZHAO H Z, LI Y L, YANG J C, et al. , 2010a. Influence of area and space dependence for hypsometric integral and its geological implications[J]. Geographical Research, 29(2): 271-282. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[68]	ZHAO H Z, LI Y L, YANG J C, 2010b. Implication of active structure along the Northern Tianshan by stream length-gradient index and hack profile[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 46(2): 237-244. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[69]	ZHAO J D, ZHOU S Z, SHI Z T, et al. , 2001. ESR dating of glacial tills of Baishuihe River on the southern slope of Lenglongling in the Eastern Part of Qilian Mountains[J]. Journal of Lanzhou University (Natural Sciences), 37(4): 110-116. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[70]	ZHAO L Q, SUN X Y, ZHAN Y, et al. , 2022. The seismogenic model of the Menyuan M_S6.9 earthquake on January 8, 2022, Qinghai Province and segmented extensional characteristics of the Lenglongling fault[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 65(4): 1536-1546. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[71]	ZHENG D W, WANG W T, WAN J L, et al. , 2017. Progressive northward growth of the northern Qilian Shan–Hexi Corridor (northeastern Tibet) during the Cenozoic[J]. Lithosphere, 9(3): 408-416. doi: 10.1130/L587.1
[72]	ZHENG G Y, 2022. The implications of hypsometric integral for river basins in the mountain front of western Taiwan[D]. Gaoxiong, China: National Kaohsiung Normal University: 33-37. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[73]	ZHENG W J, 2009. Geometric pattern and active tectonics of the Hexi Corridor and its adjacent regions[D]. Beijing: Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administrator: 1-220. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[74]	ZHENG W J, ZHANG P Z, GE W P, et al. , 2013. Late Quaternary slip rate of the South Heli Shan Fault (northern Hexi Corridor, NW China) and its implications for northeastward growth of the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Tectonics, 32(2): 271-293. doi: 10.1002/tect.20022
[75]	ZHENG W J, ZHANG B X, YUAN D Y, et al. , 2021. Tectonic activity in the Southern Alashan block and the latest boundary of outward expansion on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, China[J]. Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment, 43(2): 224-236. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[76]	ZHOU S Z, LI J J, 2003. New dating results of quaternary glaciations in China[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 25(6): 660-666. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[77]	ZHANG Y X, 2003. The hypsometric analysis of Taiwan and its tectonic implication[D]. National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung: 1—110. ( in Chinese with English abstract)
[78]	ZUO Q CH, YE T ZH, FENG Y F et al. , 2018. Spatial database of 1∶ 250, 000 construction and structure maps of China[J]. Geology in China, 45(S1): 1-26.
[79]	曹凯, 王国灿, 王岸, 2007. 东昆仑山昆仑河纵剖面形貌分析及构造涵义[J]. 地球科学-中国地质大学学报, 32(5): 713-721.
[80]	曹鹏举, 刘晓波, 程三友, 等, 2023. 祁连山东段庄浪河流域地貌特征及其构造指示意义[J]. 地理研究, 42(1): 262-279. doi: 10.11821/dlyj020220345
[81]	常直杨, 王建, 白世彪, 等, 2015. 面积高程积分值计算方法的比较[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 29(3): 171-175. doi: 10.13448/j.cnki.jalre.2015.100
[82]	陈彦杰, 2004. 台湾山脉的构造地形指标特性: 以面积高度积分、地形碎形参数与河流坡降指标为依据[D]. 台南: 国立成功大学: 1-84.
[83]	董金元, 李传友, 郑文俊, 等, 2021. 柴达木盆地北缘石底泉背斜构造地貌特征及地质意义[J]. 地震地质, 43(3): 521-539. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2021.03.004
[84]	盖海龙, 李智敏, 姚生海, 等, 2022. 2022年青海门源M_S6.9地震地表破裂特征的初步调查研究[J]. 地震地质, 44(1): 238-255. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2022.01.015
[85]	高泽民, 刘兴旺, 邵延秀, 等, 2019. 河套盆地北缘大青山地区构造地貌特征[J]. 地震地质, 41(6): 1317-1332. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2019.06.001
[86]	关雪, 逄立臣, 姜雨彤, 等, 2021. 太行山地貌计量指标空间特征及其构造地貌意义[J]. 地质力学学报, 27(2): 280-293. doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2021.27.02.026
[87]	郭红伟, 陈晔, 李吉均, 1995. 祁连山冷龙岭南麓的冰川序列、黄土记录和阶地系列的初步研究[J]. 兰州大学学报(自然科学版), 31(1): 102-110. doi: 10.13885/j.issn.0455-2059.1995.01.019
[88]	韩帅, 吴中海, 高扬, 等, 2022. 2022年1月8日青海门源M_S6.9地震地表破裂考察的初步结果及对冷龙岭断裂活动行为和区域强震危险性的启示[J]. 地质力学学报, 28(2): 155-168.
[89]	洪艳, 赵银兵, 王运生, 等, 2019. 利用面积高程积分方法研究龙门山断裂带地貌隆升特征[J]. 科学技术与工程, 19(30): 43-51. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2019.30.007
[90]	胡朝忠, 杨攀新, 李智敏, 等, 2016. 2016年1月21日青海门源6.4级地震的发震机制探讨[J]. 地球物理学报, 59(5): 1637-1646. doi: 10.6038/cjg20160509
[91]	胡小飞, 2010. 祁连山北部侵蚀速率的时空分布与构造抬升变形研究[D]. 兰州: 兰州大学: 1-143.
[92]	胡小飞, 潘保田, KIRBY E, 等, 2010. 河道陡峭指数所反映的祁连山北翼抬升速率的东西差异[J]. 科学通报, 55(23): 2329-2338.
[93]	吉亚鹏, 高红山, 潘保田, 等, 2011. 渭河上游流域河长坡降指标SL参数与Hack剖面的新构造意义[J]. 兰州大学学报(自然科学版), 47(4): 1-6. doi: 10.13885/j.issn.0455-2059.2011.04.018
[94]	康建成, 朱俊杰, 陈宏凯, 1992. 祁连山冷龙岭南坡晚第四纪冰川演化序列[J]. 冰川冻土, 14(4): 352-359.
[95]	梁明剑, 周荣军, 闫亮, 等, 2014. 青海达日断裂中段构造活动与地貌发育的响应关系探讨[J]. 地震地质, 36(1): 28-38. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2014.01.003
[96]	刘庆宇, 马瑛, 程莉. 2022.青海门源县土壤质量地球化学评价[J].地质与勘探, 58(3):609-619.
[97]	马保起, 李德文, 2008. 祁连山中段门源盆地新构造运动的阶段划分[J]. 地质力学学报, 14(3): 201-211. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2008.03.002
[98]	邵崇建, 李勇, 赵国华, 等, 2015. 基于面积-高程积分对龙门山南段山前河流的构造地貌研究[J]. 现代地质, 29(4): 727-737. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8527.2015.04.002
[99]	史兴民, 杜忠潮, 2006. 中国构造地貌学的回顾与展望[J]. 西北地震学报, 28(3): 280-284.
[100]	施雅风, 崔之久, 苏珍, 2006. 中国第四纪冰川与环境变化[M]. 河北: 河北科学技术出版社.
[101]	史正涛, 张世强, 周尚哲, 等, 2000. 祁连山第四纪冰碛物的ESR测年研究[J]. 冰川冻土, 22(4): 353-357.
[102]	苏琦, 袁道阳, 谢虹, 等, 2016a. 祁连山西段疏勒河流域地貌特征及其构造意义[J]. 地震地质, 38(2): 240-258.
[103]	苏琦, 袁道阳, 谢虹, 2016b. 祁连山—河西走廊黑河流域地貌特征及其构造意义[J]. 地震地质, 38(3): 560-581.
[104]	苏琦, 袁道阳, 谢虹, 2017. 祁连山东段石羊河流域及邻区地貌特征及其构造意义[J]. 地质论评, 63(1): 7-20.
[105]	王岸, 王国灿, 2005. 构造地貌及其分析方法述评[J]. 地质科技情报, 24(4): 7-12, 20.
[106]	王一舟, 张会平, 郑德文, 等, 2016. 基岩河道河流水力侵蚀模型及其应用: 兼论青藏高原基岩河道研究的迫切性[J]. 第四纪研究, 36(4): 884-897. doi: 10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2016.04.09
[107]	徐岳仁, 何宏林, 邓起东, 等, 2013. 山西霍山山脉河流地貌定量参数及其构造意义[J]. 第四纪研究, 33(4): 746-759. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7410.2013.04.12
[108]	杨珍, 2014. 青海省门源盆地水文特征与降雨型滑坡稳定性分析[D]. 西安: 长安大学: 1-81.
[109]	姚生海, 盖海龙, 殷翔, 等, 2020. 柴达木盆地北缘断裂(锡铁山段)的构造地貌特征与晚第四纪活动速率[J]. 地震地质, 42(6): 1385-1400. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2020.06.008
[110]	于航, 步凡, 胡道功, 等, 2018. 祁连山大通河河流阶地形成时代及地质意义[J]. 中国地质调查, 5(3): 43-48.
[111]	袁道阳, 2003. 青藏高原东北缘晚新生代以来的构造变形特征与时空演化[D]. 北京: 中国地震局地质研究所: 1-173.
[112]	袁道阳, 张培震, 刘百篪, 等, 2004. 青藏高原东北缘晚第四纪活动构造的几何图像与构造转换[J]. 地质学报, 78(2): 270-278. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5717.2004.02.017
[113]	袁道阳, 谢虹, 苏瑞欢, 等, 2023. 2022年1月8日青海门源M_S6.9地震地表破裂带特征与发震机制[J]. 地球物理学报, 66(1): 229-244. doi: 10.6038/cjg2022Q0093
[114]	张忱, 2012. 祁连山中段榆木山地区地貌指数分析及其活动构造意义[D]. 兰州: 兰州大学: 1-54.
[115]	张天琪, 王振, 张晓明, 等, 2015. 北天山乌鲁木齐河流域面积-高程积分及其地貌意义[J]. 第四纪研究, 35(1): 60-70.
[116]	张亚男, 胡小飞, 潘彦菲, 2022. 北祁连山和东昆仑山的地貌特征对比及其对构造抬升的指示意义[J]. 第四纪研究, 42(3): 809-822. doi: 10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2022.03.15
[117]	张韵娴, 2003. 台湾地区流域面积高程积分值之研究[D]. 高雄: 国立高雄师范大学: 1-110.
[118]	赵国华, 李勇, 颜照坤, 等, 2014. 龙门山中段山前河流Hack剖面和面积-高程积分的构造地貌研究[J]. 第四纪研究, 34(2): 302-311. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7410.2014.02.04
[119]	赵洪壮, 李有利, 杨景春, 等, 2010a. 面积高度积分的面积依赖与空间分布特征[J]. 地理研究, 29(2): 271-282.
[120]	赵洪壮, 李有利, 杨景春, 2010b. 北天山流域河长坡降指标与Hack剖面的新构造意义[J]. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 46(2): 237-244. doi: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2010.034
[121]	赵井东, 周尚哲, 史正涛, 等, 2001. 祁连山东段冷龙岭南麓白水河冰碛物ESR测年研究[J]. 兰州大学学报, 37(4): 110-116.
[122]	赵凌强, 孙翔宇, 詹艳, 等, 2022. 2022年1月8日青海门源M_S6.9地震孕震环境和冷龙岭断裂分段延展特征[J]. 地球物理学报, 65(4): 1536-1546. doi: 10.6038/cjg2022Q0051
[123]	郑光佑, 2002. 台湾西部麓山带前缘流域面积高度积分之构造意义研究[D]. 高雄: 国立高雄师范大学: 33-37.
[124]	郑文俊, 2009. 河西走廊及其邻区活动构造图像及构造变形模式[D]. 北京: 中国地震局地质研究所: 1-220.
[125]	郑文俊, 张博譞, 袁道阳, 等, 2021. 阿拉善地块南缘构造活动特征与青藏高原东北缘向外扩展的最新边界[J]. 地球科学与环境学报, 43(2): 224-236.
[126]	周尚哲, 李吉均, 2003. 第四纪冰川测年研究新进展[J]. 冰川冻土, 25(6): 660-666.
[127]	左群超, 叶天竺, 冯艳芳, 等, 2018. 中国陆域 1∶25 万分幅建造构造图空间数据库[J]. 中国地质, 45(S1): 1-26. doi: 10.12029/gc2018Z101

Relative Articles

Supplements(0)

Cited By

Proportional views

Proportional views

Figures(12) / Tables(2)

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Article Metrics

Article views (605) PDF downloads(76)