Volume 30 Issue 4
Aug.  2024
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Geomechanics  > 2024  >  30(4): 673-690
LIN X，WU Z H，DONG Y Y，et al.，2024. The evolutionary process of Cenozoic Asian monsoon[J]. Journal of Geomechanics，30（4）：673−690 doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2023093
Citation: LIN X，WU Z H，DONG Y Y，et al.，2024. The evolutionary process of Cenozoic Asian monsoon[J]. Journal of Geomechanics，30（4）：673−690 doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2023093
shu

The evolutionary process of Cenozoic Asian monsoon

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2023093
  • 1.

    College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China

  • 2.

    Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

  • 3.

    Shandong Academy of Geological Sciences, Jinan 250013, Shandong, China

  • 4.

    College of Geographic Science, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, Heilongjiang, China

  • 5.

    State Key Laboratory of Seismic Dynamics, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China

Funds:  This research is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41972212) and the Chutian scholars talent program of Hubei Province (Grant No. 8210403).
More Information
  • Received: 2023-06-09
  • Revised: 2023-12-16
  • Accepted: 2024-01-04
    • Available Online: 2024-07-10
  • Published: 2024-08-28
    Abstract
  •   Objective  The formation of monsoon climates is attributed to the seasonal reversal of wind direction and precipitation caused by the difference in thermal capacity between land and ocean. Asia is recognized as the most prominent region globally, with monsoon climates, that affect the largest population. The heavy rainfall accompanying monsoons can result in various secondary disasters, substatially jeopardizing human safety and productivity in the region. Consequently, comprehending the formation process of the Asian monsoon holds paramount importance.   Methods  This study aim to employ geological concepts to establish a connection between the past and present, providing an overview of the components of Asian monsoons, identifying the primary factors influencing their formation and evolution, and summarizing research progress on the South Asian and East Asian monsoons based on sediment records from key Asian locations.   Results  The findings indicate that during the Cenozoic, the collision between the Indian Plate and the southern margin of the Asian continent altered the distribution of land and sea in Asia. Consequently, the Tibetan Plateau experienced initial uplift, contributing to the emergence of monsoon climates in South Asia and East Asia. However, at this stage, the East Asian region was still primarily influenced by the planetary wind system, and the East Asian monsoon was in its early stages, predominantly restricted to the southern margin of the South China Plate in a localized manner. In contrast, the South Asian Monsoon covered a relatively extensive area. This discrepancy may be attributed to the delayed opening of marginal seas in the East Asian region compared to the relatively earlier occurrence of land and sea distribution in South Asia. However, as the Tibetan Plateau continued to uplift and approach its current altitude during the middle to late Cenozoic, the Asian monsoon entered a strengthening phase, notably impacting regional geological evolution processes. Since the middle to late Cenozoic, the development of the North and South Polar ice caps and the upliftment of the Tibetan Plateau have controlled the Asian monsoon, leading it to undergo multiple stable periods of development.   Conclusion  The development and evolution of the East Asian and South Asian monsoons are mainly driven by the distribution of sea and land in the Asia, the upliftment of the Tibetan Plateau and the global climate change during the Cenozoic.  Significance   These findings provide valuable insights into the scientific and rational utilization of the Asian monsoon for conducting systematic Earth science research in Asia.

     

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