Discovery of the surface rupture zone along the southern branch of the Longshoushan Fault Zone, NW China and its significance to the deep structures of the 1954 Shandan <i>M</i><sub>S</sub> 7¼ earthquake

ZHAO Di; CHEN Peng; LI Rongxi; WU Xiaoli; ZHAO Bangsheng; LIU Qi; WANG Xiaoxue

doi:10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2022045

Volume 28 Issue 4

Aug. 2022

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ZHAO Di, CHEN Peng, LI Rongxi, et al., 2022. Discovery of the surface rupture zone along the southern branch of the Longshoushan Fault Zone, NW China and its significance to the deep structures of the 1954 Shandan MS 7¼ earthquake. Journal of Geomechanics, 28 (4): 501-512. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2022045

Citation:

ZHAO Di, CHEN Peng, LI Rongxi, et al., 2022. Discovery of the surface rupture zone along the southern branch of the Longshoushan Fault Zone, NW China and its significance to the deep structures of the 1954 Shandan M_S 7¼ earthquake. Journal of Geomechanics, 28 (4): 501-512. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2022045

Citation:

ZHAO Di, CHEN Peng, LI Rongxi, et al., 2022. Discovery of the surface rupture zone along the southern branch of the Longshoushan Fault Zone, NW China and its significance to the deep structures of the 1954 Shandan M_S 7¼ earthquake. Journal of Geomechanics, 28 (4): 501-512. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2022045

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Discovery of the surface rupture zone along the southern branch of the Longshoushan Fault Zone, NW China and its significance to the deep structures of the 1954 Shandan M_S 7¼ earthquake

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2022045

1.
School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang' an University, Xi' an 710061, Shaanxi, China
2.
Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

Funds:

the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expdition and Reaearch (STEP) Program 2019QZKK0704

the Fundamental Research Fund of the Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences DZLXJK202107

More Information

Received: 2022-04-11
Revised: 2022-05-10

Abstract

Abstract

A detailed field-based remote sensing interpretation in this study revealed abundant recent seismic surface ruptures on the southern margin of the Longshoushan Fault, including fault scarps, mole tracks and displacements of river channels. The total length of the surface rupture zone is over 20 km. The most recent vertical and horizontal displacements of the late Quaternary geomorphic markers fall into the range of 0.35~4 m and 0.3~1.9 m, respectively. The southern Longshoushan Fault is a high-angle thrust fault, and it only exhibits left-lateral strike-slip on the west end. Revealed by profile and trench along the surface rupture, the southern branch of the Longshoushan Fault Zone has gone through several earthquake events since the Holocene, and the latest one happened around 3.96 ka. By comparing with the strongest earthquake recorded in this region, it is suggested that the 1954 M_S 7¼ Shandan earthquake may have caused the newly discovered surface ruptures, which developed along both the southern and northern branches of the Longshoushan fault zone, presenting a positive flower structure at the shallow surface. This coseismic displacement distribution mostly is found in strike-slip earthquakes in previous studies, but it is found in a thrust earthquake this time. The discovery of coseismic surface rupture on the southern branch of the Longshoushan Fault Zone will throw light on the focal mechanism and rupture pattern of the 1954 Shandan M_S 7¼ earthquake.
- northeastern margin of the Tibet Plateau,
- 1954 Shandan M_S 7¼ earthquake,
- Longshoushan Fault Zone,
- coseismic surface rupture,
- flower structure

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