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铲式断层空间特征研究进展综述

陈亚军 付广 包迎春 胡明 陈雪晴 李世朝

陈亚军, 付广, 包迎春, 等, 2017. 铲式断层空间特征研究进展综述. 地质力学学报, 23 (3): 451-458.
引用本文: 陈亚军, 付广, 包迎春, 等, 2017. 铲式断层空间特征研究进展综述. 地质力学学报, 23 (3): 451-458.
CHEN Ya-jun, FU Guang, BAO Ying-chun, et al., 2017. A REVIEW ON THE RESEARCH PROGRESS OF SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LISTRIC FAULT. Journal of Geomechanics, 23 (3): 451-458.
Citation: CHEN Ya-jun, FU Guang, BAO Ying-chun, et al., 2017. A REVIEW ON THE RESEARCH PROGRESS OF SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LISTRIC FAULT. Journal of Geomechanics, 23 (3): 451-458.

铲式断层空间特征研究进展综述

基金项目: 

国家重大专项 2016ZX05007-003

东北石油大学青年基金 2013NQ126

详细信息
    作者简介:

    陈亚军(1990-), 男, 硕士研究生, 地质工程专业。Email:cjun0707@163.com

    通讯作者:

    付广(1962-), 男, 博士, 教授。E-mail:fuguang2008@126.com

  • 中图分类号: P551

A REVIEW ON THE RESEARCH PROGRESS OF SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LISTRIC FAULT

  • 摘要: 受地震资料解释多解性和局限性的影响,沉积盆地中深部地震资料解释品质差,靠地震解释来反映地下断层信息并不能揭露断层空间本质发育特征。鉴于此问题,笔者以脆塑性断裂发育特征、断层折射机理为基础,从断层空间位移量关系、倾斜角剪切法模型、断层面空间联合应力分布等方面对铲式断层空间特征进行研究。综合研究表明:铲式断层面上盘和下盘构成的空间并非楔形模式,而是局部构造紧闭区和局部伸展剥离区交替形态;由断层空间各位移量关系图解可知,铲式断层走向位移量和倾伏向位移量之间的夹角θ越小,走向应力作用越大,引起地层牵引程度就越高,形成的有利储油构造储集厚度就越大;利用倾斜剪切法模型可预测铲式断层实际滑脱深度,加强对中深层构造特征的认识;当铲式断层面折射裂缝被矿脉等充填时具有封堵性,当铲式断层面空间联合应力大于或等于其作用处岩石的抗压强度时,造成断层面处裂隙闭合或断面物质压紧,有利于封堵油气。

     

  • 图  1  脆塑性断裂载荷与变形量关系示意图

    Figure  1.  Diagram of the relations between the loads and the distortion of the brittle-plasticity fault

    图  2  断层折射示意图[5]

    Figure  2.  Diagram of the fault refraction

    图  3  铲式断层发育初期断面形态变化示意图

    Figure  3.  Sketch map of the morphological changes of the fault plane at the initial stage of the listric fault growth

    图  4  铲式断层逆牵引特征及其断层面力学分解

    θ-地层倾角、α-逆牵引角、A-扰曲幅度、G-沉积物重力

    Figure  4.  Mechanical decomposition of listric fault reversed-drag feature and fault plane

    图  5  铲式断层派生次级断层发育特征及其铲式断层滑脱深度预测图解

    Figure  5.  Diagram of the development characteristics of the secondary fault derived from the listric fault and the prediction of the detachment depth of the listric fault

    图  6  铲式断层空间各位移及其大小关系示意图

    a-铲式断层要素及其空间位移示意图 b-空间位移四边形法则

    Figure  6.  Diagram of the relation between the spatial displacements of the listric fault and their sizes

    图  7  铲式断层面三度空间联合应力作用图解

    Figure  7.  Diagram of the three-dimension combined stress of the listric fault plane

    图  8  铲式断层曲率图解

    Figure  8.  Diagram of the listric fault curvature

    图  9  铲式断层及其次级断层组合油气运聚模式

    Figure  9.  Oil and gas migration-accumulation model with the combination of the listric fault and its secondary fault

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  • 收稿日期:  2017-02-06
  • 刊出日期:  2017-06-28

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