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TY系列高精度体应变仪研制及映震能力分析与应用

孙尧 彭华 姜景捷 马秀敏 郝飞 张斌

孙尧,彭华,姜景捷,等,2023. TY系列高精度体应变仪研制及映震能力分析与应用[J]. 地质力学学报,29(3):324−338 doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.20232903
引用本文: 孙尧,彭华,姜景捷,等,2023. TY系列高精度体应变仪研制及映震能力分析与应用[J]. 地质力学学报,29(3):324−338 doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.20232903
SUN Y,PENG H,JIANG J J,et al.,2023. Development of TY-series high-precision volumetric strain gauge: Analysis and application of its seismic reflection capability[J]. Journal of Geomechanics,29(3):324−338 doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.20232903
Citation: SUN Y,PENG H,JIANG J J,et al.,2023. Development of TY-series high-precision volumetric strain gauge: Analysis and application of its seismic reflection capability[J]. Journal of Geomechanics,29(3):324−338 doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.20232903

TY系列高精度体应变仪研制及映震能力分析与应用

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.20232903
基金项目: 中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20230249,DD20230014,DD2019290,DD20221644);中国地质科学院地质力学研究所基本科研业务费项目(DZLXJK202106)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    孙尧(1983—),男,博士,助理研究员,从事地震学、地应力测量和监测等方面研究。E-mail: 980483939@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    彭华(1964—),男,博士,研究员,从事地应力、地应力测量和监测、地学仪器设备研制、岩石力学等方面研究。E-mail: 1391161856@qq.com

  • 中图分类号: P315.72+7;P716+.8

Development of TY-series high-precision volumetric strain gauge: Analysis and application of its seismic reflection capability

Funds: This research is financially supported by the China Geological Survey Projects (Grants DD20230249, DD20230014, DD2019290, DD20221644) and the Basic Research Funds of the Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (Grant DZLXS202106).
  • 摘要:

    文章综述了钻孔体应变仪的发展历程,针对体应变仪目前存在的稳定性和带宽不足、标定精度低等问题,创新与改进液压传感器、控制电路、标定方法等技术,研制出TY-2B型钻孔体积应变仪。改进的液压传感器提高了仪器精度,缩小了仪器体积;改善了控制电路,提高了仪器采样率、带宽及稳定性;创新的压电陶瓷标定技术提高了监测数据可靠性。测试结果表明改进型的TY-2B型体应变仪功耗低,小于3 W;长期稳定性好;灵敏度高,分辨率达到10−11ε;高频特性和低频特性好,采样率10~100 Hz,可采集完整地震应变波波形,固体潮波形清晰稳定;体积小重量轻,外径缩小至Φ89 mm,适用于Φ100 mm钻孔,长度1300 mm,重量45 kg,运输和安装方便。经室内检验、野外台站15年的测试,获取了良好的监测数据,体现了高灵敏的映震能力,龙门山北段体应变台站对2010年玉树地震及2023年土耳其地震的观测响应表明TY系列高精度体应变仪不仅是静态应变仪,还是宽频应变地震仪,具有动−静态标定能力,且相对于摆式地震仪有着极宽响应频带的独特优势,既可以观测地壳长期缓慢变形及其积累的特征,还可观测地壳破裂变形的瞬态细微特征。汶川地震以来青川—汉中地区体应变台站及2021年以来广州台站获取的监测曲线长期变化趋势与地震、构造地质等资料所反映的区域地质特征相符,表明TY-2B型体应变仪可在地球动力学研究、地质灾害预测预警等领域推广使用。

     

  • 图  1  不同类型体积式钻孔应变仪原理图

    Figure  1.  Schematic diagram of volumetric borehole strain gauges

    图  2  地质力学所自主研发的液位式TY-1型体应变仪及液压式TY-2B型体应变仪示意图

    Figure  2.  Schematic diagram of liquid-level-type TY-1 volumetric strain gauge and hydraulic-type TY-2B volumetric strain gauge developed by the Institute of Geomechanics, CAGS

    图  3  体积单元三轴向应力作用

    σ—正应力;τ—常应力;ε—轴向应变

    Figure  3.  Triaxial stress action of volumetric elements

    σ–positive stress;τ–normal stress;ε–axial strain

    图  4  内径Φ8.1 cm的钢筒设置不同芯柱直径与体积压缩模量关系

    Figure  4.  Relationship between different core diameters and volumetric compression modulus for cylinder setup with an inner diameter of Φ 8.1 cm

    图  5  应变仪的体应变−电转换关系图.

    Figure  5.  Volume strain-electric conversion diagram for a strain gauge

    图  6  压电陶瓷驱动定量泵

    Figure  6.  Piezoelectric ceramic quantitative pump

    图  7  TY-2B型体应变仪结构示意图及实物

    Figure  7.  Structural diagram and profile display of TY-2B volumetric strain gauge

    图  8  体应变仪监测网络拓扑图

    Figure  8.  Monitoring network topology of volumetric strain gauge

    图  9  汶川地震及玉树地震前后体应变变化曲线

    Figure  9.  Volumetric strain curves recorded before and after the Wenchuan earthquake and Yushu earthquake

    图  10  2023年2月6日土耳其地震体应变响应及其与摆式地震计响应对比

    Figure  10.  Volumetric strain response of the February 6, 2023 Turkish earthquake and its comparison with pendulum seismometer response

    图  11  广州主要断裂活动造成的体应变变化模拟与实测曲线的对比

    Figure  11.  Comparison between measured curves and simulated volumetric strain changes caused by major fault activities in Guangzhou

    表  1  TY-2B型体应变仪技术指标

    Table  1.   Technical index of TY-2B volumetric strain gauge

    项目名称技术指标
    系统供电电压 12~48 V/DC
    系统功耗 井下功耗<3 W
    AD位数 24位数据井下采集
    系统采样速率 20~100Hz
    数据传输模式 RS485传输
    系统观测灵敏度 ≈1×10−11ε
    系统观测动态范围 ≥1×105ε
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  广州主要断裂产状及活动特征

    Table  2.   Occurrence and activity characteristics of main faults in Guangzhou

    断裂名称断裂走向/(°)断裂倾向倾角/(°)断裂长度/km活动特征
    白坭−沙湾断裂 320~330SW/NE>50125正断   
    狮子洋断裂   310~330NE/SW70~8550正断   
    广州−从化断裂带40NW/SE40~6065正断兼走滑
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2023-02-28
  • 修回日期:  2023-05-19
  • 录用日期:  2023-05-24

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