Transgression–regression processes since the MIS 3 in the coastal zone of Quanzhou Bay, Fujian
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摘要:
海岸带是海陆相互作用的敏感地带,是沿海地区研究第四纪海侵—海退过程的理想场所。基于福建泉州湾沿岸两个第四纪钻孔岩芯(DZ01、DZ02),以地层岩性和岩相组合特征为基础,利用加速器质谱碳同位素(AMS-14C)和光释光(OSL)两种测年方法建立地层年代框架,结合泉州湾现代沉积物具有指相性的地球化学元素含量统计分析结果,运用地球化学元素比值、有孔虫和介形类环境指标判别晚更新世以来的海侵地层,对比区域钻孔资料,探讨了泉州湾MIS 3阶段以来的海侵—海退过程。结果表明:Sr/Ba、Mn/Fe在泉州湾不同水深海相沉积物中变化规律明显,适宜作为泉州湾海岸带海相及海陆过渡相沉积物的指相元素,其界限值分别为Sr/Ba>0.16、Mn/Fe<0.23;泉州湾MIS 3阶段以来发生过两次海侵—海退过程。第一次海侵发生于MIS 3阶段,对应区域上的“福州海侵”,其极盛期发生在距今约35 ka;第二次海侵发生在全新世,对应于区域上的“长乐海进”,其极盛期发生在距今约7~4 ka。研究成果对于重建海岸带沉积环境变化历史、深入认识海陆相互作用及预测未来环境变化具有重要意义。
Abstract:The coastal zone is sensitive to sea–land interaction, making it an ideal place to study the transgression–regression process in Quaternary coastal areas. Based on the stratigraphic and lithologic characteristics of two Quaternary drill cores (DZ01 and DZ02) in the coastal zone of Quanzhou Bay, Fujian Province, a stratigraphic chronological framework was established by using AMS-14C and OSL dating methods. Combined with the statistical analysis results of geochemical element content of indicating facies in modern sediments in Quanzhou Bay, the geochemical element ratios, foraminifers, and ostracods' environmental indicators were used to identify transgressive strata since the Late Pleistocene. The transgression–regression processes since the MIS 3 in Quanzhou Bay were analyzed by comparing it with the regional borehole data. The results show that the Sr/Ba and Mn/Fe values vary significantly in the marine sediments at different water depths in Quanzhou Bay, making them suitable as indicator elements in the marine and sea–land transitional sediments in the Quanzhou Bay coast, with the limit values of Sr/Ba<0.16 and Mn/Fe<0.23, respectively; there have been two transgression–regression processes since the MIS 3 in Quanzhou Bay. The first transgression occurred in the MIS3, corresponding to the regional "Fuzhou transgression," which peaked at about 35 ka B.P. The second transgression occurred in the Holocene, corresponding to the regional "Changle transgression," which peaked at about 7–4 ka B.P. The research results are significant for reconstructing the history of sedimentary environment changes in coastal zones, understanding sea–land interaction, and predicting future environmental changes.
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Key words:
- Quanzhou Bay /
- coastal zone /
- MIS 3 /
- transgression /
- geochemical element ratio /
- sedimentary environment
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表 1 泉州湾钻孔及样品统计
Table 1. Statistics of the drill cores and samples from Quanzhou Bay
钻孔编号 地理位置 高程/
m孔深/
m取芯率/
%AMS-14C
样品个数OSL样品
个数化学元素分析
样品个数微体样品
组数DZ01 晋江河口西岸(118°37′20.68″E,24°51′27.48″N) 28.0 24.1 86.5 5 2 107 9 DZ02 晋江市江头村
(118°36′46.84″E,
24°48′27.24″N)19.0 28.0 92.1 6 1 136 43 表 2 钻孔AMS-14C测年结果
Table 2. AMS-14C test results of the samples from the two drill cores
序号 样品编号 深度/m 样品物质 测试年龄/a BP 校正年龄/Cal a BP 1 DZ01-15 2.65 淤泥 770±20 696±15 2 DZ01-66 9.05 淤泥 6250±25 7196±44 3 DZ01-74 9.85 淤泥 6575±25 7473±30 4 DZ01-14C-2 11.65 炭屑 11540±100 13373±98 5 DZ01-109 15.85 淤泥 31660±410 35580±430 6 DZ02-15 3.45 淤泥 2615±20 2749±6 7 DZ02-14C-2 4.95 贝壳碎片 3905±35 4338±56 8 DZ02-14C-5 12.45 贝壳 6180±50 7081±72 9 DZ02-14C-7 18.15 炭屑 7620±60 8431±56 10 DZ02-168 21.45 淤泥 8270±35 9264±80 11 DZ02-190 23.65 淤泥 8350±30 9375±49 表 3 钻孔光释光测年结果
Table 3. OSL test results of the samples from the two drill cores
序号 样品编号 深度/m U/×10−6 Th/×10−6 K/% 等效剂量
/Gy年剂量/
(Gy/ka)含水量/% 测试年龄/ka 1 DZ01-OSL-4 19.25 5.09±0.11 14.82±0.38 2.91±0.02 344.90±12.37 5.10±0.31 20±5 67.6±4.7 2 DZ01-OSL-5 20.20 3.42±0.11 17.09±0.44 2.68±0.03 401.85±11.78 4.73±0.28 17±5 85.0±5.6 3 DZ02-OSL-1 24.80 5.83±0.42 19.88±1.20 4.54±0.17 204.36±9.47 6.92±0.40 22±5 29.5±2.2 表 4 泉州湾海相及过渡相沉积物指相地球化学元素统计特征
Table 4. Statistical characteristics of geochemical elements of indicating facies in the marine and transitional sediments of Quanzhou Bay
沉积物类型 统计类型 Sr/×10-6 Ba/×10-6 Sr/Ba Rb/×10-6 K/% Rb/K Mn/×10-6 Fe/% Mn/Fe 有孔虫丰度
/(枚/20 g)介形类丰度
/(枚/20 g)泉州湾
现代沉积物平均值 118.68 472.48 0.25 142.70 2.90 0.05 1112.87 5.24 0.23 131.00 96.00 最大值 199.55 762.10 0.37 175.68 4.35 0.06 1850.53 7.98 0.67 224.00 120.00 最小值 76.41 305.37 0.17 95.75 2.03 0.04 768.89 2.03 0.15 36.00 80.00 标准差 22.91 84.81 0.04 13.08 0.44 0.01 254.51 1.34 0.12 84.75 17.28 变异系数 0.19 0.18 0.17 0.09 0.15 0.10 0.23 0.26 0.51 0.65 0.18 钻孔
河口湾相平均值 88.88 450.03 0.20 142.65 2.58 0.06 1215.79 5.07 0.22 22.86 9.00 最大值 108.33 497.20 0.24 152.04 2.92 0.06 4060.88 6.88 0.59 86.00 26.00 最小值 74.80 426.52 0.16 137.20 2.37 0.05 623.39 4.38 0.12 1.00 0.00 标准差 12.43 23.84 0.03 5.74 0.19 0.002 1256.63 0.85 0.17 36.77 10.02 变异系数 0.14 0.05 0.15 0.04 0.07 0.04 1.03 0.17 0.76 1.61 1.11 钻孔浅海相 平均值 140.12 438.99 0.32 141.27 2.66 0.05 736.73 4.91 0.15 2612.67 855.67 最大值 267.82 480.10 0.65 158.18 2.92 0.06 1209.30 5.99 0.23 9536.00 4060.00 最小值 87.90 400.82 0.19 131.26 2.48 0.05 512.66 4.46 0.11 232.00 34.00 标准差 63.36 25.18 0.16 8.14 0.12 0.00 241.64 0.45 0.04 3240.64 1170.28 变异系数 0.45 0.06 0.49 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.33 0.09 0.26 1.24 1.37 表 5 泉州湾沿岸、晋江沿岸钻孔信息表
Table 5. Drill cores along Quanzhou Bay and Jinjiang Rivers
序号 钻孔编号 钻孔位置 钻孔深度/m 测试数据 资料来源 1 DZ01 晋江河口西岸 24.1 14C、光释光、粒度、微体等 文中 2 DZ02 晋江市江头村 28.0 14C、光释光、粒度、微体等 3 CZ01 晋江市杏田村 7.7 14C、光释光 赵红梅等,2022b 4 ZK301 泉州北门养殖场附近 22.07 微体、孢粉、14C 程乾盛,1991 5 ZK308 泉州平原入海口附近的池店东侧 24.73 微体、孢粉、14C 6 QK3-5 浮桥镇新步村 35.69 14C、光释光 张璞等,2005 7 QZDSZK01 大淮新村刺桐南路 35.1 14C、光释光 陈大桂等,2016 8 QZDSZK02 池店镇江滨中学 21.6 14C、光释光 9 QZDSZK03 台商投资区百崎乡煤场南税务局对面砂场 28.7 14C、光释光 10 QZDSZK04 晋江大桥西南 25.9 14C、光释光 11 QZDSZK05 延陵村西南 27.7 14C、光释光 -
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