Dating the Deli Pb–Zn deposit, Xidamingshan mining district, South China: Implications for regional exploration
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摘要: 右江前陆盆地形成于华南板块向印支板块俯冲拼合过程中，保留了大量印支期构造形迹。然而盆地中印支期岩浆及其相关成矿作用鲜有报道。选择右江盆地东南缘西大明山矿集区新发现的与有机质关系密切的德立矿床为研究对象，采用闪锌矿Rb–Sr同位素等时线测年方法，获得德立矿床成矿时代为207.1 ± 0.6 Ma，表明该矿床形成于晚三叠世。Sr同位素初始比值（87Sr/86Sr）i为0.728379～0.739226，对比显示，闪锌矿Sr同位素组成与矿集区及周边晚白垩世长英质岩体、晚侏罗世高镁安山岩低Sr同位素组成具有明显差异，而与区域内三叠纪长英质岩体具有相似的Sr同位素组成，表明德立铅锌矿床成因可能与三叠纪岩浆关系密切，也暗示西大明山矿集区深部或周边存在隐伏三叠纪岩浆岩。此外，该矿床的矿体产出部位与富有机质地层关系密切，泥盆系和寒武系之间的硅钙界面破碎带是寻找铅锌矿床的有利位置。此次研究指示在西大明山矿集区不仅有晚白垩世铅锌成矿作用，矿集区西侧还存在印支期铅锌成矿作用，不排除在局部地区发育两期成矿作用的叠加，为今后矿集区找矿勘查拓展了新的思路和方向。Abstract: The Youjiang basin is a diamond-shaped Indosinian foreland basin formed during the subduction and merging of the South China plate into the Indo-Chinese plate. A large number of Indo-Chinese tectonic traces have been preserved in the basin. However, little has been reported about the syn-tectonic magma and its related mineralization in the basin. Sphalerites from the newly discovered Deli Pb–Zn deposit in the Xidamingshan mining district at the southeastern margin of the Youjiang basin were sampled for the Rb–Sr isochron dating. We obtained the isochron age of 207.1 ± 0.6 Ma (MSWD = 1.5) with initial Sr isotopic composition of 0.728379 to 0.739226. The Sr isotopic compositions are distinct from those of the Late Cretaceous felsic intrusions and the Late Jurassic high-Mg andesite in or around the Xidamingshan district but similar to those of the Late Triassic granites in the Guangxi province. The results indicate that the ore-forming age of the Deli Pb–Zn deposit may be closely related to the concealed Triassic granite. The Si–Ca fracture zone between the Devonian and Cambrian is a favorable location to search for Pb–Zn deposits in the Xidamingshan mining district. This work proves the Triassic Pb–Zn mineralization has occurred in the Xidamingshan mining district and Late Cretaceous magmatic-hydrothermal Bi–W–Zn–Pb–Ag mineralization in the west of it. It provides new ideas and directions for future exploration in the Xidamingshan mining district.
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Key words:
- Youjiang basin /
- Rb–Sr dating /
- organic matter /
- late Triassic /
- Deli Pb–Zn deposit /
- mineralization
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图 1 右江盆地沉积建造−构造简图及研究区位置（据肖昌浩，2018修改）
a—研究区大地构造位置图；b—右江盆地及邻区主要大地构造边界分布图；c—右江盆地沉积建造−构造图
Figure 1. The sedimentary formation and structures of the Youjiang basin, and the location of the study area (modifided from Xiao, 2018)
(a) Tectonic map of Asia showing continental blocks and bounding sutures; (b) Distribution of major tectonic boundaries of the Youjiang basin and adjacent areas; (c) Sedimentary formation and structures of the Youjiang basin
图 2 广西西大明山矿集区大地构造位置图及地质简图(据肖昌浩等，2018a修改)
Figure 2. Geological sketch map of the Xidamingshan mining district along the southeastern margin of the Youjiang basin (modified from Xiao et al., 2018a)
图 3 广西西大明山矿集区德立铅锌矿床地质图
Figure 3. Geological map of the Deli Pb–Zn deposit, Xidamingshan mining district
图 4 广西西大明山矿集区德立铅锌矿床钻孔中含矿破碎带特征
a—ZK01含矿破碎带，底板为富有机质碳质泥灰岩（ZK01H26-1采自第13箱112.5 m处）；b—ZK02含矿破碎带，石英闪锌矿脉产于破碎带
Figure 4. Characteristics of the ore-bearing fractures from the drill cores in the Deli Pb–Zn deposit, Xidamingshan mining district
(a) Ore-bearing fractures of ZK01 with organic-rich carbonaceous marl at the base (ZK01H26-1 sampled from the 13th box at 112.5 m); (b) Ore-bearing fractures of ZK02 with quartz sphalerite veins produced within
图 5 右江盆地东南缘西大明山矿集区德立铅锌矿床闪锌矿Rb–Sr同位素等时线年龄
Figure 5. Rb–Sr isocron ages of sphalreites from the Deli Pb–Zn deposit of the Xidamingshan mining district, southeast of the Youjiang basin
图 6 德立铅锌矿床闪锌矿1/Rb−87Rb/86Sr和1/Sr−87Sr/86Sr投图
a—1/Rb−87Rb/86Sr；b—1/Sr−87Sr/86Sr
Figure 6. Plots of 1/Rb−87Rb/86Sr and 1/Sr−87Sr/86Sr of sphalerites from the Deli Pb−Zn deposit
(a)The 1/Rb−87Rb/86Sr plot; (b) The 1/Sr−87Sr/86Sr plot
表 1 德立铅锌矿床闪锌矿Rb-Sr同位素测试结果
Table 1. Rb-Sr isotopic analyses of sphalreites from the Deli Pb–Zn deposit of the Xidamingshan mining district
样号 矿物名称 Rb/（μg/g） Sr/（μg/g） 87Rb/86Sr 87Sr/86Sr （87Sr/86Sr）i 2σ ZK02-1 闪锌矿 0.2068 5.1060 0.1175 0.730071 0.730068 0.000006 ZK02-2 闪锌矿 1.5330 2.1260 2.0920 0.735899 0.735837 0.000006 ZK02-3 闪锌矿 0.2733 0.2433 3.2600 0.739322 0.739226 0.000017 ZK01-1 闪锌矿 0.2195 0.2054 3.0990 0.728470 0.728379 0.000015 ZK01-2 闪锌矿 0.1049 0.1798 1.6920 0.729563 0.729513 0.000011 ZK01-3 闪锌矿 0.4098 6.9620 0.1707 0.731318 0.731313 0.000009 
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