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矿田构造变形岩相带的地球物理资料解译与找矿应用

张宝林 吕古贤 余建国 梁光河 徐兴旺 李志远 张启鹏 史晓鸣 魏竣滨 许道学 李旭 赵鹏

张宝林, 吕古贤, 余建国, 等, 2021. 矿田构造变形岩相带的地球物理资料解译与找矿应用. 地质力学学报, 27 (4): 542-556. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2021.27.04.047
引用本文: 张宝林, 吕古贤, 余建国, 等, 2021. 矿田构造变形岩相带的地球物理资料解译与找矿应用. 地质力学学报, 27 (4): 542-556. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2021.27.04.047
ZHANG Baolin, LYU Guxian, YU Jianguo, et al., 2021. Geophysical data interpretation of the tectonic deformation lithofacies belts in the ore field: Application in ore prospecting. Journal of Geomechanics, 27 (4): 542-556. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2021.27.04.047
Citation: ZHANG Baolin, LYU Guxian, YU Jianguo, et al., 2021. Geophysical data interpretation of the tectonic deformation lithofacies belts in the ore field: Application in ore prospecting. Journal of Geomechanics, 27 (4): 542-556. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2021.27.04.047

矿田构造变形岩相带的地球物理资料解译与找矿应用

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2021.27.04.047
基金项目: 

内蒙古自治区地质勘查基金管理中心科研项目 2019-KY02

山东黄金矿业(玲珑)有限公司科研项目 LLYY-2019-001

山东黄金归来庄矿业有限公司科研项目 GLZZB-20191201

海南山金矿业有限公司科研项目 HNSJ191017-195

详细信息
    作者简介:

    张宝林(1963-), 男, 博士, 研究员, 从事矿田地质、构造物理化学、隐伏矿床定位预测理论和技术研究。E-mail: blzhang@mail.iggcas.ac.cn

  • 中图分类号: P313;P552

Geophysical data interpretation of the tectonic deformation lithofacies belts in the ore field: Application in ore prospecting

Funds: 

the research project of Geological Exploration Fund Management Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 2019-KY02

Shandong Gold Mining (Linglong) Co., Ltd. LLYY-2019-001

Shandong Guilaizhuang Gold Mining Co., Ltd. GLZZB-20191201

Hainan Shanjin Mining Co., Ltd. HNSJ191017-195

  • 摘要: 基于岩(矿)石物性参数和矿床成因类型建立的地球物理勘查模型,在深部找矿预测中出现了多解性的问题,急需找到地球物理方法能够高精度识别的地质体目标。多年的找矿实践表明,矿田构造变形岩相带就是一个重要的选项,业已取得显著的找矿效果。目前,大比例尺的矿区地球物理勘查工作较多,而中比例尺的矿田地球物理研究比较薄弱,且两者均缺乏分层次的战略指导。为了建立矿田构造变形岩相带的地球物理判别标志,需要厘清地质与地球物理的复杂时间-空间关系,加强地质力学与地球物理勘探方法的联系。文章提出分层次处理和解释地球物理信息的思路,即根据研究区构造形迹的"米字型"结构特征和构造体系阶段性发展的特点,从矿田、矿床2个层次解析不同尺度-维度的地球物理勘查资料,提取构造变形岩相带信息。具体操作流程为先在矿田范围内布置面积性物探,解译"米字型"断裂构造系统,选定张性和张扭性含矿断裂构造,预测找矿方向;再在含矿断裂带布置大深度物探剖面,分析剥蚀程度和埋藏深度,结合化探信息圈定找矿靶区位置。文中以内蒙古赤峰柴胡栏子金矿田为例,介绍该方法的找矿应用效果。首先从矿田地球物理资料中解译出新华夏构造体系"米字型"分布的构造形迹,然后在2个矿区内确认了北北西和北西西走向的构造变形岩相带是主要的含矿构造带,且两者之间存在时空上的先后关系,为深部找矿预测提供了依据。

     

  • 图  1  新华夏构造体系结构面及其力学分析概图(据吕古贤等,2020a修改)

    1—新华夏挤压构造;2—泰山式压剪构造;3—大义山式张剪构造;4—长江式张性构造;5—所受外力方向

    Figure  1.  Sketch map of the structural surface of the Neocathaysian tectonic system and its mechanical analysis (modified after Lyu et al., 2020a).

    1-Neocathaysian compressional structure. 2-Taishan-type compression-shear structure. 3-Dayishan-type tension-shear structure. 4-Changjiang-type tensile structure.5-Modes of external forces

    图  2  赤峰北部航磁资料解译的新华夏构造体系“米字型”结构图

    Figure  2.  Sketch map showing the "-shaped" structure of the Neocathaysian tectonic system interpreted by the aeromagnetic data in the northern area of Chifeng

    图  3  柴胡栏子地区航磁资料解译的成矿带分界示意图

    Figure  3.  Boundary diagram of the metallogenic belt in the Chaihulanzi area by the aeromagnetic data interpretation

    图  4  柴胡栏子金矿区Ⅰ号含矿断裂带平面图(据李德亭和袁怀雨,2005修改)

    Figure  4.  Plan of No.Ⅰ ore-bearing fracture zone in the Chaihulanzi gold mining area (Base map is modified after Li and Yuan, 2005)

    图  5  柴胡栏子矿区北西向成矿构造变形特征

    a—697 m中段坑道顶板Ⅰ-5号脉照片;b—素描与运动学分析

    Figure  5.  NW trending metallogenic structural deformation features of the Chaihulanzi mining area. (a) Photograph of No.Ⅰ-5 vein in the 697 m middle tunnel roof. (b) Sketch and kinematic analysis

    图  6  红花沟金矿区Ⅱ号矿脉群779 m中段平面分布图(据曾庆栋等,2003修改)

    Figure  6.  Plan distribution map of the 779 m middle section of No.Ⅱ vein group in the Honghuagou gold mining area (Base map is modified after Zeng et al., 2003)

    表  1  复成地质作用下的构造变形岩相岩石的物性特征(据吕古贤等,2020b修改)

    Table  1.   Physical characteristics of tectonic deformation lithofacies rocks under complex geological processes (modified after Lyu et al., 2020b)

    构造变形岩相 构造变形亚岩相 岩石物性特征 典型矿产
    层控改造岩相和构造热液岩相 矽卡岩化构造变形岩相 密度低、弱中磁、中高阻 钨、锡、钼、铁、铜、铅、锌等
    云英岩化构造变形岩相 密度低、弱磁、中高阻 钨、锡、钼、铋、铌、钽、铍、锂等
    钾长石化构造变形岩相 密度低、弱磁、中低阻 铅、锌、金、铀、稀土等
    钠长石化构造变形岩相 密度低、弱磁、高阻 钨、锡、金、铁、铜、磷、黄铁矿
    绢英岩化构造变形岩相 密度低、弱磁、中低阻 金、铜、铅、锌、钼、铋等
    绿泥石化构造变形岩相 密度低、弱磁、中低阻 铜、铅、锌、金、银、锡、黄铁矿等
    硅化构造变形岩相 密度低、弱磁、高阻 铜、钼、铅、锌、金、银、汞、黄铁矿
    碳酸盐化构造变形岩相 密度低、弱磁、高阻 铌、钽、锆等
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  地球物理方法的有效探测深度分级表

    Table  2.   Classification table of effective sounding depths by geophysical methods

    能力级别 找矿目标 探测目标 探测方法 有效深度
    初级 矿体、矿床 与已知矿相似的物性异常体 电阻率、磁性、密度、速度、放射性等 几十米~几百米
    中级 矿床、成矿带,常常越位使用 断裂构造带的三维分布 地震、大地电磁测深、瞬变电磁、重磁法等 几百米~几十千米
    高级 矿田 含矿构造变形岩相带的三维分布 地震、大深度电磁法、重磁法等 几百米~几千米
    下载: 导出CSV
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