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金沙江乌东德水电站坝区高陡边坡地质灾害监测预警研究

李滨 张青 王文沛 赵其苏 王晨辉 贺凯 高杨 张晓飞

李滨, 张青, 王文沛, 等, 2020. 金沙江乌东德水电站坝区高陡边坡地质灾害监测预警研究. 地质力学学报, 26 (4): 556-564. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2020.26.04.048
引用本文: 李滨, 张青, 王文沛, 等, 2020. 金沙江乌东德水电站坝区高陡边坡地质灾害监测预警研究. 地质力学学报, 26 (4): 556-564. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2020.26.04.048
LI Bin, ZHANG Qing, WANG Wenpei, et al., 2020. Geohazard monitoring and risk management of high-steep slope in the Wudongde dam area. Journal of Geomechanics, 26 (4): 556-564. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2020.26.04.048
Citation: LI Bin, ZHANG Qing, WANG Wenpei, et al., 2020. Geohazard monitoring and risk management of high-steep slope in the Wudongde dam area. Journal of Geomechanics, 26 (4): 556-564. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2020.26.04.048

金沙江乌东德水电站坝区高陡边坡地质灾害监测预警研究

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2020.26.04.048
基金项目: 

国家重点研发计划项目 2018YFC1504806

国家自然科学基金项目 41702342

详细信息
    作者简介:

    李滨(1980-), 男, 博士, 研究员, 主要从事地质灾害防治研究工作。E-mail:libin1102@163.com

  • 中图分类号: P694

Geohazard monitoring and risk management of high-steep slope in the Wudongde dam area

  • 摘要: 文章以金沙江下游乌东德水电站坝区右岸水垫塘高陡边坡为例,系统探索了高度超过500 m的高陡边坡地质灾害调查识别与监测预警技术。针对常规方法难以准确捕捉高陡边坡危岩体变形破坏特征这一问题,创新采用了"登山攀岩速降技术与地质调查、工程地质测绘相结合"的方法,在乌东德水电站坝区水垫塘高陡边坡共调查识别了178个危岩体。在此基础上,通过构建分布式光纤应变实时监测系统和具有明显裂缝的危岩体布设拉绳位移传感器,实现了高陡边坡危岩体形变的实时监测,监测结果与实际危岩体变形一致。此外,在高程580~1600 m的坡体上还布设了6个地震动监测台站,捕捉到了包括2016年12月8日乌东德地震和2017年3月12日的鲁甸地震在内的大量地震加速度数据,并以此分析了乌东德地震波作用下的岩体动力响应特征,结果显示该边坡处于基本稳定状态。上述研究思路和方法对西南水电站高陡边坡稳定性监测预警和风险评估具有借鉴意义。

     

  • 图  1  金沙江下游乌东德坝区右岸高陡边坡影像图

    Figure  1.  Images of the high-steep slope on the right bank of the Wudongde dam area in the Jinsha River area

    图  2  乌东德水电站坝区水垫塘高陡边坡危岩体调查识别方法

    Figure  2.  Investigation and identification methods for dangerous rock mass of the Shuidiantang high-steep slope in the Wudong dam area

    图  3  乌东德水电站坝区水垫塘高陡边坡危岩体分布立面图(白色圈曲线为危岩体)

    Figure  3.  Distribution and three types of failure of dangerous rock mass of the Shuidiantang high-steep slope in the Wudong dam area. White loops indicate the dangerous rock masses

    图  4  乌东德水电站坝区水垫塘高陡边坡危岩体物联网模式分布式光纤监测系统布设示意图

    Figure  4.  Layout of the distributed optical fiber sensor system based on the Internet of Things for dangerous rock masses of the Shuidiantang high-steep slope in the Wudong dam area

    图  5  乌东德水电站坝区水垫塘高陡边坡危岩体分布式光纤应变监测曲线图

    Figure  5.  Strains from the distributed optical fiber sensor system for dangerous rock masses of the Shuidiantang high-steep slope in the Wudong dam area

    图  6  乌东德坝址区鸡冠山梁子高陡边坡工程地质剖面及地震台站布设剖面

    1—会理群落雪组第八段中—厚层状灰岩;2—会理群落雪组第七段中—厚层状灰岩;3—震旦系观音崖组薄层白云岩夹薄层砂质泥岩、页岩;4—第四系崩坡积物;5—地层界线;6—地震动监测点

    Figure  6.  Geological section and layout of seismic stations of the Jiguanshanliangzi high-steep slope in the Wudong dam area

    图  7  乌东德坝址区鸡冠山梁子监测点4、5、6号台站实测地震加速度记录

    Figure  7.  Seismic accelerations from the NO. 4, 5, and 6 station in the Jiguanshanliangzi high-steep slope in the Wudong dam area

    图  8  乌东德坝址区鸡冠山梁子不同地震情况下边坡塑性变形

    Figure  8.  Plastic deformation of the Jiguanshanliangzi high-steep slope in the Wudong dam area under different seismic conditions

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  • 收稿日期:  2020-06-20
  • 修回日期:  2020-07-10
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