Study on the surge induced by the collapse of dangerous rock mass in Longmen Village in Three Gorges reservoir area
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摘要: 长江两岸高耸的危岩体对航道、沿岸居民带来巨大安全隐患。大宁河属于长江一级支流，龙门寨危岩体位于大宁河上，距离巫山县城仅1 km。利用FLOW-3D软件，模拟了145 m、175 m两种水位工况下龙门寨危岩体崩塌产生涌浪过程和涌浪传播过程。模拟结果表明，涌浪在145 m水位工况下最大浪高约为17.9 m，175 m水位工况下最大浪高约为11.6 m；在巫山县的五个码头处，两种水位工况最大涌浪爬高分别约为10.9 m、3.8 m；根据涌浪高度，对大宁河进行危险分区，145 m水位工况下极高危险区长度约4.4 km，很高危险区长度约1.9 km；175 m水位工况下极高危险区长度约3.0 km，很高危险区长度约1.0 km。研究结果有助于防控龙门寨危岩体潜在涌浪灾害危害，保障大宁河航道和巫山县码头安全，同时也为三峡库区滑坡涌浪灾害提供了预警依据。Abstract: The towering rock masses on both sides of the Yangtze River bring huge safety hazards to the waterway and residents along the river. The Daning River is a tributary of the Yangtze River. The dangerous rock mass in Longmen Village is located above the Daning River, only 1km away from Wushan County. In this paper, the FLOW-3D software model is used to simulate the generation and propagation processes of the surge induced by the collapse of the dangerous rock mass in Longmen Village under two water level conditions of 145 m and 175 m. The numerical simulation analysis shows that the maximum surge height at 145 m and 175 m water level is about 17.8 m and 11.6 m respectively. At the five wharfs in Wushan County, the maximum surge climbs as high as 6.4m and 2.1 m respectively under the two water level conditions. According to the surge height, the Daning River area is zoned based on the risk level. When the water level is 145 m high, the extremely high-risk zone is about 4.4 km and the very high-risk zone is about 1.9 km; when the water level is 175 m high, the extremely high-risk zone is about 3.0 km and the very high-risk zone is about 1 km. The potential surge hazard of the dangerous rock mass in Longmen Village endangers the safety of the Daning River waterway and the wharfs in Wushan county. This study provides a basis for the early warning of landslide-induced surge disasters in the Three Gorges reservoir area.
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图 1 巫山县城周边典型滑坡-涌浪灾害点分布图
Figure 1. Distribution map of typical landslide-induced surges near Wushan County
图 4 龙门寨危岩体模型以及监测点位置
Figure 4. Model of the dangerous rock mass in Longmen Village and the positions of the monitoring points
图 5 龙门寨危岩体模型X-Z面、X-Y面涌浪传播过程
Figure 5. Propagation processes of the X-Z plane and X-Y plane of the surge by the dangerous rock mass model
图 6 河道涌浪传播速度分布图
Figure 6. Distribution diagram of the propagation velocity in the channel
图 10 145 m水位各码头涌浪高度过程线
Figure 10. Hydrograph of the surge height of each wharf at 145 m water level
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