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台风暴雨型浅层滑坡失稳机理研究

闫金凯 黄俊宝 李海龙 陈亮 张艳玲

闫金凯, 黄俊宝, 李海龙, 等, 2020. 台风暴雨型浅层滑坡失稳机理研究. 地质力学学报, 26 (4): 481-491. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2020.26.04.041
引用本文: 闫金凯, 黄俊宝, 李海龙, 等, 2020. 台风暴雨型浅层滑坡失稳机理研究. 地质力学学报, 26 (4): 481-491. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2020.26.04.041
YAN Jinkai, HUANG Junbao, LI Hailong, et al., 2020. Study on instability mechanism of shallow landslide caused by typhoon and heavy rain. Journal of Geomechanics, 26 (4): 481-491. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2020.26.04.041
Citation: YAN Jinkai, HUANG Junbao, LI Hailong, et al., 2020. Study on instability mechanism of shallow landslide caused by typhoon and heavy rain. Journal of Geomechanics, 26 (4): 481-491. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2020.26.04.041

台风暴雨型浅层滑坡失稳机理研究

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2020.26.04.041
基金项目: 

国家重点研发计划项目 2018YFC1504806

中国地质科学院基本科研业务费项目 JKY201909

中国地质调查局地质调查项目 DD20190287

详细信息
    作者简介:

    闫金凯(1981-), 男, 博士, 高级工程师, 主要从事地质灾害及地下空间等方面的研究。E-mail:yanjinkaisw@163.com

  • 中图分类号: P642.22

Study on instability mechanism of shallow landslide caused by typhoon and heavy rain

  • 摘要: 针对台风暴雨耦合作用下浅层滑坡的失稳机理进行研究。在总结福建台风暴雨型滑坡灾害特征的基础上,提出风荷载对斜坡变形失稳的影响机理是通过植被造成坡体开裂,从而影响坡体的入渗规律。应用GeoStudio软件计算台风暴雨入渗条件下裂隙坡体中暂态非饱和渗流场的变化,以及对斜坡稳定性的影响。计算结果表明:裂隙坡体由于在裂隙处形成集中入渗点,雨水的入渗速度大于无裂隙的坡体,坡体达到饱和状态所需要的时间大为缩短。裂隙深度、间距对滑坡稳定系数的影响较大,裂隙深度越大、间距越小,在相同的降雨条件下滑坡的稳定系数越小,滑坡失稳需要的降雨时长越短。裂隙宽度对滑坡稳定性的影响相对较小。

     

  • 图  1  “西马伦”台风诱发地质灾害分布示意图

    Figure  1.  Distribution map of geological hazards induced by Typhoon Simalun

    图  2  “莫拉克”台风诱发地质灾害分布示意图

    Figure  2.  Distribution map of geological hazards induced by Typhoon Morakot

    图  3  台风诱发的典型滑坡灾害

    Figure  3.  Typical landslide disasters induced by typhoon

    图  4  风荷载-植被-坡体相互作用模型示意图

    Figure  4.  Schematic diagram of the wind load-vegetation-slope interaction model

    图  5  裂隙斜坡计算模型

    Figure  5.  Calculation model of the cracked slope

    图  6  土水特征曲线

    Figure  6.  Soil-water characteristic curve

    图  7  非饱和渗透系数方程

    Figure  7.  Unsaturated permeability coefficient equation

    图  8  裂隙坡体(裂隙间距5 m)渗流规律及孔隙水压力分布图(单位/kPa)

    箭头—渗流的方向和大小;数字—孔隙水压力;蓝线—饱和区域与非饱和区域分界线

    Figure  8.  Seepage law and pore water pressure distribution diagram of the cracked slope (crack spacing is 5 m) (unit/kPa

    图  9  无裂隙坡体渗流规律及孔隙水压力分布图(单位/kPa)

    箭头—渗流的方向和大小;数字—孔隙水压力;蓝线—饱和区域与非饱和区域分界线

    Figure  9.  Seepage law and pore water pressure distribution diagram of the crackless slope (unit/kPa)

    图  10  坡体饱和时间与裂隙深度关系曲线

    Figure  10.  Relationship between slope saturation time and crack depth)

    图  11  坡体饱和时间与裂隙间距关系曲线

    Figure  11.  Relationship between slope saturation time and crack spacing

    图  12  不同裂隙深度坡体随降雨时间的稳定系数变化曲线

    Figure  12.  Variation curves of stability coefficient of slope bodies with different crack depths with rainfall time

    图  13  不同裂隙宽度的滑坡随降雨时间的稳定系数曲线

    Figure  13.  Stability coefficient curves of landslides with different crack widths with rainfall time

    图  14  不同裂隙间距的滑坡随降雨时间的稳定系数曲线

    Figure  14.  Stability coefficient curves of landslide with different crack spacings with rainfall time

    表  1  台风登陆与灾害体失稳时间对比表

    Table  1.   Comparison table of typhoon landing and disaster instability time

    台风编号 登陆时间 结束时间 地灾主要
    失稳时间
    所占
    比例/%
    “苏力”台风 7月13日16时 7月14日5时 7月14日0—5时 87.5
    “西马伦”台风 7月18日21时 7月19日2时 7月19日0—2时 95.2
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  岩土体计算参数表

    Table  2.   Calculation parameter table of the rock and mass

    岩土体类型 容重/(kN·m-3) 内聚力/kPa 内摩擦角/(°)
    土体 19 13 18
    岩体 23 200 36
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  不同裂缝深度的斜坡失稳时降雨时间表

    Table  3.   Rainfall schedule when slopes with different crack depths are unstable

    裂缝深度/m 0 0.3 0.5 1 1.3
    失稳时降雨时间/h 24 22 21 19 17
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2020-05-31
  • 修回日期:  2020-06-30
  • 刊出日期:  2020-08-01

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