Quantitative structure analysis of ore-bearing garnet-rich crystal in the Huogeqi mining area in Inner Mongolia and its significance
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摘要: 晶体粒度分布（CSD）是定量化分析火成岩和变质岩结构的重要手段。在变质岩中测量的CSD提供了有关变质过程中晶体成核和生长速率、生长时间的定量信息。文章选取内蒙古霍各乞二号矿床含矿富石榴石岩样品中石榴子石晶体为研究对象，在GIS软件和R语言的支持下，应用空间点模式分析、CSD分析、空间最邻近分析、空间多距离分析、Fry分析等综合方法，探讨了晶体空间数据和点空间数据表征的微结构变化特征，将CSD曲线分段变化记录的信息与地质演化历史联系起来。分段的CSD曲线记录了变质事件的叠加。不同形式的晶体粒度分布直接反映了区域变质岩与接触变质岩演化历史的差异。由于接触变质作用的高温阶段持续时间较短，因此产生的CSD曲线是线性的，不受退火的影响。而区域变质作用涉及长时间升温及其之后的冷却阶段，所以最初的线性CSD后来被退火改造为钟形曲线。含矿富石榴石岩样品的核密度和CSD分析结果显示了两个晶体群密度。分析认为一类晶体群可能与造山过程中的区域变质活动有关，另一类晶体群可能与大面积区域变质期后发生在特定位置的岩体侵入迅速升温的接触热变质事件有关。Abstract: Crystal size distribution(CSD) is an important method to quantitatively analyze the structure of igneous rocks and metamorphic rocks. The CSD measured in metamorphic rocks provides quantitative information about crystal nucleation, growth rate and growth time during metamorphism. In this paper, garnet crystals from ore-bearing garnet-rich rock samples from the Huogeqi No. 2 deposit in Inner Mongolia are selected as the research object, supported by GIS software and R language. By using methods of spatial point pattern analysis, CSD analysis, spatial nearest neighbor analysis, spatial multi-distance analysis and Fry analysis, the microstructure variation characteristics of crystal spatial data and point spatial data are discussed. The segmented change record information of CSD curves is linked with the geological evolution history. The results show that the segmented CSD curves reflect the superimposed records of metamorphic events. The grain size distributions of different forms of crystals directly reflect the difference in the evolution history of regional metamorphic rocks and contact deformed rocks. The contact metamorphism involves a short period of high temperature, so the CSD produced is linear and not affected by annealing. The regional metamorphism involves long-term cooling at high temperature, so the initial linear CSD is later annealed and modified to bell shape. The nuclear density and CSD analysis results of ore-bearing garnet-rich samples also show two crystal group densities. It is considered that the differentiation of one crystal group may be related to the regional metamorphism in the orogenic process, while the other may be related to intrusive rocks that occurred in specific locations after regional metamorphism and activation.
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Key words:
- garnet /
- quantitative structure analysis /
- crystal size distribution /
- CSD /
- Huogeqi
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图 1 研究区大地构造位置及其区域地质简图
a—华北克拉通中、新元古代地层分布图(Hu et al., 2014)；b—内蒙古狼山-渣尔泰山中元古代沉积构造(王思源和杨海明，1993)；c—内蒙古狼山-渣尔泰山-白云鄂博矿床分布略图(Xu et al., 1998)
1—古生界；2—中元古界；3—古元古界色尔腾山群；4—太古界乌拉山群；5—印支期花岗岩；6—海西期侵入岩；7—加里东期侵入岩；8—元古宙及太古宙侵入岩；9—台缘断裂；10—吉兰泰断裂；11—断裂；12—矿床；13—地名Figure 1. Geotectonic location and simplified regional geological map of Langshan
图 2 霍各乞矿区地质图(底图第四系地形据http://www.google.cn/maps)
1—狼山群第二岩组第一岩段；2—狼山群第二岩组第一亚段；3—狼山群第二岩组第一岩段第二亚段；4—狼山群第二岩组第二岩段；5—狼山群第二岩组第三岩段；6—狼山群第二岩组第三岩段第一亚段；7—花岗岩；8—采样位置
Figure 2. Geological map of the Huogeqi mining area (the base map is from http://www.google.cn/maps)
图 3 霍各乞矿区最常见的富石榴石岩显微镜下特征(正交偏光)
Grt—石榴石；Bt—黑云母；Ms—白云母；Pl—斜长石；Qtz—石英；Cum—镁铁闪石；Alm—角闪石
Figure 3. Microscopic features of the most common garnet-rich rocks in the Huogeqi mining area(orthogonal polarization)
图 4 石榴子石晶体分布图
a—ImageJ石榴子石提取图(红色点为石榴子石)；b—内核平滑的点密度图(蓝色点为a图中每个石榴子石位置)
Figure 4. Garnet crystal distribution diagram
图 5 含矿富石榴石岩石榴子石晶体显微组构图
a—b—样品18H2-14含矿富石榴石岩石榴子石晶体BSE图像；c—j—两种石榴石变斑晶的能量色散X射线光谱(EDS)图
Figure 5. Microscopic composition of garnet crystals from ore-bearing garnet-rich rocks
图 6 样品特征与标本采集照片
a—用于绘制石榴石晶体并估算其CSD的抛光手标本(ImageJ石榴子石提取图)；b—含矿富石榴石岩宏观野外照片；c—基于手标本采样的薄片照片；d—显微镜下鉴定照片(正交偏光)
Figure 6. Sample characteristics and sample collection photos
图 8 石榴子石晶体形状分析
a—交点宽度长度比频率密度分布图；b—随机定向平面与平行四边形相交的宽度/长度分布
Figure 8. Analysis of garnet crystal shape
图 9 R Project平台上使用spatstat程序作的Fry图(CorelDRAW X8TM平台中的标尺工具测量的应变椭圆的主轴)
Figure 9. Fry diagram using spatstat program on R Project platform (principal axis of strain ellipse measured by ruler tool in CorelDRAW X8TM platform)
图 10 石榴子石点的空间邻域距离函数
Figure 10. Spatial neighborhood distance function of garnet points
表 1 沿逆时针方向相对X轴测量角度统计表
Table 1. Statistical table for measuring angle relative to X axis in counterclockwise direction
角度/(°) 数量/个 角度/(°) 数量/个 角度/(°) 数量/个 角度/(°) 数量/个 角度/(°) 数量/个 5 20 45 17 85 13 125 17 165 17 15 17 55 20 95 16 135 20 175 14 25 15 65 15 105 16 145 17 35 13 75 16 115 13 155 22 注：数据来自样品原始数据CSDCorrections 1.6处理生成 
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