关于秦岭造山带

张国伟; 郭安林; 董云鹏; 姚安平

doi:10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.05.064

关于秦岭造山带

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.05.064

西北大学大陆动力学国家重点实验室/大陆构造协同创新中心/西北大学地质学系, 陕西西安 710069

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 49732080

西北大学院士工作室项目 134890003

详细信息

作者简介:
张国伟(1939-), 男, 教授, 中国科学院院士, 从事大陆造山带和前寒武纪地质研究。E-mail:gwzhang@nwu.edu.cn

中图分类号: P54
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-09-28
- 修回日期: 2019-10-02
- 刊出日期: 2019-10-28

RETHINKING OF THE QINLING OROGEN

State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Cooperation Innovation Center of Continental Tectonics, Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shannxi China

摘要

摘要: 纪念老一代地球科学家李四光先生，思考地球科学与大地构造学的创新发展。文章以秦岭造山带为例思考大陆复合造山及其动力学，认知概括秦岭造山带基本属性与特质，探索认识中小多板块多期洋陆俯冲造山-陆-陆板块俯冲碰撞造山的板块复合造山，并又强烈叠加复合陆内造山，造成复杂组成与结构，形成立交桥式四维流变学分层的多层非耦合动态演化的大陆复合造山带模型，及其新的演化趋势动态和构成国家人类需求的成矿成藏物质财富与宜居的地表系统环境等，期望前瞻探索认知地球发展的未来。文章还就秦岭造山带几个有争议的问题，进行简要讨论，共求新的探索研究发展。期盼学习李四光先生学术理论精华，尤其在深化发展板块构造，探索认知大陆构造与动力学方面，创新发展地质力学，以宇宙太阳系视野探索地球动力学，推动大地构造新发展。
- 板块复合造山 /
- 陆内造山 /
- 大陆构造与流变学 /
- 地球动力学
Abstract: To cherish the memory of geological pioneer J.S.Lee and think about the innovation development of Earth science and tectonic theory, the composite orogeny and dynamics of the Qinling orogen, based on further understanding of the fundamental characteristics of the Qinling orogen, is reconsidered. The Qinling orogen has so far experienced middle-small sized plates, multi-episode ocean-continent subduction, continent-continent collision and intracontinental orogeny, and eventually formed complex component and structure, and the continental composite orogen model of 4-D "overpass-type", rheological stratification, decoupling structure in dynamic evolution. As a result, the habitable Earth surface system and abundant natural resources serving the human society development and national needs have been created. Some issues on controversy are also briefly discussed for reconciling the insights on the Qinling orogen and deepening the study of continental composite orogen, and expecting to grasp J.S.Lee's academic essence for exploring continental tectonics and dynamics, developing plate tectonics theory and Geomechanics, studying Earth dynamics in the vision of the Solar system and universe and pushing the tectonic theory forward.
- plate composite orogeny /
- intracontinental orogeny /
- continental tectonics and rheology /
- Earth dynamics
注释:

责任编辑：吴芳

HTML全文

图 1 秦岭造山带构造单元划分图

Figure 1. Tectonic units of the Qinling orogen

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图 2 秦岭造山带演化示意图

Figure 2. Cartoon for evolution of the Qinling orogen

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图 3 秦岭造山带岩石圈现今“立交桥”式结构模型

A—上层，固态化的先期东两向构造层；B-中水平流变状态过渡层；C—下层，深部流变状态南北向构造层

Figure 3. 4-D lithospheric decoupled "overpass-type" structure of the Qinling orogen

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图 4 中国大地构造最新演化动态格局

Ⅰ-华北与东北构造区；Ⅱ-华南构造区；Ⅲ-青藏构造区；Ⅳ-新疆与北山构造区；左下图为中国大陆岩石圈底部Pg差异图（据文献[11]）

Figure 4. Today's evolution dynamic pattern of China continental tectonics

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图 5 秦岭-大别等中央造山系东西岩石圈剥露剖面示意图

Figure 5. A model showing denudation of the lithosphere (in E-W strike) of the Qinling-Dabie orogen

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图 6 秦岭-大别南缘勉略断裂构造带与勉略板块缝合带简图

1—勉略构造带；2—蛇绿岩及相关火山岩；3—UHP岩石剥露区；4—韧性剪切带；5—断层；6—Ⅰ华北地块南缘与北秦岭带，Ⅱ扬子地块北缘，Ⅲ南秦岭；7—秦岭—大别造山带商丹缝合带(SF₁)，秦岭勉略缝合带(SF₂)；8—秦岭—大别北缘边界断裂带(F₁)和南缘边界断裂带(F₂)，即勉略构造带

Figure 6. Sketched map showing the southern margin of the Qinling-Dabie fault tectonic zone and the Mianlue suture zone

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图 7 秦岭及邻区二叠纪长兴期古地理

(据文献[34])
1-砾岩；2-砂岩、砾岩、含砾砂岩；3-砾岩或含砾砂岩；4-含砾砂岩及细砂岩；5-砂岩（陆向/滨浅海相）；6-粉、细砂岩、泥岩（陆向/滨浅海相）；7-滨浅海相泥岩、粘土岩；8-滨浅海相粉、细砂岩、泥岩夹煤层；9-泥灰岩；10-泥灰岩夹细碎屑岩；11-白云岩；12-膏岩、盐岩；13-鲕粒灰岩；14-石灰岩；15-浊积岩（半深海/深海）；16-滑积岩；17-半深海碳酸盐岩、砂泥岩；18-半深海砂泥岩；19-半深海火山岩；20-硅质岩（半深海/深海）；21-蛇绿岩；22-断岩；23-岩相界线

Figure 7. Permian Changxing phase palcogcography of the Qinling Mts. and adjacent area

(after reference [34])

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