FRACTABILITY EVALUATION OF TIGHT SANDSTONE RESERVOIRS BASED ON IMPROVED ENTROPY ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS: TAKING THE JURASSIC RESERVOIRS OF WELL Z109 IN THE JUNGGAR BASIN AS AN EXAMPLE
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摘要: 储层可压裂性评价是储层改造方案设计的重要依据，影响致密砂岩可压裂性的主要因素有天然裂缝、砂岩脆性、水平应力差异、断裂韧性等。研究以准噶尔盆地中部1区块Z109井侏罗系致密砂岩为例，综合考虑天然裂缝、砂岩脆性、水平应力差异、断裂韧性四种影响因素，采用改进的层次分析和熵值法相结合的方法进行了致密砂岩储层可压裂性评价。研究结果表明：可压裂性指数越大，致密砂岩储层越易于压裂，压裂时越能获得较复杂的裂缝网络；可压裂性指数大于0.44，砂岩脆性高，断裂韧性小，裂缝发育程度高，水平差异系数小的储层段为Ⅰ级优质压裂层；可压裂性指数大于0.44，砂岩脆性高，断裂韧性小，裂缝发育程度低，水平差异系数大的储层段为Ⅱ级可压裂层；研究区Z109井4036~4039 m、4062~4067 m、4214~4218 m和4260~4272 m为Ⅰ级优质压裂层，4093~4108 m和4284~4313 m为Ⅱ级可压裂层。研究成果可为致密砂岩压裂改造提供科学依据。Abstract: Evaluation of reservoir fractability is an important basis for reservoir reconstruction, and the main factors affecting the fracability of tight sandstone are natural fracture, sandstone brittleness, horizontal stress difference, fracture toughness and so on. Taking Jurassic tight sandstones in Well Z109, Block 1, Central Junggar Basin as an example, four influencing factors, namely natural crack, sandstone brittleness, horizontal stress difference and fracture toughness, were considered comprehensively, and then improved analytic hierarchy process and entropy method were adopted to evaluate the fractability of tight sandstone reservoirs. The results show that the higher the fracturing index is, the easier it is to fracture tight sandstone reservoirs and the more complex fracture networks can be obtained during fracturing. The reservoirs with fracture index higher than 0.44, high brittleness, small fracture toughness, high degree of fracture development and low level difference coefficient are level Ⅰ high quality fracturing layers, and the reservoirs with fracture index higher than 0.44, high brittleness, small fracture toughness, low degree of fracture development and high level difference coefficient are level Ⅱ fracturing layers. In the study area, 4036~4039 m, 4062~4067 m, 4214~4218 m and 4260~4272 m of Well Z109 are level Ⅰ high quality fracturing layers, 4093~4108 m and 4284~4313 m are level Ⅱ fracturing layers. The research results provide scientific basis for fracturing reconstruction of tight sandstone.
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图 1 可压裂性影响因素层次结构模型
Figure 1. Hierarchy structure model of the factors influencing of fracability
表 1 判断矩阵标度
Table 1. Judgement matrix scale
标度 含义 1 表示两影响因素相比，重要性相同 3 表示两影响因素相比，一个比另一个稍微重要 5 表示两影响因素相比，一个比另一个重要 7 表示两影响因素相比，一个比另一个明显重要 9 表示两影响因素相比，一个比另一个极其重要 2，4，6，8 上述两相邻判断中间值 
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表 2 比较矩阵判断值
Table 2. Comparison matrix judgment value
标度 含义 2 指标i比指标j重要 1 指标i和指标j一样重要 0 指标i没指标j重要
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表 3 判断矩阵元素计算式
Table 3. Formula of judgement matrix element
ri、rj大小 aij值 ri=ri 1 ri>ri ri-ri ri < ri [ri-ri]-1
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表 4 可压裂性评价因素比较矩阵
Table 4. Fracture evaluation factor comparison matrix
裂缝发育
指数(I)脆性
指数
(BI)水平应力
差异系数
(Kh)断裂
韧性
(KIC)ri 天然裂缝(I) 1 0 2 0 3 脆性指数(BI) 2 1 2 2 7 水平应力差异系数(Kh) 0 0 1 0 1 断裂韧性(KIC) 2 0 2 1 5
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表 5 熵值法计算结果
Table 5. `The calculation results based on entropy method
指标 裂缝发育
指数(I)脆性指数
(BI)水平应力差异
系数(Kh)断裂韧性
(KIC)Hi 0.8197 0.8423 0.8423 0.8197 Wi 0.2667 0.2333 0.2333 0.2667 ξi 0.14 0.51 0.07 0.28 λi 0.15 0.48 0.07 0.30
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