合肥下蜀土地球化学特征及其古气候意义

路硕; 尹功明; 宋为娟; 方良好; 疏鹏; 郑颖平

doi:10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.03.040

合肥下蜀土地球化学特征及其古气候意义

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.03.040

1.
安徽省地震局, 安徽合肥 230000
2.
中国地震局地质研究所, 北京 100029
3.
北京市丰台区卢沟桥中学, 北京 100165

基金项目: 安徽省合肥市政府项目"地震活断层探测及地震危险性分析"

详细信息

作者简介:
路硕(1988-), 女, 助理工程师, 硕士, 主要从事活动构造及沉积学方面研究。E-mail:15055141305@163.com

中图分类号: P334.63;P595
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-06-07
- 修回日期: 2019-01-17
- 刊出日期: 2019-06-28

GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PALEOCLIMATE IMPLICATIONS OF HEFEI XIASHU LOESS

1.
Anhui Earthquake Agency, Hefei 230000, Anhui, China
2.
Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administrtion, Beijing 100029, China
3.
Beijing Fengtailugouqiao Middle School, Beijing 100165, China

摘要

摘要: 合肥地处长江中下游北岸，下蜀黄土广泛分布，通过对合肥地区BK2钻孔剖面岩性、氧化物含量及其地球化学风化参数的分析，研究合肥地区风成沉积物地球化学元素特征及其气候变化规律。结果表明：野外钻孔岩芯剖面显示地层较好连续性，结合年龄数据划分了该孔的第四纪沉积框架，Qh底界为1.20 m，Qp³底界为5 m，5~35.10 m属Qp²中晚期地层；合肥下蜀土主要化学成分（SiO₂+Al₂O₃+Fe₂O₃）的平均含量之和达88.99%，这种显著的富硅铝铁现象表明了该区气候较为湿润；化学风化程度较强，下蜀土的CIA平均值及其脱Ca、Na、K的程度均大于洛川黄土，说明其堆积期古气候比同期堆积的洛川气候温湿，较宣城干凉，与南京、镇江气候较为接近；近0.5 Ma以来总体经历由湿热-干冷的变化，大致可分为35~14.50 m、14.50~4.50 m、4.50~1.20 m和1.20~0 m四个阶段，气候变化由温暖湿润-温暖偏干-冷凉偏干-温暖湿润，显示了区内更新世中晚期以来的气候变迁具有全球一致性特征。
- 合肥 /
- 下蜀黄土 /
- 地球化学 /
- 化学风化参数 /
- 古气候
Abstract: Hefei is located in the north bank of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river and Xiashu loess is widely distributed. Through the analysis of lithology, oxide content and geochemical weathering parameters of BK2 borehole section in Hefei area, the geochemical characteristics and climate change rules of the eolian sediments in Hefei area are studied. The core section of the field borehole shows good continuity of the strata, and the quaternary sedimentary framework of the hole is divided according to the age data. The bottom boundary of Qh is 1.20 m, the bottom boundary of Qp³ is 5 m, and the depths range from 5 m to 35.10 m belong to middle and late Qp². The values of SiO₂ and TiO₂ in Hefei loess gradually decrease with depth, whereas those of K₂O, Na₂O, CaO, MgO gradually increase and those of Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, P₂O₅, MnO show no obvious increase. The average content of the main chemical constituents (SiO₂+Al₂O₃+Fe₂O₃) of Xiashu loess in Hefei is up to 88.99%, which indicates that the climate in this area is relatively humid. The degree of chemical weathering is relatively strong. Weathering index and residual coefficiency decline gradually from bottom to up while Bavalue and de-alkali increase from bottom to up, which demonstrate the weathering intensity decreases from bottom to up. These imply that the wetness degree decreased gradually during the sedimentation of Xiashu Formation; The average CIA value of Xiashu loess and the degree of removing Ca, Na and K of Xiashu loess are all higher than that of Luochuan loess, indicating that the paleoclimate of Xiashu loess was warmer and wetter than that of Luochuan at accumulational stage, drier and cooler than that of Xuancheng, and closer to that of Nanjing and Zhenjiang. Geochemical feature of sedimentary records from borehole section in Hefei shows that since 0.5Ma, it has experienced the change from wet heat to dry cold, which can be roughly divided into four stages:35 m to 14.50 m, 14.50 m to 4.50 m, 4.50 m to 1.20 m, and 1.20 m to 0 m. The climate has changed from warm wet-warm dry-cold dry-warm wet, indicating that the climate change in the region has a global consistency since the middle-late Pleistocene, which matches with MIS curve.
- Hefei /
- Xiashu loess /
- geochemistry /
- chemical weathering parameters /
- paleoclimate
注释:

责任编辑:吴芳

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图 1 BK2钻孔位置图

Figure 1. Location of the borehole BK2

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图 2 BK2钻孔柱状图

Figure 2. Histogram of the borehole BK2

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图 3 BK2钻孔剖面氧化物含量变化曲线

Figure 3. Varition curves of oxide content with depth in the borehole BK2 section

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图 4 合肥下蜀土A-CN-K化学风化趋势图

Figure 4. A-CN-K ternary diagram of the Xiashu loess in Hefei

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图 5 合肥下蜀土部分氧化物比值及风化参数随深度变化曲线

Figure 5. Variation curves of major oxide ratios and weathering parameters with depth of Hefei Xiashu loess

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图 6 CIA风化曲线与深海氧同位素曲线对比

Figure 6. Comparison of CIA weathering curves with deep sea oxygen isotope curves

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表 1 BK2钻孔剖面地层年代简表

Table 1. Dating of the borehole BK2 section

野外编号	剖面深度/m	测试方法	年龄/ka
BK2C 0.54	0.54	¹⁴C	2.708±0.059
BK2C 1.10	1.10	¹⁴C	9.414±0.046
BK2C1.50	1.50	ESR	26.89±1.17
BK2C2.00	2.00	ESR	32.65±1.49
BK25C3.80	3.80	ESR	58.68±2.87
BK2C4.40	4.40	ESR	60.81±2.90
BK2C5.60	5.60	ESR	195.23±12.08
BK2C6.20	6.20	ESR	213.42±9.92
BK2C8.20	8.20	ESR	264.45±13.14
BK2C8.60	8.60	ESR	312.84±14.12
BK2C9.50	9.50	ESR	307.23±14.61
BK2C11.60	11.60	ESR	352.48±34.64
BK2C19.20	19.20	ESR	447.27±21.70
BK2C20.10	20.10	ESR	455.27±21.02
BK2C24.50	24.50	ESR	466.12±24.37
BK2C28.20	28.20	ESR	459.28±22.05
BK2C30.00	30.00	ESR	445.35±20.83
BK2C33.40	33.40	ESR	486.62±26.83
BK2C34.60	34.60	ESR	484.37±23.81

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表 2 BK2钻孔剖面样品氧化物含量

Table 2. Oxide content in samples from the borehole BK2 section

样品深度/m	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	K₂O	Na₂O	MgO	TiO₂	CaO	P₂O₅	MnO	CIA
0.60	72.33	13.63	3.66	2.44	1.59	1.24	1.12	0.49	0.08	0.02	75.10
1.75	67.51	14.27	5.05	2.74	1.52	1.45	1.11	0.65	0.13	0.04	74.40
2.55	69.11	14.12	4.38	2.68	1.45	1.33	1.16	0.63	0.09	0.04	74.79
3.35	71.04	13.42	3.85	2.51	1.80	1.36	1.18	0.66	0.15	0.03	72.97
4.15	70.44	12.87	5.21	2.25	1.20	0.82	1.21	0.46	0.12	0.02	76.70
4.85	65.10	16.43	5.61	2.93	1.26	1.70	1.11	0.58	0.11	0.03	77.50
5.75	67.60	15.05	4.67	2.93	1.36	1.62	1.21	0.62	0.11	0.10	75.40
6.55	73.52	12.64	4.25	2.34	1.37	0.93	1.28	0.43	0.22	0.03	75.33
7.35	65.99	15.86	5.52	2.77	1.19	1.53	1.22	0.56	0.14	0.14	77.82
8.15	68.14	14.71	5.16	2.74	1.43	1.56	1.20	0.57	0.11	0.06	75.63
8.95	67.42	15.28	5.27	2.69	1.19	1.45	1.19	0.48	0.13	0.13	77.80
9.75	69.67	13.70	5.36	2.30	1.18	1.16	1.20	0.43	0.15	0.04	77.80
10.55	65.26	17.02	5.17	2.76	1.13	1.15	1.33	0.22	0.20	0.02	80.55
11.35	65.40	15.54	6.00	2.86	1.40	1.38	1.19	0.27	0.23	0.19	77.43
12.15	75.62	10.91	5.31	1.75	0.96	0.75	1.40	0.20	0.26	0.02	78.94
12.95	68.78	14.93	4.97	2.59	1.09	1.09	1.27	0.25	0.14	0.02	79.16
13.75	73.39	13.42	4.04	2.14	0.80	0.84	1.35	0.26	0.13	0.02	80.75
14.55	68.90	15.48	4.60	2.21	0.88	0.91	1.24	0.31	0.15	0.06	81.99
15.35	63.34	17.66	6.07	3.27	1.52	1.57	1.14	0.16	0.26	0.05	78.11
16.15	65.62	15.06	5.32	3.02	1.50	1.37	1.25	0.26	0.26	0.11	75.91
17.10	74.10	13.16	3.48	2.41	1.15	0.80	1.44	0.22	0.16	0.04	77.69
18.00	71.25	13.55	3.93	2.44	1.15	0.78	1.41	0.22	0.17	0.06	78.05
18.70	72.40	13.67	4.11	2.26	1.24	0.88	1.39	0.25	0.16	0.03	78.47
19.60	68.84	14.29	4.38	2.93	1.42	1.24	1.28	0.29	0.19	0.06	75.49
20.35	72.33	13.02	4.29	2.54	0.86	0.91	1.23	0.44	0.10	0.16	77.22
21.25	69.61	14.41	4.57	2.62	0.60	0.91	1.29	0.37	0.12	0.12	80.06
22.05	78.55	10.19	2.58	1.90	0.59	0.59	1.50	0.34	0.07	0.07	78.26
22.85	75.32	11.43	4.08	1.69	0.46	0.68	1.42	0.37	0.11	0.12	81.94
23.65	77.34	11.07	2.99	1.58	0.33	0.62	1.52	0.34	0.09	0.03	83.11
24.45	62.89	17.43	5.72	2.51	0.50	1.19	1.17	0.49	0.13	0.04	83.28
25.25	72.37	13.01	3.86	2.58	0.74	0.88	1.36	0.40	0.10	0.07	77.76
26.05	72.30	13.35	3.94	2.47	0.63	1.04	1.29	0.37	0.11	0.02	79.37
26.85	77.04	10.57	3.40	1.64	0.44	0.72	1.63	0.33	0.12	0.02	81.43
27.65	78.73	9.82	3.39	1.09	0.44	0.55	1.63	0.34	0.12	0.02	84.00
28.35	70.74	12.87	4.79	1.82	0.55	0.82	1.37	0.40	0.14	0.09	82.29
29.05	73.83	11.57	3.83	1.80	0.82	0.82	1.37	0.45	0.12	0.02	79.03
29.85	77.78	10.53	2.87	1.87	0.70	0.75	1.50	0.39	0.08	0.02	78.06
30.65	77.88	10.04	3.30	1.13	0.58	0.57	1.46	0.39	0.09	0.05	82.70
31.45	69.54	13.92	4.38	2.09	1.11	1.08	1.25	0.40	0.11	0.04	79.45
32.25	67.54	15.08	4.76	2.25	0.99	1.21	1.14	0.60	0.09	0.31	79.70
33.05	74.08	11.99	3.84	1.64	0.84	0.77	1.40	0.53	0.12	0.20	79.93
33.85	75.00	11.03	4.01	1.22	0.55	0.65	1.59	0.39	0.13	0.27	83.62
注：氧化物含量%(除CIA)

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表 3 合肥BK2剖面氧化物平均含量与其他风成沉积物的比较

Table 3. The average oxide content of the borehole BK2 section in comparison with that of other meolian dust deposits

地点	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	K₂O	Na₂O	MgO	TiO₂	CaO	P₂O₅	MnO	CIA
洛川黄土	66.40	14.20	4.81	3.01	1.66	2.29	0.73	1.02	0.15	0.07	63.73
合肥下蜀土	71.04	13.52	4.43	2.29	1.01	1.04	1.31	0.40	0.14	0.07	78.48
南京下蜀土	63.61	15.40	5.67	2.23	0.97	1.44	0.82	0.87	0.28	0.13	73.70
镇江下蜀黄土	68.07	13.32	5.30	2.35	0.92	1.61	0.81	1.00	0.18	0.09	70.45
宣城下蜀土	69.08	13.71	6.24	1.36	0.14	0.54	1.01	0.11	0.06	0.04	89.49
注：单位%(除CIA)

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