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充填天然裂缝对页岩受载过程中渗透率变化规律影响机理分析

尚春江 康永尚 邓泽 赵群 王红岩 刘洪林

尚春江, 康永尚, 邓泽, 等, 2019. 充填天然裂缝对页岩受载过程中渗透率变化规律影响机理分析. 地质力学学报, 25 (3): 382-391. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.03.035
引用本文: 尚春江, 康永尚, 邓泽, 等, 2019. 充填天然裂缝对页岩受载过程中渗透率变化规律影响机理分析. 地质力学学报, 25 (3): 382-391. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.03.035
SHANG Chunjiang, KANG Yongshang, DENG Ze, et al., 2019. THE INFLUENCE MECHANISM OF FILLED NATURAL FRACTURES ON THE VARIATION LAW OF SHALE PERMEABILITY IN LOADING PROCESS. Journal of Geomechanics, 25 (3): 382-391. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.03.035
Citation: SHANG Chunjiang, KANG Yongshang, DENG Ze, et al., 2019. THE INFLUENCE MECHANISM OF FILLED NATURAL FRACTURES ON THE VARIATION LAW OF SHALE PERMEABILITY IN LOADING PROCESS. Journal of Geomechanics, 25 (3): 382-391. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.03.035

充填天然裂缝对页岩受载过程中渗透率变化规律影响机理分析

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.03.035
基金项目: 

国家科技重大专项 2017ZX05035-004-003

国家科技重大专项 2016ZX05041-001

详细信息
    作者简介:

    尚春江(1992-), 男, 在读硕士, 主要从事非常规油气勘探开发方面的研究。E-mail:893604800@qq.com

  • 中图分类号: TE312

THE INFLUENCE MECHANISM OF FILLED NATURAL FRACTURES ON THE VARIATION LAW OF SHALE PERMEABILITY IN LOADING PROCESS

  • 摘要: 页岩气开采需要对储层进行大规模人工水力压裂改造,为了研究压裂过程中页岩渗透率变化规律及其机理,文章通过对含充填天然裂缝和不含天然裂缝两块页岩岩样进行流-固耦合物理模拟实验,并结合样品的全岩X-射线衍射分析,获得以下认识:加卸载过程中,应力-应变曲线中应力小平台的出现可以指示样品中微裂缝的形成与闭合,是渗透率变化的内在机制;当岩样达到破裂条件形成显裂缝后,样品发生永久性变形,从而达到渗透率增大的效果;受载过程中,微裂缝易沿着天然裂缝脆弱面发育,并不断积累连通成裂缝网络,是形成两块岩样渗透率变化差异的机理。

     

  • 图  1  流-固耦合物理模拟实验流程图

    Figure  1.  Flow chart of fluid-solid coupling physical simulation experiments

    图  2  龙山1井井位和区域构造

    Figure  2.  Structure sketch and the location of Well Longshan 1

    图  3  龙山地区地层柱状图(据[23]修改)

    Figure  3.  The comprehensive stratigraphic column of the Longshan area(According to [23])

    图  4  流-固耦合物理模拟实验前后页岩岩样照片

    Figure  4.  Photos of shale core samples prepared for fluid-solid coupling physical simulation experiments

    图  5  岩样LS1-9-1(不含天然裂缝)流-固耦合实验曲线

    Figure  5.  Fluid-solid coupling experimental curves for shale sample LS1-9-1 (without natural fractures)

    图  6  岩样LS1-10-1(含天然裂缝)流-固耦合实验曲线

    Figure  6.  Fluid-solid coupling experimental curves for shale sample LS1-10-1 (with natural fractures)

    图  7  渗透率形成过程示意图

    Figure  7.  Diagrams of the formation process of permeability

    表  1  流-固耦合物理模拟实验页岩岩心描述

    Table  1.   Shale core sample descriptions for fluid-solid coupling physical simulation experiments

    岩样编号 取样深度/m 均深/m 层位 样品描述
    LS1-9-1 954.53~958.3 956.42 寒武系筇竹寺组黑色页岩段 灰黑色页岩,结构致密,不含天然裂缝
    LS1-10-1 954.53~958.3 956.42 寒武系筇竹寺组黑色页岩段 灰黑色页岩,结构致密,含天然裂缝(充填)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  页岩岩样流-固耦合实验数据表

    Table  2.   Experiment data of shale samples

    岩样 加—卸载情况 轴压/MPa 围压/MPa 时间/h 入口气压/MPa 出口气压/MPa 平均流量/(ml/s) 渗透率/mD
    岩样LS1-9-1(不含天然裂缝) 加载 8.00 5.00 0.95 1.12 0.10 0.00 0.000
    15.00 5.00 1.32 1.12 0.10 0.00 0.000
    25.00 5.00 1.71 1.12 0.10 0.00 0.000
    35.00 5.00 2.25 1.12 0.10 0.00 0.000
    45.00 5.00 2.60 1.12 0.10 0.00 0.000
    55.00 5.00 3.23 1.12 0.10 0.00 0.000
    65.00 5.00 3.96 1.12 0.10 0.00 0.000
    75.00 5.00 4.52 1.12 0.10 0.00 0.000
    85.00 5.00 5.26 1.12 0.10 0.00 0.000
    95.00 5.00 6.68 1.11 0.10 0.00 0.000
    105.00 5.00 7.30 1.11 0.10 0.00 0.000
    115.00 5.00 8.14 1.10 0.10 0.05 0.010
    125.00 5.00 8.65 1.09 0.10 0.12 0.027
    135.00 5.00 9.33 1.08 0.10 0.24 0.054
    145.00 5.00 10.07 1.15 0.10 0.41 0.083
    卸载 125.00 5.00 10.25 1.15 0.10 0.37 0.075
    105.00 5.00 10.51 1.15 0.10 0.36 0.074
    85.00 5.00 10.78 1.16 0.10 0.42 0.083
    加载 85.00 5.00 21.53 1.00 0.10 0.28 0.075
    95.00 5.00 21.91 1.00 0.10 0.28 0.073
    105.00 5.00 22.27 1.00 0.10 0.27 0.070
    115.00 5.00 22.64 1.00 0.10 0.27 0.072
    125.00 5.00 22.91 0.98 0.10 0.28 0.076
    135.00 5.00 23.26 1.01 0.10 0.32 0.082
    145.00 5.00 23.70 0.98 0.10 0.33 0.091
    卸载 135.00 5.00 24.63 0.98 0.10 0.32 0.088
    125.00 5.00 24.92 0.98 0.10 0.30 0.082
    115.00 5.00 25.25 0.96 0.10 0.28 0.080
    105.00 5.00 25.52 1.09 0.10 0.36 0.081
    95.00 5.00 25.80 1.07 0.10 0.32 0.075
    85.00 5.00 26.22 1.03 0.10 0.32 0.080
    75.00 5.00 26.61 1.02 0.10 0.32 0.080
    65.00 5.00 27.60 1.00 0.10 0.35 0.091
    55.00 5.00 27.43 1.00 0.10 0.36 0.095
    45.00 5.00 27.81 1.00 0.10 0.35 0.091
    35.00 5.00 28.17 1.00 0.10 0.31 0.081
    25.00 5.00 28.45 0.98 0.10 0.24 0.066
    15.00 5.00 28.60 0.98 0.10 0.20 0.055
    8.00 5.00 29.02 0.98 0.10 0.18 0.048
    岩样LS1-10-1(含天然裂缝,但裂缝被充填) 加载 8.00 5.00 0.12 1.02 0.10 0.00 0.000
    15.00 5.00 0.22 1.02 0.10 0.00 0.000
    25.00 5.00 0.34 1.02 0.10 0.00 0.000
    35.00 5.00 0.55 1.02 0.10 0.00 0.001
    45.00 5.00 0.70 1.01 0.10 0.00 0.001
    55.00 5.00 0.85 1.00 0.10 0.00 0.001
    65.00 5.00 0.94 1.00 0.10 0.00 0.001
    75.00 5.00 1.06 1.00 0.10 0.00 0.001
    85.00 5.00 1.27 0.98 0.10 0.01 0.003
    95.00 5.00 1.41 0.96 0.10 0.09 0.024
    105.00 5.00 1.56 0.94 0.10 0.22 0.064
    115.00 5.00 1.70 0.92 0.10 0.37 0.114
    卸载 105.00 5.00 1.94 1.00 0.10 0.47 0.123
    95.00 5.00 2.07 1.00 0.10 0.45 0.118
    85.00 5.00 2.18 1.00 0.10 0.48 0.125
    75.00 5.00 2.30 1.00 0.10 0.47 0.124
    65.00 5.00 2.40 1.00 0.10 0.45 0.118
    55.00 5.00 2.50 1.00 0.10 0.44 0.116
    45.00 5.00 2.61 1.00 0.10 0.40 0.105
    35.00 5.00 2.72 1.00 0.10 0.36 0.095
    25.00 5.00 2.82 1.00 0.10 0.30 0.079
    15.00 5.00 2.93 1.00 0.10 0.21 0.056
    8.00 5.00 3.04 1.00 0.10 0.13 0.034
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  页岩岩样力学参数和岩矿分析结果表

    Table  3.   Mechanical parameters and mineral compositions of tested shale samples

    样品编号 杨氏模量/GPa 泊松比 岩矿分析/%
    粘土 石英 斜长石 硅质矿物累计 方解石 硅质+方解石 黄铁矿
    LS1-9-1(不含天然裂缝) 10.72 0.16 3.3 5.2 4.2 9.4 85.6 95 1.7
    LS1-10-1(含天然裂缝) 14.35 0.13 4.3 5.1 2.4 7.5 87.2 94.7 1
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2018-06-11
  • 修回日期:  2018-08-29
  • 刊出日期:  2019-06-01

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