深层致密砂岩储层可压裂性评价新方法

曾治平; 刘震; 马骥; 张春磊; 李静; 刘振; 孙鲁宁

doi:10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.02.021

深层致密砂岩储层可压裂性评价新方法

doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2019.25.02.021

曾治平^1,,
刘震²,
马骥¹,
张春磊²,
李静^3, ,,
刘振³,
孙鲁宁³

1.
中国石化胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 山东东营 257015
2.
中国石油工程建设有限公司北京设计分公司, 北京 100085
3.
中国石油大学(华东)地质力学与工程研究所, 山东青岛 266580

基金项目:

国家科技重大专项 2016ZX05002-002

国家自然科学基金 41272141

详细信息

作者简介:
曾治平(1977-), 男, 高级工程师, 博士, 从事石油地质与油气成藏研究。E-mail: zengzhipingupc@163.com

通讯作者:
李静(1967-), 女, 博士, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事岩石力学与地质力学方面的教学与研究工作。E-mail: lijing0681@163.com

中图分类号: TE349
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-09-14
- 修回日期: 2018-12-15
- 刊出日期: 2019-04-28

A NEW METHOD FOR FRACRABILITY EVALUATION IN DEEP AND TIGHT SANDSTONE RESERVOIRS

1.
Research Institute of Exploration and Development of Shengli Oilfield, Sinopec, Dongying 257015, Shandong, China
2.
China Petroleum Engineering & Construction Corp. Beijing Company, Beijing 100085, China
3.
Institute of Geological Mechanics and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China

摘要

摘要: 岩石可压性评价是储层压裂改造层位优选、压后产能评估的重要基础工作。准中4区块致密砂岩储层埋藏深、物性差，亟需通过压裂改造提高工业产能。因此，以董2井北三维区侏罗系致密砂岩为例，基于岩石三轴实验建立了致密砂岩断裂能密度—弹性模量的拟合公式，采用矿物成分法和弹模-泊松比法确定了研究区不同深度岩石脆性指数，采用岩石破裂准则确定了研究区不同深度的裂缝发育指数。以断裂能密度表征致密砂岩断裂韧性，以裂缝发育指数表征储层天然裂缝发育程度，综合考虑岩石脆性、断裂韧性、地应力环境和天然裂缝发育程度的影响，采用层次分析法计算了各因素权重，建立了适合深层致密砂岩的可压性评价方法。研究结果表明，可压裂性指数大于0.55时，可压性好；可压裂性指数介于0.50~0.55之间时，可压性一般；可压裂性指数小于0.50时，可压性差；研究区D7井的最佳压裂层位为4145~4160 m、4470~4480 m、5290~5330 m，D8井的最佳压裂层位为5120~5330 m、5350~5365 m，D701井的最佳压裂层位为3900~3910 m、4430~4440 m、4455~4465 m、5125~5135 m。
- 致密砂岩 /
- 可压裂性 /
- 可压裂性指数 /
- 岩石脆性 /
- 断裂韧性 /
- 天然裂缝
Abstract: Fracrability evaluation is the basis for the optimization of fracturing level and the evaluation of productivity after fracturing. The tight sandstone reservoirs in block 4 in central Junggar Basin are buried deep and poor in physical property, and it is urgent to improve the industrial productivity by fracturing. Therefore, the fracture property of the Jurassic tight sandstone of Dong 2 well north area is studied as an example. Based on the experimental data of the rock triaxial test, the fitting formula of fracture energy density and elastic modulus of tight sandstone is established. Brittleness index of rocks at different depths in the study area is determined by mineral composition method and elastic modulus-Poisson ratio method.The fracture development index of different depths in the study area is determined by the criterion of rock fracture. Fracture energy density is used to characterize the fracture toughness of tight sandstone, and the fracture development index is used to characterize the development degree of natural fractures. Considering the influence of rock brittleness, fracture toughness, in-situ stress and development degree of natural fractures, the weight of each parameter is calculated by analytic hierarchy process, and a new quantitative fracrability evaluation of deep and tight sandstone reservoirs is established. The results show that when the fracrability index is greater than 0.55, the reservoir can be fractured well, when the fracrability index is between 0.50~0.55, the fractured reservoir is moderate, and when the fracrability index is less than 0.50, the fractured reservoir is poor. In the study area, the optimal fracturing horizons of Well D7 are 4145~4160 m, 4470~4480 m, 5290~5330 m, Well D8 are 5120~5330 m, 5350~5365 m, and Well D701 are 3900~3910 m, 4430~4440 m, 4455~4465 m, 5125~5135 m.
- tight sandstone /
- fracrability /
- fracrability index /
- rock brittleness /
- fracture toughness /
- natural fractures
注释:

责任编辑：范二平

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图 1 研究区矿物成分含量图

Figure 1. The composition of rock samples in the study area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 研究区侏罗系成分含量图

①-石英砂岩;②-次长石砂岩;③-次岩屑砂岩;④-长石砂岩;⑤-岩屑长石砂岩;⑥-长石岩屑砂岩;⑦-岩屑砂岩

Figure 2. The composition of rock samples in the Jurassic reservoir in the study area

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图 3 弹模—泊松比法表征研究区脆性指数

Figure 3. Using elastic modulus Poisson's ratio method to characterize the brittleness index of the study area

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图 4 不同围压下致密砂岩应力—应变全曲线

Figure 4. Stress-strain curves of tight sandstone under different confining pressures

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图 5 静态弹性模量与断裂能密度拟合曲线

Figure 5. Fitting curves of static modulus of elasticity and fracture energy density

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 深层致密砂岩储层可压性层次结构模型

Figure 6. The hierarchical structure model of the deep tight sandstone reservoir fracability

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图 7 研究区可压裂性指数

Figure 7. Fracrability index of the study area

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图 8 研究区D7井储层可压性综合评价

Figure 8. Comprehensive evaluation of reservoir fracrability in Well D7 in the study area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 研究区D8井储层可压性综合评价

Figure 9. Comprehensive evaluation of reservoir fracrability in Well D8 in the study area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 研究区D701井储层可压性综合评价

Figure 10. Comprehensive evaluation of reservoir fracrability in Well D701 in the study area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 研究区D8井原始微震点图

Figure 11. The original microseismic points of the Well D8 in the study area

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表 1 研究区致密砂岩弹性模量及断裂能密度表

Table 1. Elastic modulus and fracture energy density table for tight sandstone in the study area

井号	编号	围压/ MPa	峰值强度/ MPa	残余应力/ MPa	弹性模量/ GPa	断裂能密度/ (N·mm·mm^-3)
D7	1	0	54.5	6.5	9.55	23.35
	2	10	106.7	61.8	12.16	51.94
	3	30	191.5	134.2	19.09	133.99
	4	40	206.4	162.4	19.19	151.86
D8	5	0	49.9	15.8	8.87	41.75
	6	10	140.7	67.4	16.40	121.78
	7	30	237.3	186.9	22.46	175.04
	8	20	188.9	97.3	19.50	158.31
D701	9	0	24.4	4.7	4.28	21.06
	10	0	22.4	4.8	4.27	19.26
	11	20	136.0	80.3	15.64	107.52
	12	40	186.3	161.1	17.74	142.94

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 判断矩阵标度

Table 2. Judgement matrix scale

标度	含义
1	表示两影响因素i和j相比，重要性相同
3	表示两影响因素i和j相比，一个比另一个稍微重要
5	表示两影响因素i和j相比，一个比另一个重要
7	表示两影响因素i和j相比，一个比另一个明显重要
9	表示两影响因素i和j相比，一个比另一个极其重要
2、4、6、8	上述两相邻判断中间值
注：影响因素i和j比较判断值为A_ij，则j和i比较判断值为1/A_ij

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 可压裂性指标判断矩阵

Table 3. Judgment matrix for fracrability index

A	脆性指数	断裂能密度	水平应力差异系数	裂缝发育指数
脆性指数	1	2	2	3
断裂能密度	1/2	1	1	2
水平应力差异系数	1/2	1	1	2
裂缝发育指数	1/3	1/2	1/2	1

下载: 导出CSV

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