A SMALL-SCALE MODEL OF SOFT MATERIALS USED FOR STUDYING THE UNDERGROUND MINING INDUCED DDISCONTINUITY PLANE DEFORMATION
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摘要: 为了研究地下开采引起围岩变形和断层活化现象，文章采用一种软材料的小模型进行地下开采间断面变形的模拟。模型中通过模拟一个矩形地下采区上方围岩的变形来研究一个水平间断面发生活化后的弯曲现象。模拟结果表明，间断面上的剪切位移分布具有"双峰"的特征或规律。这种分布特征或规律，得到了数值模拟结果的验证。同时，也证明了该方法的有效性。该方法最大的优点是，可以用小尺寸模型有效模拟在自重体积力作用下开挖引起的围岩变形现象，具有实验装置简单、实验用时短、操作方便、实验成本低等诸多优点，是一种值得推广的物理模拟方法。Abstract: In order to study surrounding rock deformation and fault activation caused by underground mining, a small-scale model of soft materials is adopted to simulate the s discontinuity plane deformation induced by underground mining. The bending of a horizontal discontinuity plane after activation is studied through the model by simulating the deformation of the surrounding rock at the top of a rectangular underground mining area. The simulation results show that the shear displacement distribution on the discontinuity plane has the feature of bimodal curve, which is verified by numerical simulation. At the same time, the validity of this method is proved. The biggest advantage of this method is that the small-scale model can effectively simulate the deformation of surrounding rock caused by underground mining under the action of self-weight stress, with simple experimental equipment, short time, convenient operation and low cost. It is a physical simulation method worth popularizing.
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Key words:
- small-scale model /
- structural plane /
- bimodal curve /
- self-weight stress /
- underground mining /
- deformation simulation
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图 2 开挖后模型间断面旁侧各点水平位移分布
Figure 2. Horizontal displacements distribution of each pointon the side of the dsicontinuity plane after excavation
图 3 开挖后模型间断面旁侧各点竖直位移分布
Figure 3. Vertical displacements distribution of each point on the side of the discontinuity plane after excavation
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