A SMALL-SCALE MODEL OF SOFT MATERIALS USED FOR STUDYING THE UNDERGROUND MINING INDUCED DDISCONTINUITY PLANE DEFORMATION
-
摘要: 为了研究地下开采引起围岩变形和断层活化现象，文章采用一种软材料的小模型进行地下开采间断面变形的模拟。模型中通过模拟一个矩形地下采区上方围岩的变形来研究一个水平间断面发生活化后的弯曲现象。模拟结果表明，间断面上的剪切位移分布具有"双峰"的特征或规律。这种分布特征或规律，得到了数值模拟结果的验证。同时，也证明了该方法的有效性。该方法最大的优点是，可以用小尺寸模型有效模拟在自重体积力作用下开挖引起的围岩变形现象，具有实验装置简单、实验用时短、操作方便、实验成本低等诸多优点，是一种值得推广的物理模拟方法。Abstract: In order to study surrounding rock deformation and fault activation caused by underground mining, a small-scale model of soft materials is adopted to simulate the s discontinuity plane deformation induced by underground mining. The bending of a horizontal discontinuity plane after activation is studied through the model by simulating the deformation of the surrounding rock at the top of a rectangular underground mining area. The simulation results show that the shear displacement distribution on the discontinuity plane has the feature of bimodal curve, which is verified by numerical simulation. At the same time, the validity of this method is proved. The biggest advantage of this method is that the small-scale model can effectively simulate the deformation of surrounding rock caused by underground mining under the action of self-weight stress, with simple experimental equipment, short time, convenient operation and low cost. It is a physical simulation method worth popularizing.
-
Key words:
- small-scale model /
- structural plane /
- bimodal curve /
- self-weight stress /
- underground mining /
- deformation simulation
-
图 2 开挖后模型间断面旁侧各点水平位移分布
Figure 2. Horizontal displacements distribution of each pointon the side of the dsicontinuity plane after excavation
图 3 开挖后模型间断面旁侧各点竖直位移分布
Figure 3. Vertical displacements distribution of each point on the side of the discontinuity plane after excavation
-
[1] 马凤山, 袁任茂, 邓青海, 等.金川矿山地表岩移GPS监测及岩体采动影响规律[J].工程地质学报, 2007, 15(S2):84~97. http://cpfd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CPFDTOTAL-GCDZ200801001018.htmMA Fengshan, YUAN Renmao, DENG Qinghai, et al. GPS monitoring of ground movement and mechanism of underground mining influence in Jinchuan mine[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2007, 15(S2):84~97. (in Chinese) http://cpfd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CPFDTOTAL-GCDZ200801001018.htm [2] 赵海军, 马凤山, 李国庆, 等.充填法开采引起地表移动、变形和破坏的过程分析与机理研究[J].岩土工程学报, 2008, 30(5):670~676. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4548.2008.05.009ZHAO Haijun, MA Fengshan, LI Guoqing, et al. Analysis and mechanism of ground movement, deformation and fracture induced by underground backfill mining[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2008, 30(5):670~676. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4548.2008.05.009 [3] 徐嘉谟.金川矿山边坡岩体工程地质力学[M].北京:地震出版社, 1998.XU Jiamo. Engineering geomechanics of slope rock mass in Jinchuan Mine[M]. Beijing:Seismic Press, 1998. (in Chinese) [4] Usanov S V, Mel'nik V V, Zamyatin A L. Monitoring rock mass transformation under induced movements[J]. Journal of Mining Science, 2013, 49(6):913~918. doi: 10.1134/S1062739149060105 [5] Palchik V. Localization of mining-induced horizontal fractures along rock layer interfaces in overburden:field measurements and prediction[J]. Environmental Geology, 2005, 48(1):68~80. doi: 10.1007/s00254-005-1261-y [6] 李文秀, 郑小平, 王京.软岩地层地下铁矿开采岩体移动影响范围及变化趋势分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2009, 28(S):3673~3678. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/yslxygcxb2009z2054Li W X, Zheng X P, Wang J. Analysis of influenced regions and change trend for rock mass displacement due to mining of iron ore in soft rock strata[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2009, 28(S):3673~3678. (in Chinese) http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/yslxygcxb2009z2054 [7] 梅松华, 盛谦, 李文秀.地表及岩体移动研究进展[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2004, 23(S1):4535~4539. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/yslxygcxb2004z1058MEI Songhua, SHENG Qian, LI Wenxiu. Research advances in surface and rock-mass movement[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2004, 23(S1):4535~4539. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/yslxygcxb2004z1058 [8] 李文秀, 郑小平, 王晶.软岩地层地下铁矿开采岩体移动影响范围及变化趋势分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2009, 28(S2):3673~3678. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/yslxygcxb2009z2054LI Wenxiu, ZHENG Xiaoping, WANG Jing. Analysis of influenced regions and change trend for rock mass displacement due to mining of iron ore in soft rock strata[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2009, 28(S2):3673~3678. (in Chinese with English abstract) http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/yslxygcxb2009z2054 [9] Zhao H J, Ma F S, Xu J M, et al. Experimental investigations of fault reactivation induced by slope excavations in China[J]. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 2014, 73(3):891~901. doi: 10.1007/s10064-013-0569-1 [10] Karmis M, Triplett T, Haycocks C, et al. Mining subsidence and its prediction in an Appalachian coalfield Rock mechanics: theory, experiment, practice[A]. Proceedings of the 24th US symposium rock mechanics[C]. Balkema, Rotterdam: Texas A&M University., 1983, 22: 665~675. [11] Li Y B. Study on the integrated pillarless coal production and methane extraction technology[J]. Advanced Materials Research, 1792, 524~527:735~738. http://www.scientific.net/AMR.524-527.735 [12] Unver B, Yasitli N E. Modelling of strata movement with a special reference to caving mechanism in thick seam coal mining[J]. International Journal of Coal Geology, 2005, 66(4):227~252. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=JJ027508336 [13] 徐嘉谟, 李晓, 韩贝传.露天开挖引起的断层陡坎及其尺寸研究[J].工程地质学报, 2007, 15(S2):38~44. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=HY000002772809XU Jiamo, LI Xiao, HAN Beichuan, A study of fault step from open excavation and its size[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2007, 15(S2):38~44. (in Chinese) http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=HY000002772809 [14] Palchik V. Influence of physical characteristics of weak rock mass on height of caved zone over abandoned subsurface coal mines[J]. Environmental Geology, 2002, 42(1):92~101. doi: 10.1007/s00254-002-0542-y [15] Liu J K, Dong C, Zhang S Q, et al. Research on the rules of overlying rock movement by similar material simulation in fully mechanized top coal caving mining with high cutting height[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2014, 522~524:1419~1425. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.522-524 -
下载:
点击查看大图
图(7)
计量
- 文章访问数: 126
- HTML全文浏览量: 76
- PDF下载量: 6
- 被引次数: 0
