成渝经济区南部城市群孕灾条件与地质灾害发育特征

王东辉; 陈绪钰; 朱德明; 田凯

成渝经济区南部城市群孕灾条件与地质灾害发育特征

1.
中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心, 成都 610081
2.
西藏地质二队, 拉萨 850000

基金项目:

中国地质调查局地质调查项目 12120113004300

中国地质调查局地质调查项目 121201010000150015

详细信息

作者简介:
王东辉(1982-), 男, 高级工程师, 主要从事地质灾害及城市环境地质方面的调查研究。E-mail:16216813@qq.com

中图分类号: P642.2;P694
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-04-17
- 刊出日期: 2016-09-01

FORMATION CONDITIONS AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF GEO-HAZARDS IN SOUTHERN URBAN AGGLOMERATION OF CHENGDU-CHONGQING ECONOMIC ZONE

1.
Chengdu Center, China Geological Survey, Chengdu 610081, China
2.
No. 2 Geological Party of Tibet, Lhasa 850000, China

摘要

摘要: 通过资料分析与实地调查相结合，对成渝经济区南部城市群孕灾条件和地质灾害空间分布特征进行了区域对比分析。研究结果表明，城市群由南而北、自西向东在地形地貌、地质构造、地层岩性等孕灾地质背景及降雨、地震活动、人类工程活动等诱发因素方面均有明显不同，进而导致地质灾害空间分布及发育特征的差异。西部中高山峡谷区地层岩性及地质构造极为复杂，地形起伏大，活动断裂发育且地震活动较为频繁，地质灾害具有规模大、泥石流相对发育、沿构造线和河流线状分布的特点；南部低中山及岩溶发育区地形起伏较大，地质构造及岩性较复杂，碳酸盐岩极为发育，采矿活动强烈，以地面塌陷相对发育为主要特点；北部红层丘陵区地质构造及岩性简单，地形起伏小，人类工程活动强烈，地质灾害类型单一、数量多、规模小，分布上具有面上松散分布、局部相对集中的特点。
- 地质灾害 /
- 孕灾条件 /
- 发育分布 /
- 南部城市群 /
- 成渝经济区
Abstract: Based on the data analysis and field investigation, the spatial distribution characteristics of geological hazards in the south urban agglomeration of Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Zone are compared and analyzed. Study result shows that both of the formation conditions (topography, geological structure, lithology) and triggering condition (rainfall, seismic activity, human engineering activities) vary significantly from south to north, from west to East, leading to great difference of spatial distribution and characteristics of geological hazards. In the west part, the formation factors such as lithology and geological structure are very complex, the topography undulates greatly, and the seismic activity is frequent. As a result, the geological hazards take on the characteristics of larger magnitude, more debris flows, and linear distribution along the river and tectonic. In the south part, due to the wide distribution of carbonate rocks and intense mining activity, ground collapse becomes the main type of geological hazard. As far as the north part is concerned, the geological and lithology are simple and the terrain is flat, but the human engineering activities are the most intense of the urban agglomeration of south Sichuan Province, simpler type, larger quantity, smaller scale, wide distribution compose the main features of the geological hazards in this part.
- geological hazards /
- geo-hazard formation condition /
- geo-hazard distribution /
- southern urban agglomeration /
- Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Zone

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图 1 成渝经济区南部城市群地质灾害空间分布

Figure 1. Distribution of geo-hazards in the southern urban agglomeration of Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Zone

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图 2 峨边县勒乌热罗滑坡影像

Figure 2. Image of Lewureluo landslide

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图 3 峨边县勒乌热罗滑坡剖面示意图

1-碎块石土; 2-粉砂岩; 3-粉砂质泥岩; 4-第四系崩坡积; 5-侏罗系新村组; 6-滑面

Figure 3. Geological section of Lewureluo landslide

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图 4 西部中高山峡谷区不同地层时代滑坡崩塌发育数量

Figure 4. Distribution of landslides and rock-falls in different stratigraphic ages in western middle-high mountain and valley areas

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图 5 西部中高山峡谷区滑坡与地形坡度

Figure 5. Landslide vs. slope in the western valley areas

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图 6 西部中高山峡谷区崩塌与地形坡度

Figure 6. Rock-fall vs. slope in the western valley areas

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图 7 南部低中山及岩溶发育区不同地层滑坡崩塌发育数量

Figure 7. Distribution of landslides and rock-falls

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图 8 芙蓉山崩塌碎屑流素描图(据李云贵等^[12]，2004)

Figure 8. Sketch of Furongshan rock-fall and debris flow

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图 9 北部红层丘陵区不同地层中大型滑坡崩塌发育数量

Figure 9. Distribution of medium-large landslides and rock-falls in different strata in the northern area

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图 10 高岩滑坡剖面图

1-碎石土; 2-长石石英砂岩; 3-泥岩; 4-粉砂岩; 5-第四系崩坡积; 6-白垩系窝头山组; 7-侏罗系蓬莱镇组上段; 8-滑面

Figure 10. Geological section of Gaoyan landslide

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图 11 高岩滑坡变形迹象

Figure 11. Deformation characteristic of Gaoyan landslide

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表 1 南部城市群地质灾害类型与规模统计表

Table 1. Type and magnitude of geological hazards

规模	滑坡	崩塌	泥石流	不稳定斜坡	地面塌陷	合计
特大型	6	0	0	0	0	6
大型	99	35	2	26	10	172
中型	395	153	2	99	12	661
小型	1738	992	32	296	114	3172
合计	2238	1180	36	421	136	4011

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表 2 西部中高山峡谷区地质灾害发育特征

Table 2. Characteristics of geo-hazards in western middle and high mountain canyon area

规模	滑坡	崩塌	不稳定斜坡	地面塌陷	泥石流	小计(处)/密度(处/100 km²)
特大型	6	0	0	0	0	6/0.08
大型	41	6	12	3	2	64/0.84
中型	130	17	16	6	2	171/2.25
小型	254	43	12	3	23	335/4.41
小计(处)/密度(处/100 km²)	431/5.67	66/0.87	40/0.53	12/0.16	27/0.36	576/7.58

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表 3 南部低中山及岩溶发育区地质灾害发育特征

Table 3. Characteristics of geo-hazards in southern karst development area

规模	滑坡	崩塌	不稳定斜坡	地面塌陷	泥石流	小计(处)/密度(处/100 km²)
特大型						0
大型	18	1	10	7	0	36/0.34
中型	41	10	37	5	0	93/0.88
小型	355	130	43	84	8	620/5.87
小计(处)/密度(处/100 km²)	414/3.92	141/1.34	90/0.85	96/0.91	8/0.08	749/7.09

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表 4 北部红层丘陵区地质灾害发育特征

Table 4. Characteristics of geohazards in northern red layer and hilly areas

规模	滑坡	崩塌	不稳定斜坡	地面塌陷	泥石流	小计(处)/密度(处/100 km²)
特大型
大型	40	28	4			72/0.28
中型	224	126	46	1		397/1.56
小型	1129	819	241	27	1	2217/8.69
小计(处)/密度(处/100 km²)	1393/5.46	973/3.82	291/1.14	28/0.11	1/0.004	2686/10.53

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