陕北斜坡上古生界山<sub>2</sub>-盒<sub>8</sub>段沉积-成岩与储层孔隙特征

王奕萱; 张晓东; 孙勇; 安星宇

陕北斜坡上古生界山₂-盒₈段沉积-成岩与储层孔隙特征

1.
中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083
2.
中国河南国际合作集团有限公司, 郑州 450004
3.
中国冶金地质总局山东局蒙古正元有限责任公司, 济南 250100

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金重点项目 90814007

详细信息

作者简介:
王奕萱(1991-), 女, 大学本科, 构造地质学专业。E-mail:dao1ruai2mi@126.com

中图分类号: P618.130.2
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2014-04-28
- 刊出日期: 2014-09-01

THE POROSITY CHARACTERISTICS OF SEDIMENTARY AND DIAGENETIC ENVIRONMENT FOR SHAN-2 MEMBER TO HE-8 MEMBER AT THE UPPER PALEOZOIC IN NORTHERN SHAANXI SLOPE

1.
School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
2.
China Henan International Cooperation Group Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou 450004, China
3.
Shandong Bureau of China Metallurgical Geology Bureau, Jinan 250100, China

摘要

摘要: 鄂尔多斯盆地陕北斜坡上古生界山₂段-盒₈段发育典型的低渗致密岩性气藏, 储层物性控制着区内气藏的富集, 在致密储层中孔隙发育特征与储层沉积环境及后期成岩作用密切相关。通过沉积物粒度分析、储层孔隙特征扫描电镜观察, 探讨了研究区储层在压实成岩作用后期孔隙的破坏作用, 建立了黏土矿物转化序列。研究结果显示, 研究区山₂-盒₈段砂岩储层在压实成岩作用后对储层孔隙的破坏作用主要包括黏土矿物转化及胶结作用; 黏土矿物转化模式为"蒙脱石-伊蒙混层-伊利石"型, 后期伴有高岭石和绿泥石的伊利石化; 发育于碎屑颗粒表面的绿泥石黏土膜在降低储层原生孔隙的同时, 抑制了后期发生的硅质胶结作用, 为残余粒间孔的保存和次生溶孔的形成提供了物质基础, 绿泥石套膜的发育成为气藏勘探评价中储层优选的关键参数之一。
- 陕北斜坡 /
- 山西组 /
- 石盒子组 /
- 成岩作用 /
- 孔隙特征
Abstract: The typical low permeability lithological reservoir is the main reservoir which has been developed from Shan-2 member to He-8 member at the upper Paleozoic in Northern Shaanxi slope, Ordos Basin. The reservoir properties dominate the enrichment of oils and gas. The merits of tight reservoir porosity are associated with their sedimentary and diagenetic environment. In this paper, the influence of the late-diagenetic on reservoir porosity was discussed according to the sedimentary particle size analysis and scanning electron microscopy observation. From the result of this study, we can draw the conclusion that the chief destructions of reservoir-quality which is in the transform sequence of "Montmorillonite-Andreattite-Illite" are the cementation and the evolution of clay cementation. Furthermore, the clay membrane of chlorite which is developed in the surface of clastic particles can protect the reservoir porosity from the late-cementation while block the primary porosity. Therefore the clay membrane of chlorite can be one of the criteria to judge the reservoir-quality in gas reservoir exploration.
- Northern Shaanxi Slope /
- Shanxi Formation /
- Shihezi Formation /
- diagenetic /
- porosity

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图 1 鄂尔多斯盆地构造及研究区范围^[9]

Figure 1. Tectonic map of Ordos Basin and the studied area

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图 2 研究区山₂—盒₈储层岩性分类

Figure 2. The reservoir lithology classification of study area from Shan 2 to He 8

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图 3 黏土矿物与碳酸盐胶结物特征扫描电镜

a—盒₈，2734.53 m，玫瑰花状绿泥石充填粒间孔；b—盒₈，2737.99 m，手风琴状高岭石及自生长石严重破坏孔隙；c—盒₈，2737.99 m，伊利石呈搭桥状部分堵塞孔隙；d—盒₈，2755.51 m，绿泥石向伊利石转化严重堵塞孔隙；e—盒₈，2756.15 m，高岭石向伊利石转化堵塞孔隙；f—盒₈，2737.99 m，致密的微晶方解石胶结；g—盒₈，2756.15 m，早期手风琴状高岭石充填，后期晶/粒间孔均被绿泥充填；h—盒₈，2737.99 m，六方板状高岭石充填毛发状伊利石的孔隙；i—盒₈，2737.99 m，绿泥石膜阻止石英自生加大，孔喉连通性较好

Figure 3. Scanning electron microscopy for clay mineral and carbonate cementation

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图 4 黏土矿物随埋深的变化趋势

Figure 4. The tendency of clay mineral with the buried depth

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图 5 山₂—盒₈储层物性的垂向变化特征

Figure 5. The vertical characteristics of reservoir from Shan 2 to He 8 members

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图 6 储层孔隙度与粒度参数的关系

Figure 6. The relationships between porosity and the grain size of reservoir

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图 7 储层孔隙度与粘土矿物含量的关系

Figure 7. The relationships between reservoir porosity and clay mineral content

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图 8 绿泥石含量与储层孔隙相关性

Figure 8. Relationship between reservoir porosity and the chlorite film

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图 9 储层孔隙度与胶结物的关系

Figure 9. Relationships between porosity and the content of cementation

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表 1 研究区储集岩碎屑成分统计表

Table 1. The statistics results of sandstone composition in the studied area

层位	样品数	石英/%	长石/%	岩屑/%	填隙物/%
盒₈	91	$\frac{46.4\sim 78.3}{62}$	很少	$\frac{13.2\sim 31.8}{18.6}$	$\frac{9.4\sim 26.5}{19.3}$
山₁	63	$ \frac{56\sim 87.2}{74.7}$	少量	$\frac{8.9\sim 29.1}{12.2}$	$\frac{10.0\sim 28.6}{14.7}$
山₂	72	$\frac{68.4\sim 89.5}{77.2}$		$\frac{3.5\sim 20.2}{8.5}$	$\frac{5.4\sim 17.0}{11.2}$
注：$\frac{46.4\sim 78.3}{62}$意义为$\frac{最小值\sim 最大值}{平均值}$

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表 2 山₂—盒₈段储层黏土矿物X衍射分析结果

Table 2. The X-ray diffraction of clay mineral of reservoir from Shan 2 to He 8

样号	井深/m	层位	伊蒙混层/%	伊利石/%	高岭石/%	绿泥石/%	混层比/%
W25-1	3792.03	山₂	20.9	37.9	27.7	13.5	15.0
W23-5	3627.15	盒₈	10.0	27.0	30.0	33.0	25.0
W23-2	3736.14	盒₈	21.1	38.5	28.6	11.8	15.0
W23-21	3754.50	盒₈	22.1	67.7	6.3	3.9	15.0
W23-23	3755.70	盒₈	25.6	67.4	4.7	2.3	15.0
W23-26	3773.00	盒₈	9.9	86.5	1.7	1.9	15.0
W23-30	3774.57	盒₈	10.6	82.2	2.1	5.1	10.0
W23-33	3776.77	盒₈	12.4	77.5	5.5	4.6	10.0
W23-34	3777.97	盒₈	14.7	79.1	3.1	3.1	10.0
Wy1-1	1971.48	盒₈	19.2	43.4	14.4	23.0	15.0
Wy1-4	1974.85	盒₈	23.7	26.4	10.8	39.1	15.0
Wy1-6	2048.47	山₂	25.8	64.5	7.5	2.2	10.0
Wy1-11	2082.45	山₁	5.4	92.2	1.5	0.9	10.0
Wy-25	2738.08	盒₈	27.9	37.7	15.0	19.4	20.0
Yt1-1	2245.27	盒₈	28.0	20.1	5.6	46.4	30.0
Su1-1	2181.50	盒₈	26.2	69.2	2.1	2.5	15.0
Su1-2	2182.50	盒₈	30.9	66.3	1.4	1.4	15.0
Su1-4	2185.81	盒₈	27.7	70.0	1.6	0.7	15.0
Su1-6	2263.90	山₂	11.3	85.0	3.1	0.7	15.0
G1-1	1723.20	盒₈	28.6	50.0	12.4	9.1	25.0
G1-6	1728.40	盒₈	25.0	29.6	3.5	42.0	25.0
W1-4	2635.90	盒₈	42.0	9.0	49.0	-	25.0
W1-15	2702.10	山₁	25.0	8.0	43.0	24.0	15.0
W21-6	2977.85	山₂	30.0	17.0	30.0	23.0	30.0
W21-20	2913.28	盒₈	34.0	38.0	13.0	15.0	25.0
W21-10	3021.75	盒₈	16.0	32.0	33.0	19.0	15.0
W15-9	3348.50	盒₈	35.0	3.0	38.0	24.0	35.0
W15-13	3449.50	山₂	7.0	44.0	49.0	-	10.0
W15-20	3094.60	山₂	33.0	17.0	35.0	15.0	10.0
W15-6	3119.86	盒₈	8.0	51.0	18.0	23.0	23.0
注:“-”表示未测试该项数据

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表 3 山₂段—盒₈段储层中胶结物含量

Table 3. The content of cementation of reservoir from Shan 2 to He 8

样品号	层位	深度/m	孔隙度/%	碳酸盐含量/%	含盐量/(g·L ^-1)
W153-1	山₁	2054.7	0.9	1.54	1002.4
W153-2	山₂	2085.6	7.6	1.24	452.7
W178	盒₈	2180.4	4.2	-	-
W178-1	盒₈	2181.5	5.9	2.93	-
W178-2	盒₈	2182.5	5.7	-	-
W178-3	盒₈	2185.8	7.6	2.47	-
W178-4	山₁	2264.8	5.2	1.05	420.3
G214-1	盒₈	1720.0	6.3	0.94	455.1
G214-2	盒₈	1723.2	7.8	2.23	245.9
W103-1	山₁	2657.4	0.3	1.47	23.4
W103-2	山₁	2658.5	1.2	2.87	24.1
W103-3	山₁	2660.1	2.2	9.99	24.8
W106-1	山₁	2847.8	2.6	3.25	345.5
W106-2	山₁	2849.4	3.3	2.98	425.6
W106-3	盒₈	2914.8	7.0	6.10	736.8
W221-1	山₂	2994.8	2.3	0.75	-
W221-2	山₂	2996.3	5.3	1.25	185.9
W221-3	山₂	2997.5	6.5	4.88	1769.7
W101-1	盒₈	3094.6	6.9	3.20	697.3
W101-2	盒₈	3124.6	4.2	0.94	75.3
W101-3	盒₈	3125.5	5.1	1.56	481.2
W101-4	盒₈	3119.9	6.0	3.41	269.8
W156-1	盒₈	3348.5	6.2	2.10	585.4
W156-2	盒₈	3402.4	5.4	3.51	401.7
W156-3	山₂	3449.5	7.4	3.00	431.9
W223-1	盒₈	3627.2	4.8	2.54	915.9
W223-2	盒₈	3755.7	3.0	2.70	84.7
W223-3	盒₈	3736.1	4.7	3.07	223.3
W223-4	山₂	3792.0	4.8	2.79	125.6
注：“-”表示未测定该项数据。

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表 4 山₂段—盒₈段储层砂岩中胶结物、黏土矿物总含量与孔隙度的关系

Table 4. The relationship among the cementation, clay mineral and its reservoir porosity from Shan 2 to He 8

井号	层位	埋深/m	黏土矿物		硅质		碳酸盐胶结
井号	层位	埋深/m	总含量/%	孔隙度/%	总含量/%	孔隙度/%	总含量/%	孔隙度/%
Zs2-1	山₂	5073.5	4.0	5.4	4.0	5.4	3.0	5.4
Zs2-2	山₂	5074.6	16.0	3.0			2.0	3.0
Zs2-3	山₁	5075.4	16.0	2.8	2.0	2.8	5.0	2.8
Hs1-1	山₁	3699.6	2.0	4.5	8.0	4.5	-	-
Hs1-2	山₁	3699.8	1.0	4.7	4.0	4.7	5.0	4.7
L1-1	山₁	3468.0	-	-	-	-	2.0	6.0
L1-2	山₁	3469.0	12.0	3.7	2.0	3.7	-	-
L1-3	山₁	3469.8	6.0	5.4	4.0	5.4	1.0	5.4
L1-4	山₂	3470.3	5.0	7.2	5.0	7.2	1.5	7.2
Qt1	山₁	4265.1	3.0	3.2	1.5	3.2	1.5	3.2
Qt3-1	盒₈	4243.2	1.0	8.0	0	8.0	1.5	8.0
Qt3-2	盒₈	4244.5	-	-	-	-	2.0	5.1
Qt3-3	盒₈	4245.5	-	-	0.0	8.8	6.5	8.8
Qt4-1	盒₈	4373.8	-	-	4.0	5.2	-	-
Qt4-2	盒₈	4375.2	3.0	7.8	4.5	7.8	2.0	7.8
Qt4-3	盒₈	4376.8	4.0	7.4	2.5	7.4	1.5	7.4
Qt4-4	盒₈	4378.6	-	-	0.5	2.3	12.0	2.3
Lo2	山₁	4840.3	7.0	4.2	5.0	4.2	0.5	4.2
Lo3-1	山₁	4065.9	1.5	7.9	2.0	7.9	0	7.9
Lo3-2	山₁	4067.1	2.0	6.4	3.5	6.4	0	6.4
Lo3-3	山₁	4068.2	4.5	5.9	1.0	5.9	0.5	5.9
Lo3-4	山₁	4079.8	-	-	-	-	6.0	1.2
Lo4-1	山₁	4507.3	4.5	5.3			2.5	5.3
Lo4-2	山₁	4507.8	6.0	4.9	7.0	4.9	6.0	4.9
Lo4-3	山₂	4508.2	4.0	4.4	8.0	4.4	3.5	4.4
Lo4-4	山₂	4508.6	5.0	4.4	7.0	4.4	5.0	4.4
Lo4-5	山₂	4508.9	3.5	4.3	6.0	4.3	9.0	4.3
Lo4-6	山₁	4509.3	5.0	4.1	5.0	4.1	6.0	4.1
Lo4-7	山₂	4509.9	11.0	3.4	5.0	3.4	6.0	3.4
Lo4-8	山₂	4510.6	4.0	3.3	4.0	3.3	8.0	3.3
Qt5-1	山₁	4278.9	7.0	1.9	3.0	1.9	-	-
Qt5-2	山₁	4280.6	-	-	4.0	0.5	-	-
Qt5-3	山₁	4283.4	6.0	1.8	-	-	5.0	1.8
注：“-”表示未测定该项数据。

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