半荒漠戈壁地区土壤地球化学找矿研究——以阿拉善右旗塔布格地区为例

苏和; 张善明; 柳长峰; 刘文灿; 苏胜民

半荒漠戈壁地区土壤地球化学找矿研究——以阿拉善右旗塔布格地区为例

苏和^1,,
张善明^{1, 2},
柳长峰¹,
刘文灿¹,
苏胜民³

1.
中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083
2.
内蒙古自治区第八地质矿产勘查开发院, 内蒙古乌海 016000
3.
内蒙古矿业开发有限责任公司, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010010

基金项目:

内蒙古自治区阿拉善右旗塔布格地区四幅1：5万区域矿产地质调查 AMKD2010-09

详细信息

作者简介:
苏和(1987-), 男, 硕士研究生, 构造地质学专业, 主要从事地质勘查找矿及构造方面。E-mail:24770467@qq.com

中图分类号: P622;P618.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-02-10
- 刊出日期: 2017-06-01

A STUDY ON ORE PROSPECTING WITH PEDOGEOCHEMISTRY IN SEMI-DESERT AND GOBI AREA——TAKING TABUGE AREA IN ALIXA RIGHT BANNER OF INNER MONGOLIA AS A CASE

1.
School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
2.
The Eighth Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration and Development of Inner Mongolia, Wuhai, Inner Mongolia 016000, China
3.
Inner Mongolia Mining Development Limited Liability Company, Huhehot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China

摘要

摘要: 内蒙古阿拉善塔布格地区主要地貌形态为荒漠、戈壁和山地，本文基于1：1万土壤地球化学测量工作成果，系统总结了塔布格地区地质特征，并对研究区内元素含量、异常组合和土壤地球化学异常等特征进行研究，结果表明：Au、Ag、Pb异常强度高、规模大，具有明显的浓集中心和浓度分带，多元素异常套合好，且与地质构造对应，异常查证发现含金石英脉，Au、Ag、Pb为主要成矿元素，As、Sb、Bi、Hg、Sn、Cu、Mo、Zn、W为成矿指示元素。综合地质成矿背景及化探异常特征，在区内圈定两处以金为主的多金属找矿靶区，认为后续工作主攻矿种应为金，主攻矿化类型为与韧-脆性构造变形有关的构造热液型金多金属矿化。
- 土壤地球化学 /
- 异常特征 /
- 金多金属矿 /
- 阿拉善塔布格
Abstract: Desert, gobi and mountain are the main topographic features of Tabuge area, Alixa right banner, Inner Mongolia. On the basis of soil geochemical survey at scale of 1:10000 in Tabuge area, the geological characteristics are summarized and characteristics like the elemental content, anomalous assemblage and soil geochemical anomaly are studied in this article. The results suggest that Au, Ag and Pb have high anomaly intensity, large scale, and obvious concentration center and concentration zone.The multi-element anomaly is well fitted, corresponds to geological structure, and the anomaly verification shows that there are gold-bearing quartz veins, with Au, Ag and Pb as the main ore-forming elements and As, Sb, Bi, Hg, Sn, Cu, Mo, Zn, W the ore-forming indicator elements. Considering the geological ore-forming background and characteristics of geochemical anomaly, two gold-based multi-metal prospecting target fields are set up in the area. It is believed that the main mineral to study should be gold, and the main mineralization type should be the gold polymetallic mineralization of structural hydrothermal type which is related to tough-brittle tectonic deformation.
- soil geochemistry /
- the characteristics of geochemical anomalies /
- gold polymetallic deposit /
- Tabuge area

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图 1 研究区地质简图

1.第四系风成砂; 2.乌拉山群第三岩组; 3.乌拉山群第一岩组; 4.三叠纪含黑云母花岗岩; 5.二叠纪似斑状黑云母花岗岩; 6.志留纪糜棱岩化二长花岗岩; 7.志留纪英云闪长岩; 8.奥陶纪英云花岗岩; 9.石英脉; 10.正长石脉; 11.糜棱岩化带; 12.硅化; 13.钾化; 14.褐铁矿化; 15.岩性界线、实测地质界线; 16.片麻理产状; 17.研究区范围; 18.平移断层; 19.实测、推测性质不明断层

Figure 1. Simplified geological map of the study area

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图 2 塔布格地区土壤元素聚类分析谱系图

Figure 2. Cluster analysis diagram of soil elements in Tabuge area

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图 3 单元素异常对比图

Figure 3. Comparison diagram of the single element anomaly

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图 4 综合异常分布图

1.铜元素异常; 2.铋元素异常; 3.铅元素异常; 4.汞元素异常; 5.锌元素异常; 6.金元素异常; 7.钼元素异常; 8.砷元素异常; 9.银元素异常; 10.锑元素异常; 11.钨元素异常; 12.锡元素异常; 13.元素综合异常; 14.研究区

Figure 4. Distribution of the synthetic anomaly

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图 5 AP6-1综合异常剖析图

1.二叠纪似斑状黑云母花岗岩; 2.志留纪二长花岗岩; 3.奥陶纪英云闪长岩; 4.研究区范围; 5.钾化; 6.性质不明断层; 7.糜棱岩化带; 8.韧性剪切断层

Figure 5. Profile chart of AP6-1 synthetic anomaly

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图 6 AP6-7异常剖析图

1.第四系风成砂; 2.乌拉山(岩)群第三岩组变质岩系; 3.乌拉山(岩)群第一岩组变质岩系; 4.三叠纪花岗岩; 5.志留纪二长花岗岩; 6.奥陶纪英云闪长岩; 7.石英脉; 8.研究区范围; 9.糜棱岩化带; 10.硅化

Figure 6. Profile chart of AP6-7 synthetic anomaly

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表 1 塔布格地区土壤微量元素含量统计特征

Table 1. Statistical characteristics of the soil trace element contents in Tabuge area

元素	Cu	Pb	Zn	As	Sb	Bi	Hg	W	Mo	Sn	Ag	Au
地壳丰度	25.00	14.2	71.00	1.50	0.20	0.10	89.00	2.00	1.50	5.50	0.516	1.42
最大值	171.40	193.20	372.40	76.50	4.81	393.90	677.03	576.00	24.68	41.20	2.03	44.58
最小值	2.00	6.70	14.20	0.79	0.06	0.04	4.44	0.30	0.25	1.00	0.03	0.35
中位数	12.70	20.10	50.90	4.88	0.22	0.17	9.82	1.22	0.83	2.40	0.04	0.81
平均值	15.23	21.54	54.84	5.64	0.24	0.65	11.00	2.14	1.01	2.56	0.05	0.94
标准离差	11.28	8.89	23.31	4.04	0.15	8.06	16.58	11.65	0.88	1.15	0.07	1.40
变异系数	0.74	0.41	0.43	0.72	0.62	12.38	1.51	5.44	0.87	0.45	1.46	1.49
注: Au、Hg的含量单位为10^-9, 其他元素的含量单位为10^-6。地壳丰度值取自GREM(1998)。

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表 2 塔布格地区土壤分析元素地球化学相关矩阵

Table 2. The geochemical correlation matrices of soil analysis elements in Tabuge area

元素	Cu	Pb	Zn	As	Sb	Bi	Hg	W	Mo	Sn	Ag^*	Au^*
Cu	1.00
Pb^*	-0.01	1.00
Zn	0.22	-0.06	1.00
As	0.25	-0.14	0.19	1.00
Sb	0.15	-0.04	0.16	0.28	1.00
Bi	0.04	0.07	-0.03	0.09	0.13	1.00
Hg	0.08	0.06	0.01	0.11	0.15	0.60	1.00
W	0.02	-0.02	0.02	0.09	0.01	0.01	0.01	1.00
Mo	0.18	-0.02	0.37	0.35	0.19	0.18	0.37	0.04	1.00
Sn	0.01	0.16	0.18	0.05	0.02	-0.02	0.01	0.53	-0.01	1.00
Ag^*	0.27	0.44	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.05	0.01	0.15	0.03	1.00
Au^*	0.10	0.20	0.03	0.14	0.05	0.03	0.04	0.01	0.12	0.01	0.14	1.00
Au^、Ag^、Pb^*为主成矿元素

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表 3 研究区土壤微量元素R型因子分析

Table 3. R-type factor analysis of soil trace elements in the study area

元素	F1	F2	F3	F4
Cu	0.556	-0.084	0.312	-0.061
Pb	-0.261	0.108	0.784	0.129
Zn	0.637	-0.145	0.006	0.140
As	0.694	0.072	-0.043	0.053
Sb	0.505	0.171	-0.036	-0.017
Bi	0.024	0.868	0.026	-0.004
Hg	0.150	0.878	0.040	0.001
W	0.050	0.017	-0.054	0.850
Mo	0.645	0.331	0.117	-0.016
Sn	0.041	-0.023	-0.083	0.883
Ag	0.090	0.004	0.811	-0.014
Au	0.173	0.000	0.462	-0.038
方差贡献/%	19.178	13.324	37.958	11.756
累计方差贡献/%	19.178	32.502	45.460	57.217

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表 4 研究区异常下限值

Table 4. The elements anomaly threshold in the study area

元素	Au	Ag	Pb
理论值	1.9	0.1	30
迭代法	2.1	0.13	32.58
多重分形法	3	0.2	40
注:Au含量单位为10^-9, 其余元素为10^-6

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